Emmanuel de Margerie (geographer)

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Emmanuel Marie Pierre Martin Jacquin de Margerie (born November 11, 1862 in Paris , † December 20, 1953 ) was a French geographer , geologist and oceanographer.

Life

Margerie was from the educated middle class , in the relationship, there were several diplomats. From 1877 he attended lectures by Albert de Lapparent at the Institut Catholique de Paris and became a member of the French geological society. In 1878 he took part in the first International Geological Congress in Paris. He did not graduate from a formal university degree.

Until 1918, Margerie lived from independent work in Paris. From 1918 to 1933 he was director of the Office Géologique de la carte d'Alsace et de Lorraine in Strasbourg, i.e. the geological survey of Alsace and Lorraine. In addition, from 1919 he was a professor at the University of Strasbourg . After his retirement he stayed in Paris.

In 1903 he married Margerie Renée Ferrer.

He was a member and often president of more than fifty academies and scientific societies around the world. He was fluent in German and English and could largely read European languages. Margerie was already a member of the French geological society in 1877 at the age of fifteen, of which he later became president.

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Margerie published 265 papers, mostly on regional geology, tectonics, and physical geography, as well as geographical and geological cartography. Most of his publications were intended for international dialogue. They were characterized by a critical analysis and a wide range of topics. Some of the content is still up to date.

One of his works is Les dislocations de l'écorce terrestre , 1888, which he published with Albert Heim . It was a trilingual work (English, French and German) with a geologically encyclopedic character. At the International Geological Congress in 1948 it was decided that a corresponding committee should re-edit and publish the work.

In 1888 published Margerie with Général Gaston de La Noë (1836–1902) from the military map service Les méthodes photographiques en topographie Les formes du terrain , Service Géographique De L'armée 'Paris, 1888. The book postulates a connection between the geomorphological manifestations, the geological structure and their genesis.

In 1896 Margerie published the Catalog des bibliographies géologiques . Margerie received an international reputation when he translated Das Antlitz der Erde by Eduard Suess as La face de la terre (1897-1918). Margerie was also the author of numerous local geological and geomorphological surveys. In 1892, 1893 he published with Franz Schrader treatises on the geomorphological structure of the Pyrenees (and in 1891 a geological map of the Pyrenees). He later studied the Swiss and French Jura, and published the results from 1922 to 1936 in Le Jura (with the commentary on the geological map L'explication de la carte geologique detaillee de la France-Le Jura ). Margerie also devoted studies of the geology and morphology of North America, which he had made observations on several trips. From these, in 1952, Études américaines emerged. Géologie et geographie . Margerie never visited Asia, but was able to publish significant publications on Asia through bibliographic analyzes. This includes an analysis of the work of Sven Hedin on the history of the origins of Tibet in 1928. In 1922 the International Geological Congress commissioned a committee to prepare a geological map of Africa. Margerie was appointed head of this project because of his cartographic experience. The first map sheet appeared in 1937 and in 1952 the publication was complete. In 1931 the Carte générale bathymétrique des océans was published under his leadership .

From 1943 to 1948 he published the four-volume Critique et géologie .

Honors, memberships, editing

The Margerie Glacier in Alaska, which he visited in 1913, is named after him. Cape Margerie in Antarctica also bears his name.

In 1946 he received the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London and in 1923 the Mary Clark Thompson Medal of the National Academy of Sciences . He was a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1922) and the Royal Society (1931). In 1919 he received the Cullum Medal of the American Geographical Society and in 1921 the Lyell Medal . From 1894 he was co-editor of the Annales de Géographie. On January 15, 1923 he became a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences and on January 16, 1939 its member in the mineralogy section. From 1939 to 1942 he was President of the Association de geographes français and from 1947 to 1952 President of the Comité national de geographie.

literature

  • Obituary in Annales de Géographie, Volume 63, 1954, pp. 82-87

Fonts

  • with Albert Heim Les dislocations de l´écorce terrestre (The Dislocations of the Earth's Crust ), 1888 (an overview of the terms of tectonics with drawings by Heim)
  • with Gaston Ovide de la Noe Les formes du terrain , Paris, Imprimerie Nationale 1888
  • La Société géologique de France de 1880 à 1929 , Paris 1930
  • Catalog des bibliographies géologiques , 2 volumes, Amsterdam 1966
  • Le Jura , Paris, Imprimerie Nationale, several volumes, from 1922
  • Études américaines , Paris, A. Colin, 2 volumes, 1952, 1954
  • La géologie , Paris, Larousse 1915
  • Critique et géologie, contribution à l'histoire des sciences de la terre , 4 volumes, Paris 1943

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emmanuel de Margerie, Albert Heim: Les dislocations de l'écorce terrestre , Schnyder von Wartensee Foundation , 1888
  2. ↑ http://cths.fr/an/prosopo.php?id=896
  3. ↑ Larousse
personal data
SURNAME Margerie, Emmanuel de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French geographer
DATE OF BIRTH November 11, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH December 20, 1953
Place of death Paris