Erich Borchert

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Geometric composition

Erich Borchert ( Russian Эрих Вильгельмович Борхерт , Erich Wilhelmowitsch Borchert; born February 16, 1907 in Erfurt ; † September 25, 1944 in the KarLag, a corrective labor camp of the Gulag near Karaganda , Kazakh SSR , Soviet Union ) was a German and Soviet painter.

Life

Borchert grew up in Erfurt. From 1926 to 1929 he studied wall painting at the Bauhaus Dessau and was a student with Paul Klee , Wassily Kandinsky and Lyonel Feininger . He completed his studies in 1930 with a diploma as an artist-architect. He had already joined the Communist Cell ( KPD ) at the Bauhaus in 1928 .

After completing his studies, he was one of the 30 or so Bauhaus members who traveled to the Soviet Union to take part in the development of the country as part of massive industrialization projects. Through the mediation of his mentor at the Dessau Bauhaus, the Bauhaus master Hinnerk Scheper , he moved to Moscow in 1930 and worked in the development department for color design in architecture and in urban planning. In the Maljarstroiprojekt planning office he was entrusted with facade and interior design and thus influenced the working and living environment of tens of thousands of people across the country. In 1933 he had a solo exhibition at the Moscow State Museum of New Western Art (now the Pushkin Museum ).

In contrast to Hannes Meyer and Hinnerk Scheper, for example , who left the country disillusioned a few years later, Borchert stayed there and married the Russian artist Sofja Matwejewa in 1931. In 1935 their daughter Erika was born. In 1938 he received the citizenship of the RSFSR / USSR by order of the Presidium of the Executive Committee. Like other non-returning contract workers, he soon got caught up in a machine of repression that was subtle at first and later openly revealed. On December 25, 1941, Borchert was drafted into the Red Army Construction Battalion No. 871 to help build the Ural Aluminum Plant (UAS) in Kamensk-Uralsky in Sverdlovsk Oblast . Almost a year later, on November 18, 1942, he was arrested for allegedly “preparing an act of sabotage on the thermal power station in the Krasnogorski district of Kamensk-Uralsky and planning to illegally switch to the side of the German fascist troops”. On January 15, 1944, 13 months after his arrest, he was sentenced under Articles 58-1a, 19-56-9, 58-10 Part 2 and 58-11 of the RSFSR Criminal Code for "membership in an anti-Soviet sabotage group, anti-Soviet agitation and betrayal of the homeland ”to 20 years imprisonment.

On September 24, 1944, Borchert died in the KarLag forced labor camp at the age of 37. It was not until 1962 that a military court in the Urals military district rehabilitated him posthumously .

Honors

In 2009 he was honored in Erfurt with a plaque on the house of his youth at Friedrich-Engels-Straße 67.

Exhibitions

  • 1929: International exhibition The beautiful person in new art , Darmstadt
  • 1930 Solo exhibition in the Angermuseum , Erfurt
  • 1964: Solo exhibition in the Central House of Architects in Moscow
  • 2007: International Scientific Conference: The Bauhaus and the Masters' Houses in the Urals from Solikamsk to Orsk , State Architectural-Artistic Academy Yekaterinburg
  • 2009: three works by Borchert in the exhibition "From Dürer to Klee: German, Austrian and Swiss Figures from the XVth-XXth Centuries from the Museum Collection" in the Pushkin Museum, Moscow
  • 2012/2013: In temporary custody. Erich Borchert (1907-1944). Graphics from the collection of the artist's family , solo exhibition, Pushkin Museum, Moscow

literature

  • Thüringer Allgemeine: Art career began in Erfurt, on September 3, 2009
  • Erich Borchert. 1907-1944 . Exhibition catalog, Pushkin Museum, Moscow, 2012 (Russian)
  • Tilo Grabach: Borchert, Erich . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 12, Saur, Munich a. a. 1995, ISBN 3-598-22752-3 , p. 672.

Web links

Commons : Erich Borchert  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Press release ( Memento of the original dated December 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Bauhaus University Weimar, September 1, 2009  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dailynet.de
  2. ^ Website of the conference in Yekaterinburg
  3. ^ Exhibition in the Pushkin Museum
personal data
SURNAME Borchert, Erich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH Erfurt
DATE OF DEATH September 25, 1944
Place of death Karlag, penal camp near Karaganda , Kazakh SSR , Soviet Union