Ernakulam (District)
| Ernakulam District | |
|---|---|
|
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| State | Kerala |
| Administrative headquarters : | Kakkanad |
| Area : | 2,950 km² |
| Residents : | 3,279,860 (2011) |
| Population density : | 1,069 inhabitants / km² |
| Website : | ernakulam.nic.in |
The Ernakulam District is a district in the southern Indian state of Kerala . It takes its name from Ernakulam , the sister city of Kochi (Cochin). The district administration is based in Kakkanad , a suburb of Kochi.
geography
The Ernakulam District is located in central Alcala and covers an area of 2,950 square kilometers. It is bordered by the Thrissur district to the north, the Idukki district to the east, the Kottayam and Alappuzha districts to the south and the Arabian Sea to the west . The Ernakulam District is divided into the seven taluks Paravur, Aluva, Kothamangalam, Kochi, Kanayannur, Kunnathunad and Muvattupuzha.
The area of the Ernakulam district comprises the hinterland of the Malabar coast . It is crossed by an extensive network of lakes, rivers and canals, the so-called backwaters . The Vembanad Lake , which drains into the sea near Kochin , also belongs to the backwaters . In the east, the district area rises to the Western Ghats up to a height of 300 meters.
The district's largest city is Kochi (Kochin), to which the district's eponymous Ernakulam also belongs administratively. Historic Kochi stretches across several headlands and islands between Lake Vembanad and the Arabian Sea, while its modern sister city, Ernakulam, is on the opposite side of the mainland. Together with Ernakulam, Kochi has around 600,000 inhabitants and is therefore the second largest city in Kerala after the capital Thiruvananthapuram . The conurbation of Kochi is the largest agglomeration in the state with 1.5 million inhabitants. The seat of the district administration, the place Kakkanad , lies outside the city limits east of Kochi / Ernakulam.
history
Kochi (Cochin) has been the most important port on the Malabar Coast since the 14th century and became the capital of the Kingdom of Cochin in 1405 . With the establishment of a trading post by the Portuguese in 1502, Kochi became the first base of the European colonial powers in India. The state of Cochin became a Portuguese, and from 1663 then a Dutch protectorate. The area finally came under British influence at the end of the 18th century . During the time of British India , the Kingdom of Cochin was a nominally independent princely state under British suzerainty.
The coastal strip in the west of today's district belonged to Cochin, the hinterland in the east to Travancore , a second princely state. After Indian independence, Travancore and Cochin united to form the Travancore-Cochin Federation and in 1949 they joined the Indian Union. After the state of Kerala was founded in 1956 along the language borders of the Malayalam from Travancore-Cochin and the Malabar district of the state of Madras , the Ernakulam district was established in 1958. In 1972 part of the Ernakulam district was added to the newly established Idukki district.
population
The Ernakulam district is densely populated. According to the 2011 Indian census, it has 3,279,860 inhabitants. In terms of population, it is the third largest district of Kerala. The population density of 1,069 inhabitants per square kilometer is still above the already high average of the state. At 95.7%, the literacy rate is somewhat above the mean value in Kerala and well above the average for all of India.
The main religions in the Ernakulam district are Hinduism and Christianity . According to the 2001 census, 46.5% of the district's population are Hindus and 38.8% Christian. Measured in absolute terms, the Ernakulam district is home to 1.2 million Christians, the largest Christian population of all Indian districts. The Muslims represent a minority with 14.5% of the population. A religious peculiarity of the district is an old-established small Jewish community, the so-called Cochin Jews , who have meanwhile almost all emigrated to Israel .
Cities
| city | Population (2001) |
|---|---|
| Aluva | 24,108 |
| Angamaly | 33,424 |
| Chendamangalam | 28,133 |
| Chengamanad | 29,775 |
| Cheranallur | 26,330 |
| Choornikkara | 36,998 |
| Chowwara | 13,603 |
| Edathala | 67,137 |
| Eloor | 30.092 |
| Kadamakkudy | 15,823 |
| Kadungalloor | 35,451 |
| Kalamassery | 63.176 |
| Kochi | 596.473 |
| Kothamangalam | 37,169 |
| Kottuvally | 37,884 |
| Kureekkad | 9,730 |
| Maradu | 40.993 |
| Mulavukad | 22,845 |
| Muvattupuzha | 29,230 |
| Paravur | 30,056 |
| Perumbavoor | 26,550 |
| Thiruvankulam | 21,713 |
| Thirupunnithura | 59,881 |
| Varappuzha | 24,516 |
| Vazhakkala | 42,272 |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Census of India 2011: Provisional Population Totals India, Kerala State and Districts. (PDF file; 36 kB)
- ^ Census of India 2001: Basic Data Sheet: District Ernakulam (08), Kerala (32). (PDF file; 54 kB)
- ^ Census of India 2001: Population, population in the age group 0-6 and literates by sex - Cities / Towns (in alphabetic order). ( Memento from June 16, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
