Ernst Schalck

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Adam Ernst Schalck , also Schalk (born March 8, 1827 in Frankfurt am Main , † August 23, 1865 ibid), was a German painter , draftsman and caricaturist .

life and work

The mixed patrol , caricature by Ernst Schalck

Schalck came from a Frankfurt artist family. His father was the miniature painter and portraitist Heinrich Franz Schalck (1791-1832 or 1833), his grandfather the decorative painter Johann Peter Joseph Schalck († 1801). His older brother Heinrich (1825–1846) became a portrait painter.

After the early death of his father, Schalck's upbringing was promoted by the church and the Frankfurt Freemason Lodge "Zur Einigkeit". He joined the lodge to which his father belonged in 1856. He attended the Catholic Selektenschule , where his talent for drawing was noticed early on. From 1842 to 1847 he was a student at the Städelsche Kunstinstitut , where Johann David Passavant , Friedrich Hessemer , Eduard Schmidt von der Launitz and Jakob Becker were his teachers. In 1847 he met the poet Friedrich Stoltze in the pre- March round of regulars at the Wasserkolleg , with whom he developed a lifelong friendship.

In 1847 he moved to the Düsseldorf Art Academy . There he was a student of the “1. Class “of the director Wilhelm von Schadow .

In the revolutionary year of 1848 he returned to Frankfurt. During this time around 50 drawings and lithographs were created on contemporary events and people from contemporary history. A portfolio with twelve large-format caricatures was published in 1849/50.

To what extent he was involved in the revolutionary events has not been established; a police investigation into the September riots into possible involvement in the September 18 barricade fighting was closed because he provided exculpatory alibis and a hand injury that had made him suspicious was proven to have resulted from a fall.

In May / June 1849, Schalck and his friend Stoltze toured the uprising area in the Palatinate to report on the struggles of the irregulars there. At the end of 1849 he published his experiences in the sketches from the Palatinate , seven large-format lithographs with verses by Friedrich Stoltze.

Schalck created numerous genre pictures in the 1850s . From 1852 he worked on Stoltze's Frankfurter Krebbelzeitungen . In 1852 he married Felicie Louise Louvel de la Faverie (* 1829), daughter of a French officer. To support the family, she founded a private girls' school in Frankfurt. In 1853 the daughter Marie was born, in 1857 the son Alfred Ernst . The youngest son Hugo Karl died shortly after giving birth in 1859.

From 1860, Schalck worked on Stoltze's Frankfurter Latern as a cartoonist. His series of pictures, but above all the satirical closing pictures, contributed significantly to the success of the paper. His caricatures initially targeted Napoleon III. , later mostly to Otto von Bismarck . In 1862, the Prussian courts imposed fines and imprisonment against Schalck, which, however , could not be carried out in the Free City of Frankfurt .

On August 23, 1865, Schalck died of a long-standing lung disease. His wife then returned with the children to Paris , where she worked as a writer. Parts of his estate, including three paintings as well as drawings and sketches, are in the Goethehaus , the Historisches Museum and the Städel . In 1980 the Stoltze Museum in Töngesgasse dedicated an exhibition to him under the title Frankfurter Hampelmann und Deutscher Michel - The Frankfurt cartoonist Ernst Schalk 1827-1865 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Ernst Schalk  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Finding aid 212.01.04 Student lists of the Art Academy Düsseldorf , website in the portal archive.nrw.de ( Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen )
  2. ^ Museum Kunstpalast : Artists from the Düsseldorf School of Painting (selection, as of November 2016, PDF )
personal data
SURNAME Schalck, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schalck, Adam Ernst (full name); Schalk, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, draftsman and caricaturist
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1827
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1865
Place of death Frankfurt am Main