Ernst Theodorowitsch Krenkel
Ernst Krenkel (russ. Эрнст Теодорович Кренкель ; born December 11 . Jul / 24. December 1903 greg. In Tartu , † 8. December 1971 in Moscow ) was a Soviet polar explorers and radio operator .
Life
Ernst Krenkel was born in 1903 as the son of the language teacher Theodor Krenkel and his wife Maria, who was also of German descent. His ancestors on his father's side immigrated to Ukraine from Thuringia in the 18th century .
Krenkel worked on various polar stations between 1924 and 1938 . He was involved in the construction of the world's northernmost radio station in the Arctic on Franz-Joseph-Land and on January 12, 1930, he established the world record for long-distance connections on shortwave when he established a connection to radio operator Howard Mason at Byrd's WFA station Antarctic Expedition under Byrd on the Antarctic Ross Ice Shelf . In 1931 he took part in the polar flight of the LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin airship .
When Krenkel took part in the Cheliuskin voyage in 1934 , he used his radio to notify the outside world of the uncontrolled drift of the survivors on an ice floe after the ship's sinking. He was able to save the expedition through contact with radio amateurs after the ice floe broke several times . After the expedition he was allowed to keep the ship's call sign RAEM as an amateur radio call sign for his amateur radio station .
From May 1937 to February 1938, Krenkel was a radio operator alongside Iwan Papanin , Pyotr Schirschow and Evgeni Fyodorov on the North Pole-1 ice drift station and thus probably one of the first people at the geographic North Pole .
He was the first president of the Radio Sports Association of the Soviet Union, the forerunner of today's Union of Radio Amateurs of Russia .
Ernst Krenkel found his final resting place in the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. On the grave, the letters RAEM stand on a high stele in large capitals one below the other.
Honors
His portrait is featured on numerous Soviet and Russian postage stamps. Together with his colleagues at the ice station, he was honored with the title Hero of the Soviet Union . As a reminder, several stations are operated by radio amateurs beyond the Arctic Circle, through connections with these stations the RAEM diploma can be obtained.
It was also named after him
- the Krenkel Bay , an extended bay of the Laptev on the southeast coast of the island Komsomolez in the archipelago Severnaya Zemlya (80 ° 30'N, 98 ° E);
- the geophysical polar observatory ET Krenkel on Hayes Island in the Franz-Joseph-Land archipelago , Arkhangelsk Oblast (80 ° 36 ′ 36 ′ ′ N, 57 ° 49 ′ 22 ′ ′ E).
See also
literature
- Ernst Krenkel: My callsign is RAEM [ RAEM - мои позывные ; in Dt. transfer by Leon Nebenzahl - abbreviated for the German edition], Verlag Neues Leben , Berlin 1977, 474 pp.
Web links
- Article Кренкель Эрнст Теодорович in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Ernst Krenkel, RAEM , biography in the Funk Documentation Archive
- Biography on the website of the Moscow Amateur Radio Museum (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ North Pole Drifting Stations (1930s – 1980s) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution , accessed February 11, 2015
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Krenkel, Ernst Theodorowitsch |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Кренкель, Эрнст Теодорович (Russian) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Soviet polar explorer and radio operator |
DATE OF BIRTH | December 24, 1903 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Tartu |
DATE OF DEATH | December 8, 1971 |
Place of death | Moscow |