Ernst Voit

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Ernst Eduard Voit (born April 14, 1838 in Speyer ; † February 14, 1921 in Munich ) was a German physicist and university professor.

Life

Ernst Voit was the youngest child from the first marriage of his father, the architect August von Voit , with Mathilde, née Burgett (1808–1845). After the family moved to Munich in 1841, Ernst Voit grew up here, together with his siblings Karl , August (1834–1900) and Amalie (1836–1904) and several half-siblings from the father's second marriage.

Voit studied physics and obtained a doctorate in medicine. phil. In 1864 he read as a private lecturer at the Polytechnic - from 1865 "Polytechnic University" - in Karlsruhe , from 1868 he worked as a professor at the "Royal Industrial School" in Munich. At the “Polytechnic School” in Munich he gave lectures on dynamo machines, initially again as a private lecturer, and from 1885 as a full professor for applied physics in the field of heating and electrical engineering . At the electrical engineering exhibitions in Munich in 1882 and in Vienna in 1883 , as a specialist in technical optics, he was responsible for carrying out light measurements . On July 19, 1886 he was elected ( matriculation no. 2582 ) to the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , Physics Section. From 1893 he was chairman of the "Munich Electrotechnical Association", from 1898 board member for the mechanical-technical department of the university, where he also headed the examination committee in the physics department. He was involved in the work of the "Munich Electrotechnical Research Institute" founded in 1900.

While his lectures were criticized for their scientific competence and topicality, his achievements in the field of technical optics are highlighted, including his collaboration with the physicist Philipp Ludwig von Seidel and the optician Hugo Adolph Steinheil in Munich. Under the direction of the latter's father, Carl August von Steinheil , he carried out investigations into the behavior of wheels on railroad tracks and length measurements from 1868, which Steinheil discussed in a meeting of the royal. bayer. Academy of Sciences in Munich reported. From 1870 he worked at the geodetic institute in Potsdam on Steinheil's "Fühlspiegelkomparator". In 1883 he published his weighing series with various Steinheil rock crystal kilogram weights. With the physicist Hugo Krüss he developed a spectro-photometer. From 1899 to 1907 he edited the 10 volumes of the “Collection of Electrotechnical Lectures” at Ferdinand Enke , Stuttgart.

In 1870 Voit married Eugenie Antonie Lange (1844–1929), daughter of the landscape painter Julius Lange and sister of the director of the School of Applied Arts in Munich , Emil von Lange (1841–1926). In 1889 he bought a house in Munich (Barerstr. 33). The marriage had three sons and one daughter.

Awards

Fonts

  • About the comparison of rock crystal weights , in: Treatises of the mathematical-physical class of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Memorandum 50), Vol. 14. Munich 1883.
  • About the diffusion of liquids , in: session reports of the royal. Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Munich 1867, 2, pp. 483-486.
  • The heating test station in Munich . / The hot water heating in the building for the Royal Fire Insurance Chamber in Munich . / Studies on the heating systems in Munich's school buildings .
  • The measurement results (of the photometric work of the examination commission) , in: Official report on the International Electrotechnical Exhibition. Munich (1892), p. 104.
  • About light measurements , in: Bayrisches Industrie- und Gewerbeblatt 15, 1883, p. 39.
  • The Electrotechnical Research Institute Munich , in: Bayrisches Industrie- und Gewerbeblatt 17, 1885, p. 99.
  • Joseph von Fraunhofer , in: Bayer. Industrie- und Gewerbeblatt (commission publishing house by Theodor Riedel) 19, Munich 1887.
  • Prerequisite for the calculation of optical systems and application to simple achromatic lenses , in: Adolph Steinheil, Ernst Voit: Handbook of Applied Optics, Vol. 1. BG Teubner, Leipzig 1891.
  • The electric arc , in: Collection of electrotechnical lectures. Vol. 1, 1st issue. Ferd. Enke, Stuttgart 1896.
  • Electrical engineering internship. Help book for students of electrical engineering in two parts by Ernst Voit and C. Heinke. S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1897.
  • Development of lighting and lighting technology / precision mechanics in Bavaria in: Representations from the history of technology in industry and agriculture in Bavaria. Festival of the Royal Technical University in Munich for the centenary of the acceptance of the royal dignity by Elector Maximilian IV Joseph of Bavaria. R. Oldenbourg, Munich and Berlin 1906, pp. 53-63 and 169-195, respectively.

literature

  • Meeting reports of the royal. bayer. Academy of Sciences in Munich, born 1868, vol. II. Academic printing press by F. Straub in commission from G. Franz, Munich (1868). Meeting of November 7, 1868.
  • Central Bureau of the European Degree Measurement (ed.): General report on the European degree measurement for the year 1869. Reimer, Berlin 1870.
  • LEOPOLDINA. OFFICIAL BODY OF THE IMPERIAL LEOPOLDINO-CAROLE GERMAN ACADEMY OF NATURAL RESEARCHERS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESIDENT DR. H. 23, born in 1897. E. Blochmann & Sohn, Leipzig 1897.
  • Lueger, Otto: Lexicon of the entire technology and its auxiliary sciences, Vol. 5 Stuttgart, Leipzig 1907: Permalink: http://www.zeno.org/nid/20006064116
  • NN: Obituary Ernst Voit , in: Bayerisches Industrie- und Gewerbeblatt NF 53 (1921), H. 17/18, pp. 81–83.
  • Wolfgang König: Technical Sciences. The emergence of electrical engineering from industry and science between 1880 and 1914. Technology Interdisciplinary, Vol. 1. Gordon & Breach, Chur 1995, pp. 62, 66/67.
  • Ulf Hashagen: Walter von Dyck (1856–1934). Mathematics, technology and science organization at the TH Munich. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2003.
  • Cornelia Meyer-Stoll: The size and weight reforms in Germany in the 19th century with special consideration of the role of Carl August Steinheil and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Publishing house of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In Commission at CHBeck, Munich 2010.
  • Willi Ule : History of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the years 1852–1887 . With a look back at the earlier times of its existence. In commission at Wilh. Engelmann in Leipzig, Halle 1889, supplements and additions to Neigebaur's history, p. 228 ( archive.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ the internist and professor Fritz Voit was a son of his brother Karl
  2. ↑ Member entry by Ernst Voit at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 4, 2017.
  3. ↑ http://www.hermann-foettinger.de/ausbildung/ausbildung.htm
  4. ↑ König (1995), p. 62
  5. ↑ Hashagen (2003), p. 303
  6. ↑ von Steinheil: Contribution to Geodesy , in: session reports of the kbAkademie der Wissenschaften (1868), pp. 466, 494, 496
  7. ↑ Lueger (1907), pp. 571-572: Comparator, a device for comparing dimensions and determining the expansion coefficients of measuring tools. The comparator is z..B. used to determine the length of standard dimensions, standards, basic apparatus and length measuring instruments.
  8. ↑ Cornelia Meyer-Stoll (2010), p. 234
  9. ^ Hugo Krüss: The electro-technical photometry. Hartleben, Vienna 1886
  10. ^ Voit, Ernst: Familien-Bogen (Munich, City Archives)
  11. ↑ Leopoldina (1897), p. 32
personal data
SURNAME Voit, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Voit, Ernst Eduard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 14, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH Speyer
DATE OF DEATH February 14, 1921
Place of death Munich