Esperanto literature

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Ulrich Lins

The Esperanto- language literature includes works originally written in Esperanto as well as works translated into Esperanto.

The first longer texts in Esperanto were translations of works of world literature with which the early writers (in addition to Zamenhof and others Grabowski and Kabe ) wanted to test the suitability of the young language. In his first brochure from 1887, Zamenhof published two from his own pen, in addition to the Lord's Prayer , the beginning of Book of Moses (Genesis) and two poems by Heinrich Heine . After several short stories and plays, mainly by well-known German and Russian authors, a translation of Hamlet by was published in 1894William Shakespeare . Another milestone was a complete translation of the Bible , which appeared in 1926.

The first novel Kastelo de Prelongo by Henri Vallienne, originally written in Esperanto, appeared in 1907, but is generally regarded as not of great literary value. Original literature flourished in the 1920s, with the Hungarians Kálmán Kalocsay and Julio Baghy , among others . After the Second World War there was the so-called Scottish School, with William Auld among others . Also after the Second World War, Sándor Szathmári became famous in the Esperanto world through a satirical novel. The best known Esperanto translator and author in China writes under the pseudonym Laŭlum . Authors of today's Esperanto literary scene are, for example, the satirist Jorge Camacho from Spain , the Croatian Spomenka Štimec and the Swede Sten Johansson . The Englishwoman Marjorie Boulton is considered the grande dame of Esperanto literature .

In 1993 the Esperanto PEN Center was included as a section in the International PEN . There is also the eight years older Esperanto-speaking authors' association (EVA). In total, around forty thousand book titles have appeared in Esperanto to date.

In the non-fiction category, the topic of linguistics has been developed. Examples are the British phonetics professor and former chairman of the Esperanto World Federation, John C. Wells (including Lingvistikaj aspektoj de Esperanto ) and the Swiss interpreter and psychologist Claude Piron ( La bona lingvo ). The French linguist and religious historian Gaston Waringhien has also made a name for himself with numerous articles and essays on the subjects of language and literature. With regard to the history of Esperanto, the Swiss Edmond Privat , the German Ulrich Lins and the Japanese Ito Kanzi are among the most important authors.

The journals of the language community are also part of Esperanto literature . The monthly Esperanto has a special position , not only as an organ of the World Esperanto Association Universala Esperanto-Asocio (since 1920), but also because of its age: it has been published since 1905, only during the two world wars there were brief interruptions. The youth association TEJO, which is affiliated to the UEA , also publishes the magazine Kontakto for young people . Most regional associations and many professional associations also have their own magazines. The magazine of the German Esperanto Association is called Esperanto aktuell .

Independently are Heroldo de Esperanto , in 1920 by the Rhinelander Theo Jung founded, and the Internet magazine Libera Folio (since 2003) and in Antwerp appearing Monato . An Esperanto edition of Le Monde diplomatique , a French monthly newspaper for political and cultural analysis, appears on the Internet .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Harald Haarmann : Small Lexicon of Languages. From Albanian to Zulu. Munich: Becksche Reihe, Volume 1432. ISBN 3-406-47558-2 (2001), p. 117 f.
  2. ↑ Henri Vallienne: Kastelo de Prelongo. Paris: Hachette, 1907, 515 pages.

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