Esso houses

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Esso Homes in November 2013
Eastern block of flats of the Esso houses in front of the St. Pauli skyline with the dancing towers , September 2013

A building complex in the Hamburg district of St. Pauli between Spielbudenplatz , Taubenstrasse and Kastanienallee was called Esso -häuser . It was a panel building from the 1960s. The block comprised two eight-storey residential buildings with 110 apartments, a two-story commercial complex with a hotel, retail shops and clubs facing Spielbudenplatz, as well as underground garages and the Esso gas station Reeperbahn , after which the entire line was named. In the meantime, the building complex has been demolished to make room for new buildings.

history

The three-storey Theater Eden, which opened in 1886, stood on the property until July 25, 1943 . After the destruction in the air raids of World War II , the property remained a field of rubble for several years. In 1958, the petrol station operator Ernst Schütze acquired the leasehold for the 6,187 m² area on Spielbudenplatz and in the same year commissioned the planning for the new development. The design by the architects Herbert Großner and Hanns Stich envisaged modern prefabricated buildings of two eight-story apartment blocks with 110 apartments and 4600 square meters of floor space and was praised as simple, functional and imposing. The costs amounted to six million marks. The topping-out ceremony took place on May 4, 1961. The clubs housed in the building complex included Das Herz von St. Pauli , Hörsaal , Planet Pauli and the Molotow .

Purchase by Bayerische Hausbau

The complex remained in the family until 2009. On May 1, 2009, the owners sold the 6190 square meter area with the now dilapidated houses to Bayerische Hausbau GmbH & Co. KG. The company had previously carried out soil surveys. According to its own information, after the demolition, which was initially scheduled for 2014, the new owner is planning a new building with 5000 square meters of commercial space facing the Reeperbahn and 19,500 square meters for one third each of owner-occupied, rented and social housing. The petrol station operation is to be discontinued, but Bayerische Hausbau wants to retain the previous character of a “village square” on St. Pauli at the location.

This development sparked a debate through which the Esso stores gained nationwide attention. The Esso Houses initiative has been campaigning for the renovation and maintenance of the houses since 2010. After two meetings between the Esso-Häuser initiative and the owner, the latter submitted an expert opinion in May 2011 , according to which demolition was inevitable. The citizens' initiative then commissioned a further report from which it emerges that the buildings do not necessarily have to be demolished. In 2013, Bayerische Hausbau submitted an application for demolition; shortly beforehand, the Hamburg-Mitte district office had commissioned a new report on buildings and garages, in which, as an example, only one of the 70 components of the roof, underground car park and shell examined was in order. The report submitted by the DR architects documented a far-reaching damage to the reinforced concrete structure and recommended measures to ensure stability. In addition to an assessment of the state of the building, the costs of a renovation were compared with the costs of a new building. The city's report came to the same conclusion on many points as the three existing reports and was therefore sharply criticized by the taxpayers' association for the cost of around 100,000 euros. During the dispute over the demolition, the quality of living was restricted by a lack of maintenance. In February 2013, the tenants were forbidden from using the balconies by the district office and the underground car park was blocked in June 2013 because, according to the expert report, the reinforced concrete structure inside was so badly damaged by decomposition that the risk of collapse for the underground car park and the buildings on top could not be ruled out.

Eviction due to risk of collapse

On the night of December 15, 2013, the houses had to be evacuated due to the risk of collapse. Residents had reported vibrations to the police and reported "shaking walls". After the eviction, the crisis management of the city and the owner was sharply criticized. The adjoining Esso petrol station and the shops, bars, restaurants and discos in the commercial building were closed. On December 17th, the district office announced that the houses could not be occupied again. Thereupon the Esso-Häuser initiative reported Bayerische Hausbau for violating the Hamburg Housing Protection Act. In addition, the initiative demanded financial compensation , the right of return for all tenants in the new buildings and the transparent disclosure of the static tests on the houses. She also called for new planning for the site and 100 percent subsidized living space with affordable rents, including commercial rents. Five weeks after the eviction, 40 tenants had not yet found a new apartment. On January 7th, 2014, a shipping company began to clear out the residential complex. At the end of January 2014, the Hamburg-Mitte district office issued a demolition permit, as "the preservation of the building cannot be expected of the owner for economic reasons". The Esso-Häuser initiative asked the district to provide evidence of what the cause and effects of the vibrations could have been on the day of the evacuation, to disclose the results of the investigation and to draw up a questionnaire on this matter. In February 2014, 20 tenants had not yet found a new apartment.

Protests

On April 28, 2013, 1,500 people demonstrated for the preservation of the houses.

In June 2013, more than 125 prominent representatives from science, culture and business published a manifesto calling for the building on St. Pauli to be preserved. The signatories included Udo Lindenberg , Jan Delay , Ingrid Breckner, Muck Petzet , Peter Lohmeyer and Rocko Schamoni .

On September 8, 2013, following a football game by FC St. Pauli , around 2000 people demonstrated from Harald-Stender-Platz and demanded that the houses be preserved.

On the occasion of the eviction there were several demonstrations against speculation with the houses and the eviction of the old tenants, so on the evening of the eviction 750 people spontaneously protested in front of the houses. On December 21, 2013 there were also rallies for the preservation of the Esso houses during the demonstrations in Hamburg on December 21, 2013 . According to the police, 7,300 people demonstrated under the motto The city belongs to everyone! Refugees, Esso houses and Rote Flora remain. This led to violent riots and spontaneous demonstrations in front of the Esso houses. On January 11, 2014, a so-called “brush mob” took place, which also addressed the Esso houses. On January 18, 2014, several thousand people protested against the policies of the Hamburg Senate, including for social development in the Esso-Haus area.

While the former apartments and shops were being cleared out, another protest took place under the motto “Beautify your local site fence”. Photographs of former residents were attached to the site fence securing the building complex and demands and statements of the former residents were written on moving boxes.

On February 8, 2014, a “district assembly” took place in the ballroom of the Millerntor Stadium , at which around 450 residents, tradespeople and other interested parties exchanged information about the current state of planning for the Esso-Häuser area. Various district initiatives had invited to this meeting. At the end of this, a resolution was passed which included, among other things, a return of the previous tenants to old conditions, the construction of social housing on the site and the preservation of the old flora. Otherwise, the Bavarian house building should be withdrawn from the complex.

During a vigil at the end of February 2014, there were arguments with the security service.

demolition

Esso houses in April 2014
Demolition of the eastern Esso house

The demolition permit was granted at the end of January 2014. On the morning of January 23, the dismantling of the large electronic advertising wall that was on one of the Esso houses began with the final preparations for the demolition after the last tenants had also cleared their apartments. On February 12, 2014, construction workers began to demolish the Esso gas station with excavators. On the same evening, a spontaneous rally took place on this occasion. In March 2014, insulation materials and doors were removed from the houses. Further smaller demolition work took place in May 2014. According to information from Bayerische Hausbau, asbestos was found in the commercial line during pollutant tests and the demolition company had changed, which led to delays.

Discussion about rebuilding the property

In February 2014, the SPD announced that the necessary change in building law would be linked to the condition that Bayerische Hausbau build 50 percent social housing on the site. In addition, the tenants should be given a right of return under the same or better conditions. As a result, the spokesman for Bayerische Hausbau announced that the building would be demolished, but the site would no longer be built upon. The spokesman for Bayerische Hausbau, Bernhard Taubenberger, wrote an email to the SPD parliamentary group leader in Mitte, Falko Droßmann: "With all due respect to the democratically legitimized political sovereign: We are not your land servant who carries out your landed orders."

In June 2014, Bayrische Hausbau finally agreed to have 50 percent social housing built. Boss Jürgen Büllesbach said there were "practicable ways to fill the gap between the demands of the district and the third offered by us, for example through building cooperatives, student or senior citizens' apartments, which can also be publicly funded". Andy Grote also spoke of a possible return of the restaurateurs in containers along the site fence.

Participation process

On February 8, 2014, an independent district assembly took place in the ballroom of FC St. Pauli. The ballroom resolution passed there called for a “democratic planning process organized from below” for the Esso houses. The planning working group formed as a result of this neighborhood assembly developed a concept for a "new and innovative participation process" for the new planning of the houses, started negotiations with the Hamburg-Mitte district and entered into an initial outline of this procedure on April 24, 2014 under the title "We call it PlanBude" to the public. “PlanBude proposes an innovative, fundamentally different planning process for the Esso stores: accessible, model-like, democratic, open-ended, broad-based, organized on site. PlanBude combines the fields of urban planning, architecture, fine arts, urbanism, district cultural work, social work and sociology with the street, with the inhabited city, with local knowledge. PlanBude relies on a power of imagination developed from everyday life. "

Plan booth

Esso site in February 2019

In July 2014 it became known that there would be a participation process for the citizens of the district in the plans for the new building on Spielbudenplatz. PlanBude, the newly founded office of architects, planners, artists who had already organized the Park Fiction planning process , and a social worker received the order for this . Over a period of six months, suggestions from residents and interested parties were collected. In two containers on Taubenstrasse, at the corner of Spielbudenplatz, all those interested, former residents of the Esso houses, tradespeople and other people from St. Pauli could contribute their ideas. The PlanBude process is now regarded as an exemplary, precise and intensive participation process in architectural circles and was exhibited in the Vienna Secession , the Württembergischer Kunstverein Stuttgart and the Autostadt Wolfsburg.

The results from the PlanBude process were presented and discussed at two public district conferences. In negotiations between the building department of the Hamburg-Mitte district, the district office manager, Bayerische Hausbau and PlanBude, a key issues paper and the basis for an urban development competition were created. Almost literally, the so-called “St. Pauli Code ”, which tries to answer the question of what the new quarter has to be able to do so that that which is special about St. Pauli can reside and renew itself. After the “St. Pauli Code ”, a small mix of living, small businesses, entertainment and public areas is to be created.

Architecture competition

On the basis of the results of the participation process, the owner launched an urban planning appraisal procedure in 2015, which was jointly won by the architects NL Architects from Amsterdam and BeL Sozietät für Architektur from Cologne.

The subsequent architectural competition led to the result that, in addition to the NL and BeL offices, Lacaton et Vassal (Paris), IFAU and Jesko Fezer (Berlin) and feld72 will be building in Hamburg for the first time.

New name

At the end of May 2017, the owner launched a naming competition for the new Esso houses. The name "Paloma-Viertel" was chosen from the proposals and announced for the new development.

music

In 2013 the song Echohäuser was released , composed by Thomas Wenzel and Ømmes Fröhling and sung by "Jeanne d'Arcs of the Esso Houses" Julia, Oxana and the Butt Club Choir and committed to preserving the Esso Houses. The buildings also serve as the backdrop for the associated video.

Movie

In 2014, the Hamburg filmmakers Irene Bude, Olaf Sobczak and Steffen Jörg published a comprehensive portrait of the Esso houses: The 90-minute film Buy buy St. Pauli - About the struggle for the Esso houses documents the lives of the residents, the resistance against the investor's demolition plans, the sudden evacuation in December 2013, the toilet brush protests in 2014 and the start of the PlanBude in the same year.

performance

In 2014, the Hamburg performer Sylvi Kretzschmar staged the performance Esso Houses Echo, dedicated to the Esso houses, with the megaphone choir . For this obituary for the Esso houses, the performer used original voices from residents and neighbors. The production amplified the voices of everyday life and translated them into a choreography that was performed both on Kampnagel and on Spielbudenplatz .

literature

  • Dirk Karsten, Jörg Schilling: Esso houses. Reeperbahn / Spielbudenplatz 1958–1961. Hamburg construction booklet No. 7, Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-944405-06-3 .
  • Christoph Schäfer, Lisa Marie Zander: Essohäuser Reeperbahn St. Pauli . arch + 222, pp. 78–81, Berlin 2016
  • Renée Tribble, Patricia Wedler, Volker Katthagen: PlanBude. Collective knowledge as the basis of urban design . Sub / urban. Journal for Critical Urban Research, Vol. 5, Issue 1–2, 2017, ISSN: 2197-2567
  • Team PlanBude: We call it PlanBude. dérive - Journal for Urban Research, No. 61, Vienna, October 2015, ISSN: 1608-8131
  • Friedrich von Borries: How does local participation work? Design on Display: Democracy, Wolfsburg 2017

Web links

Commons : Esso-Tankstelle Reeperbahn  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b The development of the Spielbudenplatz. (PDF) Spielbudenplatz Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, October 2012, accessed on December 21, 2013 .
  2. ↑ Development of the Paloma quarter and building description for construction field 5 in: hamburg.de from March 25, 2019 (.pdf 20 pages)
  3. ↑ Olaf Wunder : Clearance of the Kiez high-rise buildings: This is how the shacks were once cheered. Hamburger Morgenpost, December 17, 2013, accessed on December 21, 2013 .
  4. ↑ Demolition of the Esso houses: Clubs call for help in: Abendblatt.de of January 21, 2014.
  5. ↑ a b The Esso houses: "A lively legend" in: hh-mittendrin.de from September 12, 2013.
  6. ^ "Wish me a good piece of new St. Pauli" ( Memento from January 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) ndr.de, January 18, 2014.
  7. ↑ Bayerische Hausbau confirms its offer to tenants at Spielbudenplatz ( Memento from November 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Heiko Block: Reeperbahn: The dispute over demolition is getting sharper. Norddeutscher Rundfunk, June 16, 2011, archived from the original on June 19, 2011 ; Retrieved December 21, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Save the mess! ZEIT ONLINE, December 19, 2013, accessed on January 11, 2014 .
  10. ↑ Welcome to the Esso Houses initiative, the initiative against the demolition of Esso houses. Esso Homes Initiative, accessed December 21, 2013 .
  11. ↑ Clearance of the Kiez high-rise buildings: This is how the shacks were once cheered. Hamburger Morgenpost, September 23, 2010, accessed on December 21, 2013 .
  12. ↑ Eva Eusterhus: Esso houses should stay. In: The world. June 16, 2011, accessed December 21, 2013 .
  13. ^ Ailing Esso houses: Company submits demolition application Abendblatt.de, August 14, 2013.
  14. ↑ Esso houses are coming taz.de, August 15, 2013.
  15. ↑ Esso-Häuser: Expert opinion finds severe damage to the building fabric. (No longer available online.) City of Hamburg, June 13, 2013, archived from the original on December 24, 2013 ; Retrieved December 21, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hamburg.de
  16. ↑ Esso high-rise buildings: Summary presentation of the current report results. (PDF) (No longer available online.) City of Hamburg, June 12, 2013, archived from the original on December 28, 2013 ; Retrieved December 21, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hamburg.de
  17. ↑ About superfluous reports and bad planning. Norddeutscher Rundfunk, October 17, 2013, archived from the original on October 20, 2013 ; Retrieved December 21, 2013 .
  18. ↑ Esso houses: underground parking is now closed, Abendblatt.de, June 14, 2013.
  19. ↑ Esso houses uninhabitable. (No longer available online.) City of Hamburg, December 16, 2013, archived from the original on December 24, 2013 ; Retrieved December 21, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hamburg.de
  20. ↑ Save the mess! zeit.de, December 19, 2013, accessed December 27, 2013.
  21. ↑ Denis Fengler: Tenants of the "Esso houses" raise serious allegations. In: The world. December 19, 2013, accessed December 21, 2013 .
  22. ↑ Isabella David: Danger of collapse: Nightly evacuation of the Esso houses hh-mittendrin.de, December 14, 2013, accessed on December 26, 2013.
  23. ↑ "Esso high-rise buildings: the demolition excavators will soon be coming to Spielbudenplatz" , mopo.de of October 17, 2013.
  24. ↑ "evidence found: Esso houses have really wavered" , abendblatt.de of 18 October, 2013.
  25. ↑ Initiative Esso-Häuser shows Investor , abendblatt.de of October 18, 2013.
  26. ↑ Esso Initiative: “Super Gau for Housing Policy ” , mopo.de of October 18, 2013.
  27. ↑ Esso houses: residents demand the right of return , mobil.abendblatt.de of October 19, 2013.
  28. ↑ Geisterbau: Esso houses are almost completely cleared welt.de, January 17, 2014.
  29. ^ "Esso -häuser": tenants, media, movers ( memento from January 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) ndr.de, January 7, 2014.
  30. ↑ Esso houses are to be demolished at the beginning of February mobil.abendblatt.de, January 21, 2014.
  31. ↑ Initiative Eso-Häuser expresses doubts about the condition of the buildings hh-mittendrin.de, January 28, 2014.
  32. ↑ The demolition of Germany's most famous gas stations has begun, Abendblatt.de, February 12, 2014.
  33. ^ Demonstration against the demolition of the Esso houses. Retrieved February 7, 2019 .
  34. ↑ Prominent support for the Esso houses in: hh-mittendrin.de of June 10, 2013.
  35. ↑ Expert opinion: Construction defects in Esso houses ( Memento from June 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) in: ndr.de from June 12, 2013.
  36. ^ Anger and despair at the Reeperbahn in Hamburg tagesspiegel.de, December 16, 2013.
  37. ^ A b H. Meyer, T. Sönder, J. Wilkens: Now structural engineers are checking the Esso houses. In: Bild.de. December 16, 2013, accessed December 16, 2013 .
  38. ^ "Rote Flora": Riots at the demonstration in Hamburg. N24 Gesellschaft für Nachrichten und Zeitgeschehen mbH, December 21, 2013, accessed on December 22, 2013 .
  39. ↑ Jörn Lauterbach, Günther Lachmann: Leisure time pleasure of psychopaths. In: The world. December 23, 2013, accessed December 26, 2013 .
  40. ↑ Anger and Despair at the Reeperbahn in Hamburg tagesspiegel.de, December 16, 2013, accessed on December 28, 2013.
  41. ↑ Heavy riots in Hamburg. In: The world. December 22, 2013, accessed December 26, 2013 .
  42. ^ Demonstration escalated - criticism of rioters, politicians and police after riots , (fee required), Hamburger Abendblatt, December 22, 2013.
  43. ^ "Rote Flora": Riots at the demonstration in Hamburg. N24 Gesellschaft für Nachrichten und Zeitgeschehen mbH, December 21, 2013, accessed on December 22, 2013 .
  44. ↑ Jörn Lauterbach, Günther Lachmann: Leisure time pleasure of psychopaths. In: The world. December 23, 2013, accessed December 26, 2013 .
  45. ^ "Brush-Mob": Noise demo on the danger island mopo.de, January 11, 2014.
  46. ^ Thousands during a peaceful protest march through the city in: mobil.abendblatt.de from January 18, 2014.
  47. ↑ Esso-Hauser: Creative protest when moving out in: hh-mittendrin.de from January 12, 2014.
  48. ↑ Event flyer : “District assembly. What will happen to St. Pauli? What will happen to the Esso-Häuser site? Make St. Pauli yourself! ” In: ipernity.com. Retrieved February 8, 2013 .
  49. ↑ HH-Mittendrin to the resolution of the district assembly. In: twitter.com. Retrieved February 8, 2013 .
  50. ↑ HH-Mittendrin on the resolution of the district assembly, continued. In: twitter.com. Retrieved February 8, 2013 .
  51. ↑ Esso-Häuser: Injured protester at a vigil ( Memento from February 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) in: hh-mittendrin.de from February 24, 2014.
  52. ↑ Demolition permit for Esso houses granted in mopo.de on January 21, 2014, accessed on January 24, 2014.
  53. ^ Demolition of the Esso houses - clubs call for help in mobil.abendblatt.de of January 21, 2014, accessed on January 24, 2014.
  54. ↑ Advertisement board is now also coming off , photo tweet from Twitter user Maximilian_M from January 23, 2014.
  55. ↑ Dismantling the electronic advertising wall , photo by Lukasch on Flickr from January 23, 2014, accessed on January 24, 2014.
  56. ↑ Geisterbau: “Esso houses” are almost completely empty - fewer than ten tenants still have to get some things out of the buildings in mobil.abendblatt.de from January 17, 2014, accessed on January 24, 2014.
  57. ↑ Breaking news: The demolition of the Esso houses was initiated in hh-mittendrin.de on February 12, 2014.
  58. ↑ Esso-Häuser: Bagger flattens the Kiez-Tanke in mopo.de from February 12, 2014.
  59. ↑ Esso houses: New building uncertain in welt.de of March 14, 2014.
  60. ↑ Demolition of the “Esso houses” started ( Memento from May 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) in ndr.de from May 7, 2014.
  61. ^ "Esso houses" are being torn down ( Memento from May 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) in ndr.de from May 22, 2014.
  62. ↑ Courage to the gap in: taz.de from February 20, 2014.
  63. ^ Scandal about the Esso houses in: bild.de from March 6, 2014.
  64. ↑ "Esso-Häuser": Investor commitment pleased district ( Memento from May 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) in: ndr.de from May 23, 2014.
  65. ↑ Katharina Wischmann: Urban Visuality and Materiality . Ed .: Katharina Wischmann. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-14554-5 , p. 271 .
  66. ↑ plan Bude: Introduction. In: PlanBude.de. PlanBude Aussen GbR, 2017, accessed on March 18, 2018 .
  67. ↑ Norika Rehfeld: Plan the appropriation of space in a participatory way . In: Thomas E. Hauck, Stefanie Hennecke, Stefan Körner (eds.): Appropriation of urban open spaces . transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2017, ISBN 978-3-8394-3686-8 , p. 209 .
  68. ^ AG Planning, We call it PlanBude , April 2014
  69. ↑ "Esso houses": PlanBude collects suggestions ( memento from July 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) in: ndr.de from July 22, 2014.
  70. ↑ PlanBude: PlanBude . In: Anh-Linh Ngo, Nikolaus Kuhnert (Ed.): Arch + . Project Bauhaus 1: Can design change society ?, No. 222 . ARCH + Verlag GmbH, Aachen March 30, 2016, p. 77-80 .
  71. ↑ Annekatrin Fessler: caviar dreams against freedom. In: The Standard. STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Vienna, September 10, 2014, accessed on March 18, 2018 .
  72. ^ Dietrich Heißenbüttel: Learn from St. Pauli. In: KONTEXT: weekly newspaper. KONTEXT: Association for holistic journalism e. V., July 22, 2015, accessed on March 18, 2018 .
  73. ↑ Stefanie Lockood: Design Display: Design and Democracy - Planbude / Blockchain. In: e-flux architecture. e-flux, July 17, 2017, accessed on March 18, 2018 .
  74. ↑ ID / Bayerische Hausbau GmbH & Co.KG: Key data paper of the sponsors Bayerische Hausbau GmbH & Co.KG and the district office of Hamburg Mitte in agreement with the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg Guidelines for the urban development competition Spielbudenplatz HH as a result of the coordination with the district and public participation. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Sitzungsdienst Hamburg-Mitte. Bayerische Hausbau GmbH & Co.KG, District Office Hamburg Mitte, May 18, 2015, formerly in the original ; accessed on March 18, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / Sitzungsdienst-hamburg-mitte.hamburg.de  
  75. ↑ plan Bude: St. Pauli code. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Sitzungsdienst Hamburg Mitte. PlanBude Aussen GbR, 2015, formerly in the original ; accessed on March 18, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / Sitzungsdienst-hamburg-mitte.hamburg.de  
  76. ↑ Judith Pape: Esso -häuser: The building is made with “St. Pauli Code ". In: NDR.de. Retrieved October 4, 2016 .
  77. ↑ Citizen participation: the Esso-Hauser area becomes the Paloma quarter. In: Property-Magazine. Retrieved May 31, 2017 .
  78. ↑ Thomas Vorreyer: New album of the Goldene Zitronen is coming in autumn. (No longer available online.) In: Spex. July 2, 2013, archived from the original on January 16, 2014 ; accessed on January 16, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spex.de
  79. ↑ SOS St. Pauli: "Echohäuser" the song for the preservation of the ESSO houses! , accessed January 15, 2014.
  80. ↑ Buy Buy St. Pauli: The moving film about the Esso houses , in Hamburger Abendblatt , October 31, 2014, accessed on October 9, 2017
  81. ^ Social kitsch, but real , Piegsa, Oskar in: Die Zeit , November 2, 2014, accessed on October 9, 2017
  82. ↑ Esso Homes Echo
  83. ↑ Fire extinguisher TV: esso houses requiem on YouTube , 2014, accessed on March 18, 2018.

Coordinates: 53 ° 32 ′ 57.6 "  N , 9 ° 57 ′ 56.8"  E