Ethanethiol

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ethanethiol
other names	Ethyl mercaptan Mercaptoethane
Molecular formula	C 2 H 6 S
Brief description	colorless liquid with a penetrating to pungent odor
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 75-08-1 EC number 200-837-3 ECHA InfoCard 100,000,762 PubChem 6343 Wikidata Q407918
properties
Molar mass	62.14 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.84 g cm −3
Melting point	−148 ° C
boiling point	35 ° C
Vapor pressure	576 h Pa (20 ° C)
solubility	bad in water
Refractive index	1.4310 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary danger H and P phrases H: 224-302-332-410 P: 210-261-301 + 312 + 330-370 + 378-403 + 235
MAK	DFG / Switzerland: 0.5 ml m −3 or 1.3 mg m −3
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−73.6 kJ / mol
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Ethanethiol , also called ethyl mercaptan , is a chemical compound . It is not to be confused with mercaptoethanol .

properties

Ethanethiol is an extremely foul-smelling liquid (which is why it is in the Guinness Book of Records ) with a melting point of −148 ° C and a boiling point of 35 ° C. Ethanethiol is soluble in organic solvents, but practically insoluble in water . The substance is highly hazardous to water. Like all thiols , ethanethiol is a weak acid.

Occurrence and manufacture

Ethanethiol can be found in petroleum and coal tar , from which it is removed by passing it over platinum in the presence of hydrogen ( desulphurization ). Ethanethiol is also found in the durian fruit , which is native to Southeast Asia , and is responsible for its characteristic odor.

Ethanethiol is obtained synthetically in the manner typical for thiols.

use

Ethanethiol is used as an odorant , for example by adding liquid gas to detect leaks - even the smallest ethanethiol concentrations can be smelled. The perception threshold for humans is around 1 mg / t (0.001 ppm ). Ethanethiol also serves as an intermediate for organic synthesis.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Entry on ethanethiol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-232.
3. ↑ Entry on Ethanethiol in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
4. ↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values ​​- current MAK and BAT values (search for 75-08-1 or ethanethiol ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
5. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-23.
6. ↑ The stink secret of the durian fruit revealed - Wissenschaft.de . In: Wissenschaft.de . March 2, 2020 ( Wissenschaft.de [accessed March 3, 2020]).
7. ↑ Torsten Schmiermund: The chemical knowledge for the fire brigade , Springer Spectrum, ISBN 978-3-662-56605-3 , p. 585.