Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming

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Eugenius Warming.

Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming , called Eugen Warming, (born November 3, 1841 in Mandö , Denmark , † April 2, 1924 in Copenhagen ) was a Danish botanist and university professor. Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Warm. "

Life

Warming studied natural sciences at the University of Copenhagen from 1859 . From 1863 to 1866 he was secretary to the Danish zoologist Peter Wilhelm Lund in Lagoa Santa ( Brazil ) and traveled with him on the tropical savannas of Brazil. In 1867 he began studying botany at the University of Munich , and from 1871 he studied microscopic methods with Johannes von Hanstein at the University of Bonn . There he was promoted to Dr. phil. PhD.

In 1875 Warming received an extraordinary professorship at the University of Copenhagen and in 1882 took over the chair of botany at the University of Stockholm ( Sweden ). In 1884 he was a member of the Fylla expedition to West Greenland , later he undertook numerous other research trips. In 1888 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . From 1886 to 1911 Warming was a full professor of botany and director of the Botanical Garden in Copenhagen . In 1914 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Works

His work Plantesamfund (1895), written in Danish , was translated into German in 1896 as a textbook on ecological plant geography. An introduction to the knowledge of the plant associations and 1909 in English as Oecology of Plants. An introduction to the study of plant communities . Warming sees the task of ecological plant geography as "investigating the associations that occur in nature, which usually contain many species with extremely different forms of life".

“Certain species join together in natural associations; H. to those associations which we encounter with the same composition of life forms and with the same outward appearance. Examples of plant associations are a meadow in Denmark or in Northern Germany with all its grasses and perennials, or a beech forest on Zealand. "Further:" The ecological plant geography should give an account of which natural associations occur, which housekeeping characterizes them and why species with different Housekeeping can be as closely related as it often is. It must therefore be based on an understanding of the physical and other characteristics of the locations. ”(Warming 1896, p. 7).

“It must be added that the various clubs are of course almost never sharply demarcated from one another. Just as there are gradual transitions in soil, moisture and other living conditions, so there are also transitions between the plant associations. ”(P. 8).

The translation of his textbook under the name Ecology of Plants had a decisive influence on the further development of plant ecology in English-speaking countries.

Further works (selection):

  • Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam ... 1867–1893
  • Handboog i the systematic botany . 1879, 4th edition 1929, German 1890, 4th edition 1929, English 1895.
  • Botany of the Færöes ... 1901-1908.

Honors

Warming was a member of numerous scientific societies . The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded him the Linné Medal in gold in 1922. He was the recipient of the Danish Gold Medal of Merit (1918), the Dannebrogsmänner Badge of Honor (1890) and the Dannebrog Order (Knight 1888, Commander 1st Class 1907, Commander 2nd Class 1911).

Cape Warming in East Greenland and Warming Land in North Greenland are named after Eugen Warming.

The plant genus Warmingia Engl. From the sumac family (Anacardiaceae) is named after Warming .

Web links

Commons : Eugen Warming  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 252.
  2. ↑ Walter Erhardt among others: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2, page 2077. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
  3. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Warming, Johannes Eugenius Bülow
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Danish botanist
DATE OF BIRTH November 3, 1841
PLACE OF BIRTH Mandö , Denmark
DATE OF DEATH April 2, 1924
Place of death Copenhagen