Evangelical Church (Sterzhausen)

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Church in Sterzhausen from the south
Church from the northeast

The Evangelical Church in Sterzhausen , a district of Lahntal in the Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf , is an early Gothic choir tower church from around 1200, whose nave was replaced in 1836 in the classicism style . The listed church is the oldest building and landmark of the place.

history

In 1344, a chapel is recorded when it came to the occupation of the pastor's office. In 1383 the pastor from neighboring Caldern also provided the chapel in Sterzhausen. The church was dedicated to St. Consecrated to Anthony . At the end of the Middle Ages, Sterzhausen was part of the Schönstadt district and the Deanery Christenberg in the Archdeaconate of St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz .

Sterzhausen had no branch churches either in the pre-Reformation or in the post-Reformation period. With the introduction of the Reformation , Sterzhausen became Protestant in 1526. Hermann Wagner (Curulius) was the first Lutheran pastor from 1526 to 1550. In 1577 Sterzhausen was a parish and had the patronage of the Schutzbar called Milchling . In 1606 there was a change to the Reformed creed and around 1624 a return to the Lutheran one. After the Thirty Years' War, the parish of Goßfelden was supplied (1649–1669). In the 19th century Sterzhausen was connected to Caldern by the parish office for some time (1813-1820 and 1842-1890).

After a fire destroyed the church at the beginning of the 19th century, today's hall was built in 1836 according to a design by the master builder Nikolaus Erdmann Arend. In 1827 Arend laid out the "ailments of the church" which were to be repaired in 1833. In the following year, due to the financial situation, a new building made of wood was considered. On June 12, 1834, Arend submitted a design for a stone building. The work was put out to tender and contracted out in 1835 while the community persisted in repairs. The foundation stone was laid on May 1, 1836.

During a renovation in 1962, wall paintings were exposed in the tower hall. In the course of an interior renovation in 2017/2018, the galleries were painted white on the long sides, the walls in the ship were newly plastered and the floor was renewed.

The Evangelical Lutheran parish Sterzhausen-Caldern belongs to the parish of Marburg in the Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck in the church district (deanery) Kirchhain .

architecture

North side of the church
Ribbed vault in the tower

The roughly (81 °) east- facing church is built in the north of the village and consists of two structures, a medieval choir tower and a classical hall church.

The lower storeys of the solidly walled up, undivided tower date from the 13th century and the core is believed to go back to a Romanesque chapel; the oldest beam in the tower dates from 1246. The special plaster on the east side of the tower and some of the wall paintings inside also date from the 13th century. The upper floor protrudes slightly over a surrounding cornice and has gargoyles at the corners . An open, crenellated slab with loopholes originally formed the upper end. Today a slated hipped roof covers the passage, on which four military guards from the 15th century are placed. In the Middle Ages, the only access on the west side of the tower was secured by a heavy door and only accessible from the ship. The bell chamber houses a triple bell. The big bell was replaced after the Second World War. Two other bells date from the 14th century. One is dedicated to Mary, the other to St. Anthony, the namesake of the church. The three narrow pointed arched windows on the ground floor and the three pointed arched openings below the cornice were broken into in Gothic times. Erhardt Klonk designed the eastern choir window in 1963 based on motifs from the parable of the clever and foolish virgins .

The three-axis hall church made of unplastered quarry stone masonry with corner blocks is covered by a flat hipped roof. The nave without the choir is 13.59 meters long, 9.41 meters wide and 6.43 meters high. It is illuminated in the lower area of ​​the north side by three and on the south side by two almost square windows with walls made of red sandstone. Three semicircular thermal bath windows are let into each of the long sides above these windows . Both levels are divided by a surrounding coffin cornice. The west gable side has no windows. Rectangular sandstone portals on the south and west sides open up the church and give the church a symmetrical appearance thanks to its central position.

Interior

Medieval wall painting on the east wall
View towards the west gallery
View into the choir room

The ribbed vault in the choir was only drawn in in the 14th or 15th century. The ribs reach the floor and end in a painted keystone . Late Romanesque and early Gothic paintings can be seen on the walls, dating from the 13th and 14th centuries. Century, including consecration crosses and black cocktail feathers. To the left of the east window, Christ as judge is depicted in the mandorla in pale green colors (first half of the 13th century). An older image of Christ is suspected to be below this. Ten stars flank a cross above the east window. In the south and north walls of the tower hall, wide choir niches are set above the floor, each flanked by two columns with ornamented capitals from the end of the 12th century. The two capitals in the south have tendril motifs, the eastern one also has a mask, in the north they are designed as a dragon capital and cube capital with shield. Such choir niches are rare individual cases in the region and find motivic parallels in the Alsatian area. Two square sacrament niches with iron-clad wooden doors are found in the north wall, two square niches in the east wall and a pointed arch niche in the south wall. A large pointed arched choir arch with fighters and red square painting opens the tower hall to the nave. The floor of both structures is covered with red sandstone slabs.

The interior of the hall church is presented today in a noble white. The flat slab is supported by two longitudinal beams. They rest on square oak pillars that include the wooden, three-sided gallery. The gallery from around 1720 was taken over from the previous building. It bears parapet paintings in the coffered panels, which have been painted over white on the long sides. The west gallery serves as the installation site for the organ. Its parapet shows four apostles, two panels with ornamental paintings and, on the far left, Luther with the swan .

The round wooden pulpit is placed in the north-east corner of the ship on a high octagonal column in front of the choir arch. It has simple, rectangular fillings. Gold-plated balls are placed on the quarter-circle-shaped sound cover. A parsonage under the north gallery allows access to the pulpit from behind. The bricked-up block altar has an overhanging plate and is raised by one step. The cup-shaped baptismal font made of red sandstone from 1958 is placed on the southern side of the choir arch. The church stalls leave a central aisle free.

organ

Baroque organ from 1734
View of the gaming table

The organ was built by the organ builder Johann Dietrich Schröder from Marburg in 1734. The seven-axis prospect has a polygonal central tower, which is flanked by rectangular fields at the same height and connected to them by a joint, profiled cornice. Two low flat fields lead over to the pointed towers on the outside. Gilded carved acanthus closes the pipe fields at the top and forms the lateral blind wings. After several modifications, Schröder's baroque case and two to three registers have been preserved. The color of the housing was redesigned as part of the last interior renovation of the church in 2017/2018. The instrument has ten registers on a manual and pedal . The actions are carried out with mechanical sliding chests. The organ has the following disposition :

Manual C – c 3
Dumped 8th'
Quintathön 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Quinta 3 ′
Octave 2 ′
Tertia from b 0 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture III 1'
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Principal bass 8th'

literature

  • Günter E. Th. Bezzenberger: Worth seeing churches in the church areas of Hesse and Nassau and Kurhessen-Waldeck, including the Rhine-Hessian church districts of Wetzlar and Braunfels. Evangelical Press Association, Kassel 1987, p. 103.
  • Wilhelm Classen: The church organization of old Hesse in the Middle Ages including an outline of the modern development. Elwert, Marburg 1929, p. 122.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , pp. 860-861.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Pastor and schoolmaster book for the acquired lands and the lost territories (= Hassia sacra. Vol. 7). Self-published, Darmstadt 1933, pp. 324-325.
  • Felicitas Janson: Romanesque church buildings in the Rhine-Main area and in Upper Hesse. A contribution to Upper Rhine architecture (= sources and research on Hessian history. Vol. 97). Self-published by the Hessian Historical Commission Darmstadt and the Historical Commission for Hesse, Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-88443-186-2 , pp. 185-186.
  • Armin Wiegand: More than simple. Classicism and round arch style using the example of the churches in Kurhessen and Waldeck . Theiss, Stuttgart 2017, ISBN 978-3-8062-3652-1 .

Web links

Commons : Evangelische Kirche Sterzhausen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Classen: The church organization of Old Hesse in the Middle Ages. 1929, p. 122.
  2. ^ Wilhelm Diehl : Pastor and schoolmaster book for the acquired lands and the lost territories (= Hassia sacra. Vol. 7). Self-published, Darmstadt 1933, p. 324.
  3. ↑ Sterzhausen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on October 13, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 860.
  5. ↑ a b c d Wiegand: More than “simple”! 2017, p. 266.
  6. ↑ Kirchhain church district: Protestant parish Sterzhausen-Caldern , accessed on December 31, 2018.
  7. ↑ Kirchhain Church District - Ev. Sterzhausen church. In: kirchenkreis-kirchhain.de. Retrieved October 26, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Janson: Romanesque church buildings in the Rhine-Main area and in Upper Hesse. 1994, p. 36.
  9. ↑ a b c Bezzenberger: churches worth seeing. 1987, p. 103.
  10. ↑ Wiegand: More than "simple"! 2017, p. 265.
  11. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 861.
  12. ↑ Janson: Romanesque church buildings in the Rhine-Main area and in Upper Hesse. 1994, pp. 60, 89, 177.
  13. ^ Organ in Sterzhausen , accessed on October 6, 2018.

Coordinates: 50 ° 51 '50.17 "  N , 8 ° 42' 15.86"  E