Evangelical Church Dorlar

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View from the north
South side
The choir as it has existed since 1930

The Evangelical Church in Dorlar in the Lahn-Dill district ( Central Hesse ) is the former monastery church of the Dorlar monastery . The Hessian cultural monument from the Romano-Gothic transition period between 1220 and 1250 is one of the oldest Gothic churches in Germany. The hall church with three-eighth closure and hooded ridge today belongs to the Protestant parish of Atzbach-Dorlar.

history

Today's church had at least three previous buildings from the Carolingian and Ottonian times. Archaeological evidence is a first church from the middle of the 8th century with a semicircular choir, which was built over a cemetery from the Frankish times. Around 800 it was replaced by a new building on the same floor plan. A Romanesque basilica with a rectangular choir from around 1000 was destroyed in 1218 and rebuilt after 1220 in the Romano-Gothic transition style. This own church was first mentioned in a document in 1257/1258, when Naunheim and Waldgirmes were to be incorporated as branches. A miraculous statue of the Virgin Mary that came to the Koblenz Jesuit Church in 1617 led to a small pilgrimage from the 13th century.

The year 1297 was significant for the further development when Eberhard von Merenberg , a canon of Speyer, gave the church and patronage to his sister-in-law Gertrud von Merenberg and the Premonstratensian monastery was founded. The church received its polygonal end and partially served the Merenbergers as a burial place. In 1304 the monastery was opened and the village church was elevated to a monastery church. Gertrud and her son Hartrad, a Wetzlar cathedral provost, bequeathed it to the Dorlar monastery in the same year. The church was dedicated to Mary. The parish, which included a chapel in Atzbach, is first mentioned in 1337. When the monastery was dissolved in 1437 for economic reasons and converted into a monastery for the Premonstratensian choirs , the church was rebuilt and the nave and choir were vaulted. 1497 and 1544 Naunheim and Waldgirmes are mentioned as belonging to the parish . Ecclesiastically Dorlar was in the Middle Ages send district and the Archipresbyterat Wetzlar and Archidiakonat St. Lubentius Dietkirchen in the diocese of Trier .

With the introduction of the Reformation , Dorlar joined the Augsburg Confession in 1530 . The church was sold to Johann von Buseck on March 17, 1532 for 2300 guilders and the monastery was closed. One of the three last remaining monks named Wilhelm Agricola / Ackermann became the first pastor of the new Lutheran faith and is documented in 1546. Until 1604/1610 Dorlar was the mother church of Atzbach, Naunheim and Waldgirmes.

During an interior renovation in 1816, the church received its current fittings. Another interior renovation in 1930 led to the removal of the rood screen , the relocation of the pulpit to the northern choir arch and the relocation of the organ from the choir to the western gallery. During the last renovation between 1985 and 1987, a ring anchor was placed around the outside of the building as a safety measure. The two steel bells of the Bochumer Verein , which were hung in 1917 in place of the bells from 1466 (Johann Bruwiller?) And 1633 (Georg Schernbein), were replaced by new bronze bells in 2013.

The evangelical parishes of Dorlar and Atzbach are connected by parish offices and belong to the Evangelical Church District on Lahn and Dill in the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .

architecture

Choir extension (around 1300)

The geostete church stands on the northern banks of the Lahn. In the north and south there is the churchyard, the surrounding walls of which have been completely preserved.

The single-nave, three-bay nave is structured in the south and north by four stepped buttresses . Three larger lancet windows with tracery in the south and three smaller tracery windows in the north from the early Gothic period illuminate the interior. On the inside, the tracery is designed in a late Gothic style, which in this two-shell production method has no parallel in the wide area. The late Gothic iron fittings have been preserved at the north portal. The church is accessed in the west through a modern portal. The groin vaults have belt arches over consoles. A baroque, octagonal roof turret with a six-sided lantern from 1901 rises above the east gable . Since 2013, it has housed two Rincker bells on the tones c sharp 1 and e 1 weighing 260 and 200 kg. The door leaf of the north portal has late Gothic fittings. The west portal was designed in 1816.

The three-eighths of the 13th century is drawn in and lower than the ship. The ridge vault rests on circular services. An early Gothic arch opens the slightly raised choir to the nave. Three late Gothic tracery windows illuminate the interior. The eastern choir window was designed in 1930 by Hans Achenbach from Siegen and executed by J. Wiegmann. The Christmas window shows the Adoration of the Shepherds . In 1987 Erhardt Jakobus Klonk, son of Erhardt Klonk , from Oberrosphe designed the window at the old south entrance with a representation of the Whitsun festival.

Furnishing

Baroque ceiling painting from 1656. Left of the center of the picture is a head of Christ
Wall tabernacle from 1463 on the north side in the choir

The interior in the nave is spanned by a groin vault made of profiled belt ribs, which rests on consoles and was created in 1437. The baroque ceiling painting from 1656, which was uncovered during the last renovation, shows tendrils of flowers that enclose a picture with the head of Christ on the Veronica's handkerchief, from which rays of sun emanate. The colored Renaissance - version of the chancel was built around the 1665th

The three-sided gallery from 1816 rests on round pillars with foliage consoles and serves as a location for the organ in the west. Remains of a fresco can be seen below the north gallery, probably depicting St. Christophorus shows. The simple, coffered parapet shows no paintings. The oldest inventory item is the Romanesque baptismal font made of Lungstein in the south-east corner, which was designed before 1190 and is decorated with a horseshoe frieze. In the north side of the choir there is a finely crafted late Gothic wall tabernacle from 1463 with tracery and a keel-arched opening with the original lattice door. It is a foundation of the mother monastery in Rommersdorf .

The block altar made of colorful rubble stones is covered by a sandstone slab. The bulbous, octagonal pulpit with a classical sound cover is still in the baroque tradition and originally formed a pulpit altar together with the organ front. The pulpit is decorated with small volutes . The pine cone under the basket symbolizes fertility. The octagonal sound cover is decorated with cords and tendrils and a crowning golden ball. The red color of the pulpit is original.

A red sandstone tombstone commemorates Pastor Friedrich Rotenberger († 1699).

organ

The organ built Friedrich Eichler from Darmstadt in 1987 behind the historic, five-part prospectus , the original shape and color version were reconstructed. The elevated, pointed central tower is flanked by two flat fields, which are joined by two pointed towers on the outside. The instrument has 16 registers with a total of 945 pipes . The disposition is as follows:

organ
I main work C–
Bourdon 8th'
Viol 8th'
Praestant 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Flageolet 2 ′
Mixture IV
Trumpet 8th'
II Echowerk C–
Dumped 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
octave 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Cromorne 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Sub bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Choral bass 16 ′

literature

  • Friedrich Kilian Abicht: The district of Wetzlar, presented historically, statistically and topographically. Volume 2. Wigand, Wetzlar 1836, pp. 25-26 ( online ).
  • Günter E. Th. Bezzenberger: Worth seeing churches in the church areas of Hesse and Nassau and Kurhessen-Waldeck, including the Rhine-Hessian church districts of Wetzlar and Braunfels. Evangelical Press Association, Kassel 1987, p. 162.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , pp. 182-183.
  • Friedrich Eichler: The organ of the former monastery church in Dorlar Ev. Parish, Dorlar 1987.
  • Ev. Parish Dorlar (ed.): Festive and thank-you note from the Evangelical Parish Dorlar on the reopening of the renovated old monastery church on August 30, 1987. Ev. Parish, Dorlar 1987.
  • Franz Ewert (Ed.): Lahnau. 25 years of the community of Lahnau 1979–2004. Vol. 1. Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV, Lahnau 2003.
  • Franz Ewert: When was the church in Dorlar built? In: Local history study group Lahntal. No. 1, 1977/78, pp. 48-49.
  • Albert Hardt: Document book of the monasteries Altenberg (Lahn-Dill-Kreis), Dorlar (Lahn-Dill-Kreis), Retters (Main-Taunus-Kreis). Self-published by Hardt, Niederbreitbach-Wolfenacker 2000.
  • Ernst Heider: The history of the Dorlar monastery. In: Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV (Ed.): Lahnau in old pictures. Atzbach, Dorlar, Waldgirmes. Vol. 4. Meinerzhagener Druck- und Verlags-Haus, Meinerzhagen 1997, pp. 11-48.
  • Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV (Ed.): Lahnau, 2000 years of settlement history. Atzbach, Dorlar, Waldgirmes. Local history working group Lahntal eV, Lahnau 2003.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 195.
  • State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.), Maria Wenzel (Ed.): Cultural monuments in Hessen. Lahn-Dill District II (old district of Wetzlar). (Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany). Theiss, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 978-3-8062-1652-3 , pp. 377-378.
  • Focko Weberling: The Protestant Church in Dorlar. In: Werner Brandl: Churches of the community Lahnau. (= Small Art Guide; 2516 ). Schnell & Steiner Verlag, Regensburg 2002, ISBN 3-7954-6429-3 , pp. 8-18.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Dorlar  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Evangelical Parish Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse
  2. ↑ Ewert: When was the church in Dorlar built? 1978, p. 49.
  3. ↑ a b Weberling: The Protestant Church in Dorlar. 2002, p. 14.
  4. ^ Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV (Ed.): Lahnau, 2000 years of settlement history. 2003, p. 48.
  5. ^ Weberling: The Protestant Church in Dorlar. 2002, p. 13.
  6. ↑ a b Homepage of the parish: The Evangelical Church in Dorlar , accessed on June 5, 2016.
  7. ^ Weberling: The Protestant Church in Dorlar. 2002, p. 10.
  8. ↑ Dorlar. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 5, 2016 .
  9. ↑ Kleinfeldt, Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. 1937, p. 195.
  10. ↑ Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV (Ed.): Lahnau in alten Blettildern. Vol. 4. 1997, pp. 20, 41.
  11. ^ Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal eV (Ed.): Lahnau, 2000 years of settlement history. 2003, p. 49.
  12. ↑ a b Bezzenberger: churches worth seeing. 1987, p. 162.
  13. ^ Frank Rudolph: 200 years of evangelical life. Wetzlar's church history in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tectum, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8288-9950-6 , p. 27.
  14. ↑ Wenceslaus; State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (Ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. Lahn-Dill-Kreis II. 2003, p. 377.
  15. ↑ Wetzlarer Neue Zeitung of November 30, 2013: Dorlar bells are cast , accessed on August 10, 2016.
  16. ↑ a b Wenceslaus; State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (Ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. Lahn-Dill-Kreis II. 2003, p. 378.
  17. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 182.
  18. ↑ a b c Weberling: The Protestant Church in Dorlar. 2002, p. 16.
  19. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 183.
  20. ↑ Abicht: The district of Wetzlar, presented historically, statistically and topographically. 1836, p. 25 ( online ).
  21. ^ OrganIndex: Orgel in Dorlar , accessed on June 5, 2016.

Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 31.7 "  N , 8 ° 33 ′ 48.4"  E