Evangelical town church (Wiesloch)
The Evangelical City Church is the church of the Petrusgemeinde in Wiesloch in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in the north-west of Baden-Württemberg . The church stands on foundations from the 11th century. The oldest components are the tower base and the Gothic choir . The nave has been expanded several times over the years and the interior has been redesigned many times. The church has had its present simple interior since the last extensive renovation in 2001.
history
The origins of the Wiesloch town church lie in the dark of history. For a long time, older research assumed that there was a first local church on the square of the church as early as 700. However, recent research believes that today's town center only emerged with the intensification of mining in the 10th century around Wiesloch Castle , as there are no archaeological finds in the city center before this time. The first documentary mention dates back to around 1071, when Bishop Gundekar II of Eichstätt consecrated a church in Wizzenloch . This church was probably a three-aisled Romanesque pillar basilica , the foundations of which were found under today's church. In 1077, King Heinrich IV had over 100 of his opponents, who had resisted him in the fight against Rudolf von Rheinfelden , locked up in the church of Wizinloch and set fire to the church. The church was rebuilt with a single nave and has undergone several structural changes over the centuries.
The Gothic choir and a first extension of the nave were probably built before 1428, as Schwarz-Reinhard von Sickingen donated a George and Sebastian altar with corresponding benefices in that year . The nave was expanded again to the north in the 16th or 17th century.
Elector Ottheinrich led the Reformation in the Electoral Palatinate in 1556 . Then Wiesloch took part in all denomination changes in the Palatinate, mostly between Lutherans and Reformed . In the Thirty Years' War and especially in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1689, the church in Wiesloch was badly damaged and was largely repaired by 1704. The sacristy in the corner of the choir and tower remained in ruins for a long time, it was only rebuilt in 1910.
In the course of the division of the Palatinate church in 1705, the church was awarded to the Reformed. The Catholics initially claimed the choir, but were then expelled from the church entirely. The Catholic community built a church for itself in 1725 on the site of the destroyed Wiesloch Castle and from 1803 then used the St. Laurentius Church built by Augustinian hermits around 1750 . The small Lutheran congregation also built its own church in 1747. In 1821 the Reformed and Lutherans united in the " United Evangelical Protestant Church in the Grand Duchy of Baden ". The Lutheran church was now abandoned, the city church remained the only Protestant church in the city.
The nave was expanded again to the west in 1773/74. The church was surrounded by a cemetery until 1780, after which the new cemetery in Gewann Paradeis was used for burials.
Various renovations took place in the middle and late 19th century. In 1842 the tower was given a new tower clock, followed by a new bell storey in 1846/47. In 1886/87 the church was renovated, with a gallery in the choir being torn down. In 1906 the entire interior was renovated and the church was given a colorful, ornamental painting. In 1910 the sacristy , which had only been in ruins since the Palatinate War of Succession, was renewed, and in 1928 the staircase to the gallery followed.
The church survived the Second World War without major damage. Shortly before the end of the war, phosphorus shells hit the church roof, but they did not start a fire.
In 1956 the outside of the church was extensively renovated. During the subsequent renovation of the interior in 1959, the painting from 1906 was removed, a new floor was laid, the gallery parapets and the pulpit were renewed. The now very simple and unadorned interior corresponded to the ideas of a preaching church at that time . A memorial for the fallen and missing of the two world wars was erected in the choir.
As part of the redesign of the church square, the church was renovated inside and outside again in 1978, with the church tower being given a new hood. 1980 moved to the Joseph cycle of David Bennet again artistic decorations in the choir.
In 2001 the church was renovated again, with the wooden fixtures from the 1950s (benches, pulpit, gallery parapets) being removed again. The gallery has been glazed since then, and the interior is only loosely seated with individual chairs.
description
architecture
The town church is centrally located in the historic center of Wiesloch. The east-facing structure has an asymmetrical floor plan. The church tower stands in the corner between the nave and the choir. The oldest parts of the building are the tower base, the choir and parts of the south wall. The Gothic choir, reinforced with buttresses, dates from the early 15th century. The coat of arms of the Lords of Sickingen is emblazoned in the tympanum of the Gothic pointed arch portal on the south side .
In the interior there is a gallery running around the west and north sides. The windows date from 1886. The central window in the choir shows Jesus flanked by Peter and Paul . In an oval window on the south side of the nave, the reformers Martin Luther and Johannes Calvin are depicted in memory of the Baden Church Union in 1821 .
organ
The organ was built in 1985 by Richard Rensch . The instrument has 29 registers on three manuals and a pedal . Around 900 of the 1,917 pipes come from Matthias Burkhard's predecessor organ from 1885 and have been integrated into the new organ.
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- Coupling : I / II, III / II, I / P, II / P
Bells
The original bell of the church was lost in the Palatinate War of Succession when the church was burned down. During the First World War, three bronze bells , the oldest of which was from 1699, were withdrawn. They were replaced in 1920 by three steel bells cast by the Bochumer Verein with the tone sequence dis' – fis' – a '( tritone motif). Due to rust and the high stress that the steel bells exerted on the tower, the community procured a new bell in 2005. The four bronze bells ring out in the Salve Regina motif .
| Surname | inscription | Ø m | kg | volume |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| peace | Glory to God on high and peace on earth | 1.40 | 1600 | d ' |
| John | Christ says: I am the vine, you are the branches | 1.10 | 1050 | fis' |
| Paul | Be joyful in hope, patient in tribulation, persistent in prayer | 0.95 | 570 | a ' |
| Christ | Nothing can separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus | 0.85 | 410 | H' |
literature
- Evangelical Church Community Wiesloch (Ed.): In the course of time - Johanneskirche Wiesloch , Wiesloch 1983.
- Ludwig H. Hildebrandt: Medieval documents about Wiesloch and Walldorf , Ubstadt-Weiher 2001.
- Rainer Laun: Rhein-Neckar-Kreis , in: Dagmar Zimdars u. a. (Ed.), Georg Dehio (Gre.): Handbook of German Art Monuments : Baden-Württemberg I. The administrative districts of Stuttgart and Karlsruhe . Munich 1993, ISBN 3-422-03024-7 .
- State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and the districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description , Bd. 2: The city of Heidelberg and the communities of the district of Heidelberg . Karlsruhe 1968.
- Martin Kares, Michael Kaufmann, Godehard Weithoff: Organ guide Rhein-Neckar-Kreis . Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-932102-07-X .
Individual evidence
- ^ Through the ages - Johanneskirche Wiesloch 1983, p. 5.
- ↑ Hildebrandt 2001, p. 110.
- ↑ Hildebrandt 2001, p. 113, No. W17.
- ↑ Hildebrandt 2001, p. 114, No. W20.
- ↑ Hildebrandt 2001, p. 137, No. W189.
- ↑ Comprehensive information about the organ (PDF)
- ↑ Rolf-Dieter Schmidt in The Bells of the Protestant City Church Wiesloch Wiesloch 1995, p. 2.
- ^ Rolf-Dieter Schmidt in The Bells of the Protestant City Church Wiesloch Wiesloch 1995, p. 3.
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 17 ′ 39.5 " N , 8 ° 41 ′ 54.4" E