Principality of Dukagjini

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Principality of Dukagjini
1387 - 1444
Coat of arms Lekë Dukagjini.png
Coat of arms of Lekë III. Dukagjini
navigation
Capital Lezha (until 1393)
Sarda (until 1444)
Head of state Prince
Pal Dukagjini (1387–1393) and Lekë Dukagjini I (1387–?)
Tanush Dukagjini (1393–1413)
Pal II Dukagjini (1413–1446)
Lekë III. Dukagjini (1446-1444)
Historic era middle Ages
founding 1387
resolution around 1479 with the capture of Shkodra by the Ottomans
map
Principality of Dukagjini, Kastrioti and Princedom of Albania in the 15th century.JPG
The principality of Dukagjini in the 15th century

The principality of Dukagjini ( Albanian  Principata e Dukagjinit ) was a principality that existed from 1387 to approx. 1479 , which in its maximum extent in the northern Albanian areas from the north-west of Upper Zadrima to Nderfandina in the north-east to the point at which the Black Drin in the White Drin flows, including the Dukagjine Plain (alb. Rrafshi i Dukagjinit) in what is now western Kosovo . However, "Dukagjin Province" was only used as a toponym in the Ottoman period and later . In the Middle Ages this region was called Pulatum (alb. Pulti) and divided into Upper Pulatum and Lower Pulatum. However, the Dukagjini are also documented in the Albanian city of Ulcinj in present-day Montenegro .

Dukagjine Plain or Metohija (yellow) within Kosovo

The political center of the Principality of Dukagjini was Lezha until 1393 when it was given to Venice under Ottoman pressure . Then the center was moved to Sarda .

When Serbia broke up after the death of Tsar Dušan (1355), the Serbian rule of the Balšić family was formed around Lezha . In 1387 the brothers Pal and Lekë Dukagjini broke away from the rule of the Balšić and made Lezha the center of the small Albanian principality of Dukagjini. It was later ruled by Pal's descendants, Tanush Dukagjini and Pal II Dukagjini .

In June 1393 the Lezha brothers ceded Venice, which held it until 1478. The inaccessible mountainous hinterland in the east remained under the control of the Dukagjini . In 1398 Tanush III., The little boy (son of Pal I) submitted to the Ottomans , but freed himself from them again in 1402 after their defeat at Ankara and the capture of Sultan Bayezid I.

The main representatives of the Dukagjini tribe in the 15th century were Pal II with his sons Lekë III. and Nikollë II. Dukagjini († 1454). Pal Dukagjini and his son Nikollë participated as vassals of Lekë Zaharia , the lord of Sati and Danja , in Skanderbeg's meeting of Lezha on March 2, 1444. Lekë III. apologized for not being able to attend the meeting. [31] After the death of Pal II (1446) Lekë took over the Dukagjini and Nikollë participated in the Albanian-Venetian War (1447-1448).

Pals II. Son, Lekë III. Dukagjini , is one of the most famous personalities in the history of Albania .

literature

  • Various authors: I Conti albanesi Ducagini a Capodistria: Castellani di San Servolo (The Albanian Counts Ducagini in Capodistria: Castellans of San Servolo) . Heset Ahmeti, Koper 2015 (Italian, online version ).
  • Edwin E. Jacques: The Albanians: an ethnic history from Prehistoric Times to the Present . McFarland & Co, Jefferson, North Carolina 1995, ISBN 0-89950-932-0 (English).
  • Hasan Kaleshi: Dukagjini . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 1. Munich 1974, pp. 444-446
  • Alain Ducellier: Dukagjini . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 3, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1986, ISBN 3-7608-8903-4 , Sp. 1442.
  • History of Albanian People . Albanian Academy of Sciences . ISBN 99927-1-623-1
  • Christian Zindel, Andreas Lippert, Bashkim Lahi, Machiel Kiel: Albania: An Archeology and Art Guide from the Stone Age to the 19th Century . Böhlau Verlag GmbH, Vienna 2018 ( online preview in the Google book search).

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Albanian-Venetian War of 1447-1448 was waged between the Venetian and Ottoman forces against the Albanians under Giorgio Castriota Skanderbeg.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Muzeu Historik Kombëtar , Tirana
  2. ^ A b c Christian Zindel, Andreas Lippert, Bashkim Lahi, Machiel Kiel: Albania: An archeology and art guide from the Stone Age to the 19th century . Böhlau Verlag GmbH, Vienna 2018, p. 509 ( online preview in Google Book Search).
  3. ↑ Albania: An Archeology and Art Guide, p. 509
  4. ↑ Edwin E. Jacques, p. 176
  5. ↑ Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës. Instituti i Historisë dhe i Gjuhësisë. Sectori i Etnografisë; Akademia e Shkencave e RPSH. Instituti i Historisë. Sectori i Etnografisë: Etnografia shqiptare . Akademia e Shkencave e RPSH, Instituti i Historisë, Branchei i Etnografisë, 1962, p. 32 (accessed on May 10, 2012).
  6. ^ Mortimer Sellers: The Rule of Law in Comparative Perspective . Springer, May 4, 2010, ISBN 978-90-481-3748-0 , p. 207 (accessed on May 10, 2012): “Dukagjini's princedom, with Lezha as its own capital city, included Zadrima, the areas in north and northeast of Shkodra and was extended in remote areas of present Serbia, having Ulpiana, near Pristina, as the second capital city. "