Felipe Carrillo Puerto (Quintana Roo)
| Felipe Carrillo Puerto | ||
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Coordinates: 19 ° 35 ′ N , 88 ° 3 ′ W Felipe Carrillo Puerto on the map of Quintana Roo
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Mexico | |
| State | Quintana Roo | |
| Municipio | Felipe Carrillo Puerto | |
| Residents | 25,744 (2010) | |
| Detailed data | ||
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Felipe Carrillo Puerto is a city in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo and the seat of the rural municipality of the same name, Felipe Carrillo Puerto . During the Caste War , the religious and political center of the Maya rebels , Chan Santa Cruz, was located here .
The city had around 25,000 inhabitants in 2010, the majority of them Maya. The municipality has about 75,000 inhabitants, the majority of whom speak Mayathan (most of them also speak Spanish ).
The city is still characterized by the surrounding agriculture and forestry and has no industry. In recent times, tourism has been gaining importance in connection with the history of the caste war . There are tour guides to the cenote where the speaking cross was once found.
history
After Mexican troops under General Ignacio Bravo took the Maya city of Chan Santa Cruz in 1901 , it was destroyed and the city and military garrison of Santa Cruz de Bravo was built in its place . President Porfirio Díaz appointed the victorious General Bravo, after whom the city was named, as military governor of the newly formed territory of Quintana Roo, based in Santa Cruz de Bravo.
The surrounding forests were developed by granting concessions to foreign corporations and building a railway from Santa Cruz de Bravo to the port of Vigía Chico (now part of the Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve ) for wood and rubber extraction. The war against the Maya guerrillas continued, but it did not succeed in completely destroying the Maya fighters (Cruzoob) . The later short-term President of Mexico, Colonel Victoriano Huerta , was also involved in these battles .
After the fall of Porfirio Díaz in the course of the Mexican Revolution , the governor General Bravo was recalled and the administrative seat of the territory was moved to Payo Obispo (now Chetumal ) in 1915 . The stolen lands of Chan Santa Cruz were returned to the Maya as ejidos in the 1920s . The city of Santa Cruz de Bravo fell into disrepair. An epidemic of smallpox led to further severe population losses among the Maya during this period.
It was not until the 1930s that the town was repopulated as the center of the wood and rubber trade and since 1932 it has borne the name of the socialist governor of the same name of Yucatán after the Mexican Revolution , Felipe Carrillo Puerto , under which the exploitation of wood and rubber was withdrawn from foreign corporations and only people residing in the region were allowed.
The changed political and socio-economic conditions finally enabled the remaining Cruzoob to conclude a peace treaty with the Mexican government in 1935 , in which the former recognized Mexican rule.
Even today, some Mayan groups in the area of the municipality of Felipe Carrillo Puerto practice the cult of the Speaking Cross , the most famous in the village of X-Cacal Guardia .