Piglet nut
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Piglet nut foliage ( Carya glabra ) |
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| ( Mill. ) Sweet |
The piglet nut ( Carya glabra ) is a large deciduous tree from the genus Hickory . The distribution area extends from eastern Canada through the eastern United States to Florida.
description
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The piglet nut is a 20 to 30 meter high tree with a gray, fine-cracked, non-peeling bark . Young twigs are reddish brown, thin, glabrous or quickly balding. The terminal buds are egg-shaped, 5 to 15 millimeters long, reddish to yellowish brown. The lateral axillary buds are protected by bracts. The leaves are 20 to 60 centimeters long and have a 3 to 14 centimeter long stem. The leaf blade is composed of five to seven, rarely only three or up to nine leaflets. The leaflets are 4 to 21 inches long and 2 to 10 inches wide. They are ovate, obovate or elliptical, pointed and serrated. The lateral leaflets have short to 2 millimeter long stems, the terminal leaflet stands on a 2 to 18 millimeter long stalk. The upper side of the leaf is glossy yellowish green and glabrous, the underside is initially weakly hairy on the main nerves. The autumn color of the leaves is bright yellow, later orange.
The male kittens are up to 13 centimeters long. The fruits are spherical to pear-shaped nuts about 2.5 centimeters in size , which are surrounded by a 2 to 5 millimeter thick fruit shell. The yellowish to reddish brown fruit shell cracks partially or to the base when ripe. The nuts are yellowish brown and thick-skinned. The seeds taste sweet or bitter.
Distribution and location
The natural range is in the east of North America and stretches from Ontario in eastern Canada over the northeast of the USA to the southeast of the USA to Florida and Texas. It is the most common species of hickory in the southern Appalachian Mountains and the Cumberland Mountains , and it does best in the Lower Ohio Basin. The piglet nut grows in species-rich forests at altitudes of up to 1460 meters on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to alkaline nutrient-rich soils in sunny locations. The species is frost hardy.
Systematics
The piglet nut ( Carya glabra ) is a species from the genus of the hickory nuts ( Carya ) in the walnut family (Juglandaceae). She is assigned to the Carya section . It was first described in 1726 by Philip Miller as Juglans glabra ( Basionym ). The species was assigned to the genus Carya in 1826 by Karl Heinrich Koch .
Carya glabra and Carya cordiformis form the hybrid Carya × demareei Palmer .
There are three varieties :
- Carya glabra var. Glabra
- Carya glabra var. Megacarpa (coffin.) Coffin. ( Synonym : Carya megacarpa coffin. ), With a smooth bark and large pear-shaped fruits, which can be found mainly along the Gulf coast .
- Carya glabra var. Odorata odorata (Marshall) Little (Synonym Carya ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. ), With flaking bark, reddish petioles and small, squeezed elliptical fruits, the fruit shell of which pops up to the base. The variety occurs mostly in higher areas.
use
Along with Carya ovata, the piglet nut is the most important American hickory species in terms of forestry. It is also used as an ornamental wood because of the beautiful autumn color .
proof
literature
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 161-162.
- Schütt, Schuck, Stimm: Lexicon of tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 99-100 .
- Steve Cafferty: Cosmos Atlas Trees of the World . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10983-0 , p. 142 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name piglet nut after Roloff et al .: Flora of the woods , Schütt et al .: Lexicon of tree and bush species and Cafferty: Kosmos-Atlas trees of the world
- ↑ a b c Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , pp. 161–162
- ↑ a b c d Carya glabra. In: Flora of North America Vol. 3. www.eFloras.org, accessed January 22, 2012 (English).
- ↑ a b Carya glabra. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 22, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Schütt et al .: Lexicon of Tree and Shrub Species , pp. 99–100
- ^ Philip Miller: Gardeners Dictionary, Edition 8, quoted from Juglans glabra. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 22, 2012 .
- ^ Robert Sweet: Sweet's Hortus Britannicus , quoted from Carya glabra. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed January 22, 2012 .
- ↑ Carya glabra var. Megacarpa . In: The Plant List. Retrieved January 22, 2012 (English).
- ↑ Carya glabra var. Odorata . In: The Plant List. Retrieved January 22, 2012 (English).
Web links
- Russell H. Burns: Silvics of North America . Volume 2: Hardwoods. In: Agriculture Handbook . United States Government Printing, Oxford 1991, ISBN 978-0-16-029260-6 ( Carya glabra ).