Fernando Sor

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Fernando Sor

Fernando Sor (baptized February 14, 1778 in Barcelona ; † July 10, 1839 in Paris ; baptized as Joseph Fernando Macari Sors ), also known in German-speaking countries under the name Ferdinand Sor , was a Spanish guitarist and composer who wrote important works for the Guitar , but with less success also created operas and ballets .

Life

Fernando Sor was born in Barcelona in 1778. When his father died in 1790, the family ran out of money to continue his music lessons from Fernando. In the following year, however, his mother was able to place him in the Montserrat monastery school , which was free and which mainly taught music. In 1795 Sor left school and began a military career in Barcelona; he attended the army school for four years, which he liked very much.

Grave of F. Sor in the Montmartre cemetery in Paris

In 1796 he wrote his first guitar pieces. His first opera, Il Telemaco nell 'isola di Calipso , was written in 1797, and a total of 15 performances were given at the Gran Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona . In 1802 Sor took over a post as land manager in Barcelona, ​​in 1804 he received a royal administrative post in Andalusia ; around this time he probably bought his guitar from Fernando Rada. In 1809, Sor took an oath on the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte , who was King of Spain at the time as Joseph I. As a result, he became the chief police superintendent of the Andalusian province of Jerez . In 1813 the French had to leave Spain. Sor followed them to Paris as a so-called Afrancesado and never returned to his homeland. He moved to London, where he was very successful as a guitarist and composer of ballet music and works for orchestra, piano, voice and guitar. His greatest success during his lifetime was the ballet Cendrillon (Cinderella), premiered in 1822 at the King's Theater . In 1823 Sor moved to Moscow. There was on January 6, 1825 a. a. The new Bolshoi Theater opens with Sors Ballet Cendrillon . He also composed the ballet Hercules et Omphale for the coronation of Tsar Nicholas I and a funeral march for the funeral ceremony of Tsar Alexander in St. Petersburg. In the fall of 1826, Sor returned to Paris. Sor was soon able to gain a foothold in France as a guitarist and composer, especially since his publisher and compatriot Salvador Castro had already published smaller guitar pieces in the Journal de musique étrangère pour la Guitare . In Paris, Sor published his Opus 48, commissioned in 1814, and his Méthode pour la Guitare in 1830 . In 1839 Sor died of tongue cancer after a long illness in Paris. His grave is on the Cimetière de Montmartre . His circle of friends included Dionisio Aguado , whom he had met in Madrid, and Napoleon Coste , with whom he performed several times.

He is known as "Schubert the guitar", "Beethoven the guitar" or "Mendelssohn the guitar". In 1902 Franz Sprenzinger published a short biography based on a text by Ernst Chand, which begins with the words: "A giant among the guitarists of all times, if not the greatest at all, was Ferdinand Sor."

Sor was married to the French ballet dancer Félicité Hullen. The marriage gave birth to a daughter, Caroline, who died in 1837.

Since February 1980 a statue by Angel Peres has been placed on his grave in the Montmartre cemetery .

Works

Guitar solo

  • Op. 1: Six Divertimentos
  • Op. 2: Six Divertimentos
  • Op. 3: Theme and Variations
  • Op. 4: Fantasia
  • Op. 5: Six petites pièces
  • Op. 6: Twelve Studies
  • Op. 7: Fantasia
  • Op. 8: Six Divertimentos
  • Op. 9: Introduzione e variazioni su l'aria "O cara armonia" (Variations on a theme by Mozart)
  • Op. 10: Troisième Fantaisie
  • Op. 11: Deux thèmes variés et douze menuets
  • Op. 12: Quatrième Fantaisie
  • Op. 13: Six Divertimentos
  • Op. 14: Sonata Grand Solo
  • Op. 15 (a): Folies d'Espagne & Minuet
  • Op. 15 (b): Sonata
  • Op. 15 (c): Thème varié
  • Op. 16: Variations on Nel cor più non mi sento
  • Op. 17: Six Waltzes
  • Op. 18: Six Waltzes
  • Op. 19: Six airs from The Magic Flute
  • Op. 20: Theme and Variations
  • Op. 21: Les Adieux
  • Op. 22: Grande Sonata
  • Op. 23: Fifth Divertissement
  • Op. 24: Huit petites pièces
  • Op. 25: Seconda Grande Sonata
  • Op. 26: Introduzione e variazioni (Variations on Que ne suis-je la fougère )
  • Op. 27: Variations on Gentil housard
  • Op. 28: Introduzione e variazioni (Variations on Malbroug
    (French folk song [[ Malbrough s'en va-t-en guerre]] ))
  • Op. 29: Twelve Studies
  • Op. 30: Septiéme Fantaisie et Variations Brillantes sur deux Airs Favoris connus (first published in 1828)
  • Op. 31:24 Leçons progressives
  • Op. 32: Six petites pièces
  • Op. 33: Trois pièces de société
  • Op. 35: 24 Exercices très utiles
  • Op. 36: Trois pièces de société
  • Op. 37: Serenade
  • Op. 40: Fantasia su un'aria scozzese (Variations on Ye banks and braes o'bonnie Doune )
  • Op. 42: Six petites pièces
  • Op. 43: Mes ennuis, six bagatelles
  • Op. 44: 24 petites pièces
  • Op. 45: Voyons si c'est ça
  • Op. 46: Souvenir d'amitié
  • Op. 47: Six petites pièces progressives
  • Op. 48: Est-ce bien ça? (including a minuet with variations)
  • Op. 50: Le calme
  • Op. 51: A la bonne heure
  • Op. 52: Fantaisie villageoise
  • Op. 54: Morceau de concert
  • Op. 56: Souvenirs d'une soirée à Berlin
  • Op. 57: Six valses et un galop
  • Op. 58: Fantasy
  • Op. 59: Fantaisie élégiaque
  • Op. 60: Introduction à l'étude de la guitare (introductory studies)

Duos

  • Op. 34: L'Encouragement
  • Op. 38: Divertissement
  • Op. 39: Six Valses
  • Op. 41: Les deux amis
  • Op. 44 to: Six Valses
  • Op. 49: Divertissement militaire
  • Op. 53: Le premier pas vers moi
  • Op. 54 bis: Fantaisie
  • Op. 55: Trois duos
  • Op. 61: Trois petits divertissements
  • Op. 62: Divertissement
  • Op. 63: Souvenir de Russie

Trivia

In the novel Senyoria by the Catalan author Jaume Cabré , Fernando Sor (there under the name Nando Sorts) plays an important role as a friend of one of the protagonists.

In 1991 an asteroid was named after Fernando Sor: (4865) Sor .

The Centro Culturale "Fernando Sor" in Rome organized the Concorso Internazionale Di Chitarra "Fernando Sor".

See also

Literature and writings

  • Wolf Moser : Fernando Sor. An attempt at an autobiography and guitarist writings. Verlag Guitar & Laute, Cologne 1984, ISBN 978-3-88583-004-7 , 2nd, expanded and revised edition (under the title Ich, Fernando Sor… ) Edition Saint-Georges, Lyon 2005, ISBN 3-00- 015274-1
    • Fernando Sor: Sor. In: Encylopédie Pittoresque de la Musique. Edited by A. Ledhuy and H. Bertini, Paris 1835; translated and edited by Wolf Moser as: Collection of historical sources: Sor. In: Guitar & Laute 1, 1979, Issue 2, pp. 27 f., Issue 3, pp. 18-20, Issue 4, p. 14 f., Issue 5, p. 26 f., Issue 6, p. 16 f .; 2, 1980, Issue 1, pp. 24-26, Issue 2, pp. 23-25
  • Franz Sprenzinger: Ferdinand Sor. The Guitar Friend: Messages from the Int. Guitarristen-Verband , 3rd vol., No. 3, 1902, pp. 33–34
  • Brian Jeffery: Fernando Sor: Composer and Guitarist. Tecla Edition, London 1977.
  • Brian Jeffery (Ed.): Fernando Sor: The Complete Works for Guitar in Facsimiles of the Original Editions. London 1982.
  • Opera Omnia For The Spanish Guitar, (Volume V, VIII, IX) by Fernando Sor. Critical edition by Mijndert Jape with assistance of Marie-Helene Habets. Van Teeseling, Nijmegen 1985 ff.
  • Fernando Sor: Méthode pour la Guitare. Paris 1830
    • Method for the Spanish Guitar. Translated by A. Merrick, London 1832; Facsimile edition: Da Capo Press, New York 1971.

Web links

Commons : Fernando Sor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolf Moser: "I think the day will come when the guitar students will develop their ideas about correct music ...". An interview with Fernando Sor. In: Guitar & Laute 6, 1984, No. 5, pp. 37-41; here: p. 37 f.
  2. ↑ Wolf Moser: Fernando Sor and his "Méthode pour la Guitare". In: Guitar & Laute 1, 1979, 1, pp. 26-32; here: pp. 26 and 30
  3. ↑ Sprenzinger 1902, p. 33
  4. ↑ Sprenzinger 1902, p. 33
  5. ^ Brian Jeffrey, Fernando Sor: Composer and Guitarist , London 1994, p. 77
  6. ↑ Guitar & Laute 2, 1980, 4, p. 2
  7. ↑ Mijndert Jape : Two questions regarding op. 30 by Fernando Sor. In: Guitar & Laute 3, 1981, 5, p. 46 f.
  8. ↑ Walter Götze (Ed.): Fernando Sor, Introductory Etudes, op. 60. B. Schott's Sons, Mainz (= guitar archive. Volume 33).
  9. ↑ Guitar & Laute 3, 1981, 6, p. 4 (the competition took place for the eleventh time in 1982).
personal data
SURNAME Sor, Fernando
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sor, Ferdinand
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish guitarist and composer
DATE OF BIRTH baptized February 14, 1778
PLACE OF BIRTH Barcelona
DATE OF DEATH July 10, 1839
Place of death Paris