Remote viewing

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Remote viewing (Engl. Remote viewing or remote Perception ) is a term for a particular form of clairvoyance , a hypothetical type of perception. From the mid-1970s, parapsychological remote viewing experiments were funded by the US government and then continued under secrecy. In the experiments, people tried to obtain information about a distant location, to identify people missing there or to describe objects at a target location. Much of the material was released in 1995. Certain evaluations of the research results did not reveal any evidence that remote viewing skills can be trained.

Published reports on controlled experiments, especially those of the famous Israeli mentalist Uri Geller by physicists and, through this, later also secret service agents in the 1970s, were accepted by some scientists as evidence of remote viewing. Above all, the study by the two laser specialists Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff, published in the renowned magazine Nature , was only published with reservations (the reviewers of the peer review had actually spoken out against it because of methodological deficiencies) and later often criticized. It was argued that scientists are no more qualified than other lay people to see through conscious tricks and deceptions.

Technology and studies

The technique of remote viewing is based on the fact that the viewer (seer) tries to perceive objects or processes through an extrasensory technique that he cannot perceive with his usual five senses. The target to be detected can be spatially and / or temporally distant or invisible in a sealed envelope z. B. be available as a picture. At the beginning of a remote viewing session (session) the viewer does not know what to "see" or perceive (blind session). Thus the result of a session is not influenced by the phantasies and the memory contents of the viewer. Remote viewing sessions can also be carried out in a double-blind manner.

Studies by the PEAR Institute (Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Lab) in collaboration with the IGPP (Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Hygiene) have shown that so-called psi effects cannot be reproduced at will or practically applied.

history

There were always reports of people who allegedly correctly stated what was happening in the distance. The recipients (such as Emanuel Swedenborg ) may have been personally involved or may have telepathically received knowledge of the death of a relative through ties of relatives (the so-called "crisis apparitions", which can express themselves through physical symptoms or hallucinations ). The first free-response attempts were made by AW Thaw (1892), Upton Sinclair (1930; together with his wife, who concentrated on objects in an adjoining room, whereupon Sinclair recorded his impressions) and René Warcollier (1938).

Remote viewing was systematically investigated by the Americans. In 1970 the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in Menlo Park , California , which was affiliated with Stanford University , started experiments with a team of supposedly talented media . The project was founded by the American physicist Harold Puthoff, who was joined by his colleague Russell Targ. The so-called Coordinate Remote Viewing emerged from the experiments, which together with the resulting variations in German is now generally referred to as “Remote Viewing”.

From 1973 to 1988 intensive experiments were carried out. Then (1990) the Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) in Palo Alto (California) took over the program. Its director was Edwin May.

Including the army, the navy, which - since 1970, the remote viewing project by US federal authorities was NASA and the secret CIA - funded, since one in the early 1970s a " Psi -gap" ( Psychic gap ) from the The Soviet Union believed. The six-media group worked in isolation on military projects. She tried z. B. to discover nuclear missiles, secret military areas and underground stations. In the late 1970s, the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) stepped in for the CIA and codenamed the project Stargate . In 1989, the program was initially declared secret until its support was withdrawn in 1995. In 24 years the government had backed the small group's activities with a total of $ 20 million. The official rationale for hiring Stargate was that the group's work had done little.

Remote viewing experiments were carried out at Princeton University , with the variety "precognitive". Robert Jahn headed PEAR ( Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research ) and in 1987 in the USA presented the book "Margins of Reality", a theoretically well-founded report. Another basis was the Ganzfeld experiments by Charles Honorton from Edinburgh . In these experiments, test persons shielded by sensors were asked to sketch in the laboratory what they had seen of what agents looked at in the form of video clips or images in an adjoining room. This was one of the most successful attempts in parapsychology of the past decades.

The Freiburg “ Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Hygiene ” made an experiment in which the agent ( Elmar Gruber ) stayed in Rome and the percipient (Marilyn Schlitz) wrote down her impressions in Minnesota . The test report was published in December 1980.

Media reception

In the comedy The Men Who Stare at Goats from the year 2009, the trial of an experimental is Psi special unit of the US Army , Remote Viewing to explore and deploy shown.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerda Lier: The immortality problem . V & R Unipress Verlag, Göttingen 2010. ISBN 978-3-89971-764-8 . P. 836f, p. 950.
  2. ↑ Gerhard Mayer et al. (Ed.): At the limits of knowledge: manual of scientific anomalies. Schattauer Verlag, 2015. pp. 118f.
  3. ^ Russell Targ, Harold Puthoff: Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding . In: Nature . tape 251 , no. 5476 , October 1974, ISSN  1476-4687 , p. 602–607 , doi : 10.1038 / 251602a0 ( nature.com [accessed December 9, 2019]).
  4. ↑ information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding PDF file (Engl.) On the CIA - site (as of November 29, 2019).
  5. ^ CIA: Information transmission under conditions of sensory shielding. Retrieved December 9, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Roger Glass: Secret CIA Psychic Lab Experiments With Uri Geller. February 9, 2011, accessed December 9, 2019 .
  7. ^ Nature Editor Adress (1974): Investigating the paranormal. Nature. 251 (5476): 559-560. doi: 10.1038 / 251559a0
  8. ^ VI Johannes: Research in Extrasensory Communication. Letter to the Editor. Communications Society 13 (4): 8-10. doi: 10.1109 / MCOMD.1975.1089043
  9. ^ Stefan Schmidt: Extraordinary communication? , 2002; W. v. Lucadou: Psi -phenomenene , 1997, reprint 2008; Dean Radin: Entangled Minds , 2006
  10. ↑ Dean Radin: The Conscious Universe . HarperCollins, New York 1997, p. 98.
  11. ↑ To ESP Gap , Time , January 23, 1984, accessed October 27, 2010
  12. ^ STAR GATE (Controlled Remote Viewing) @ fas.org , Federation of American Scientists ; Stargate Project engl. Wikipedia, accessed October 27, 2010
  13. ^ Ray Hyman : Evaluation of the Military's Twenty-Year Program on Psychic Spying. In: Skeptical Inquirer 20, No. 2 (March / April 1996), p. 21.
  14. ↑ Robert Jahn, Brenda Dunne: On the edges of the real . Two thousand and one, Frankfurt 1999. ISBN 3861502240 .
  15. ^ John McCrone: Roll up for the Telepathy Test . In: New Scientist , No. 1873, May 15, 1993.
  16. ^ Elmar Gruber, Marilyn Schlitz: Transcontinental Remote Viewing . In: Journal of Parapsychology , Volume 44, No. 4, December 1980, pp. 306-317.
  17. ↑ The Men Who Stare at Goats: the power of psychic spying telegraph.co.uk, November 4, 2009, accessed October 28, 2010