Fevansia aurantiaca
| Fevansia aurantiaca | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Fevansia | ||||||||||||
| Bustard & Castellano | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Fevansia aurantiaca | ||||||||||||
| Bustard & Castellano |
Fevansia aurantiaca is a truffle-like type of mushroom from the family of related sheep . It is the only species in the monotypical genus Fevansia found in primary forests of Oregon . The name Fevansia honors Frank Evans of the North American Truffling Society whocollectedthe holotype . The Latin epithet aurantiaca means “pale orange” and refers to the color of the peridium . The IUCN classifies the species and thus the genus as "endangered" ("EN").
description
Truffles are mushrooms that assumed a hypogeic (underground) existence in the course of evolution ; therefore some morphological features are reduced in them . Some of the traits commonly used for identification on truffles are the peridium (the outside), the gleba (the inner tissue with the spores ), and the spores themselves.
The peridium of Fevansia aurantiaca is 100… 200 µm thick. The gleba is firm and moist, its color is pale orange with a tinge of pink or orange. The spores are 10 ... 13 × 3.5 ... 5 µm in size, spindle-shaped and smooth and appear gray-yellow in large groups, while the individual ones appear rather pale yellow.
Taxonomy
The mushroom was originally regarded as a member of the family of the root truffle relatives (order Dickröhrlingsverbindungen ), because outwardly it generally resembles the species of the genera Alpova and Rhizopogon from the Rhizopogonella section . Recently (2013) employed molecular phylogenetic However, analysis services that the genus Fevansia representing the family of Schafporlingsverwandten in order russulales is to be considered. For this reason one also assumes symbiotic relationships ( mycorrhiza ) to plants (as with all species of the closely related genus Albatrellus ), although this has not yet been confirmed.
Habitat, Distribution and Ecology
Fevansia aurentiaca is found in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, but is not common. The species lives naturally underground, which makes it difficult to find in some ways. In the end, only a few specimens are available for genetic analysis. Most evidence is home to the Mycological Herbarium of Oregon State University .
The truffles are most commonly found in forests, where they have symbiotic relationships with trees; one of these symbiotic relationships is an ectomycorrhiza . Although most truffles produce ectomycorrhizae, it is not certain that F. aurentiaca will do the same . There are no DNA hits on ectomycorrhizal root tips to suggest such a relationship. It is highly probable, however, that most of the finds of the species were made among ectomycorrhizal pine-like species . The DNA-based evidence of belonging to the sheep pony relatives also suggests that Fevansia aurantiaca, like most members of the family, is a symbiote.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fevansia . In: NCBI taxonomy . National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ A b c J. M. Trappe, MA Castellano: New sequestrate Ascomycota and Basidiomycota covered by the Northwest Forest Plan . In: Mycotaxon . 75, 2000, pp. 153-179.
- ↑ Michael A. Castellano: Fevansia aurantiaca . In: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . April 23, 2015. doi : 10.2305 / IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T75723177A75723220.en . Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ↑ a b c M. E. Smith, KJ Schell, MA Castellano, MJ Trappe, JM Trappe: The enigmatic truffle Fevansia aurantiaca is an ectomycorrhizal member of the Albatrellus lineage . In: Mycorrhiza . 23, No. 8, 2013, pp. 663-668. doi : 10.1007 / s00572-013-0502-2 . PMID 23666521 .