Florești (Republic of Moldova)
Coordinates: 47 ° 54 ' N , 28 ° 18' E
Florești is the administrative center of the raion of the same name in the northeast of the Republic of Moldova . The city, located 131 kilometers north of Chișinău , has around 19,700 inhabitants (calculation as of January 1, 2014). Florești is a center of the light and food industry.
A nearby Neolithic site of the Cucuteni-Tripolje culture is named after the city.
location
Florești is close to the M2 expressway, which leads north from the capital Chișinău via Orhei . The M2 Soroca reaches 40 kilometers north of Floreşti and the Ukrainian border ten kilometers further . The largest city in northern Moldova, Bălți , is located around 40 kilometers west of Florești along the R13. The R18 runs from Floreşti south to the small town of Sîngerei, 53 kilometers away, the capital of the neighboring district of the same name ( Rajon ). The Florești train station is located on the relatively frequent route between Rîbnița in the east, Bălți, Ocnița and Larga in the northwest on the Ukrainian border, inaugurated between 1892 and 1894 .
The Răut , a right tributary of the Nistru, flows past the southern outskirts of the city . The meandering Răut is dammed upstream from Floreşti via the village Mărculeşti to the west to the village of Prajila. The Floreşti reservoir (Lacul de acumulare Floreşti) regulates the seasonally fluctuating amount of water and is mainly used for field irrigation; marshland in places form on its banks. Florești is located in the climatic area of the forest steppe zone of northern Vltava with average annual rainfall of up to 500 millimeters. The environment is flat to slightly wavy. In the fields, mainly grain, sunflowers and tobacco are grown, the steppe grass areas serve as pastureland.
history
Archaeological site
In the 7th millennium BC Agricultural peoples immigrated from the Balkan Peninsula north to the south-east European region. They settled down and built houses out of wooden poles and mud. From the 5th millennium on, the Cucuteni-Trypolje culture belonged to these Neolithic cultures between the lower Danube and the Carpathians . The site Florești I, excavated in the 1950s, is considered to be a possible transition stage from the older Boian culture to the beginning Precucuteni phase. In Moldova, Florești I and III as well as Rogozany and Putinesti I are the main excavation sites for the Precucuteni II phase. The largest uncovered settlement of this type is Talianki in central Ukraine. Some finds are also similar to those from Okopi and Bernaschiwka in western Ukraine. Half of the finds from Floreşti I consist of coarse utility ceramics without decoration: bowls and bowls with flat bottoms. The second group includes dinnerware with curved engravings, some with red or white incrustations and red paint on a black background.
Modern place
The place name Floreşti is derived from the Romanian word floare "blossom". In the 17th century Floreşti was owned by the boyar family (title of nobility) Miron Costin (1633-1691). Costin was a politician in the Principality of Moldova and wrote a chronicle of the Moldova region as a historian.
During the time of the Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR), Floreşti was expanded into an industrial location. Due to the economic crisis that began with independence in 1991, large factories from the 1950s to 1970s became unprofitable and fell into ruins.
Two years after Moldova's independence, in 1993 the Floreşti Raion had 76,987 inhabitants according to a calculation. Through the administrative reform of 1999, the Raion Florești became part of the larger Județ (district) Soroca. The districts were split back into smaller raions (raioane) in 2003.
Cityscape
At the 2004 census, the city had 13,164 residents. Of these, 10,468 identified themselves as Moldovans (89.5 percent), 1,332 as Ukrainians (10.1 percent), 1015 as Russians (7.7 percent), 119 as Romanians (0.9 percent), 55 as Roma , 22 as Bulgarians , 17 as Jews , 15 as Gagauz and 14 as Poles .
From the junction at the M2, the R13 leads about four kilometers west along the Răut to the city and bypasses the center in a large arc on the north side. The business center with a market area for clothes and housewares is located in the south near the train station and the adjacent bus station. From the local shopping street, Strada 31 August 1989, the central north-south axis Strada Ștefan cel Mare branches off to the north. In addition to most shops, there are also several banks on these two streets. Most of the city is north of the Răut, a bridge leads over the river to the southern suburb of Vărvăreuca. The industrial quarter is to the east of the city center. There are several high schools and a district hospital. Several minibus lines ( marshrutkas ) connect the city center with the surrounding area.
Florești is a center of light industry and food production. The largest company in the city is the SA Cristal Flor glass factory, which was founded in 1958 to manufacture glass bottles . Their bankruptcy has been negotiated since 2005. Some of the factories are in a ruinous condition. Other companies include the Natur Bravo canning factory , which processes fruit and vegetables, the milk processing company Pro Milk and the Floriana Fasion clothing factory in Tîrgul Vertiujeni. The Nefis biscuit factory , which began production in Florești in 1997, exports long-life baked goods and confectionery to numerous European countries and overseas.
From the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century there was a small Jewish cemetery . On an area of around 7500 square meters there are still over 1500 gravestones, most of which have overturned, broken or overgrown. The cemetery is still in use but is not regularly maintained.
sons and daughters of the town
- Michael Felsenbaum (* 1951), writer and actor
- Serghei Krîjanovski (* 1996), billiard player
literature
- Klaus Bochmann, Vasile Dumbrava, Dietmar Müller, Victoria Reinhardt (eds.): The Republic of Moldau. Republica Moldova. A manual. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 978-3-86583-557-4 .
- Andrei Brezianu: Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Moldova (= European History Dictionaries, No. 37). The Scarecrow Press, Lanham (Maryland) / London 2007, p. 148.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Numărul populaţiei stable al Republicii Moldova la 1st January 2014, în profil teritorial . Biroul Național de Statistică al Republicii Moldova (Romanian)
- ^ Peter Jordan: Transportation. In: Klaus Bochmann u. a. (Ed.): The Republic of Moldau, p. 470
- ^ Martin Petrick: Agriculture. In: Klaus Bochmann u. a. (Ed.): The Republic of Moldova, p. 469
- ↑ TK Harper: K problems razmerov poseleniya u s. Tal'yanki (Regarding the Problem of the Size of the Settlement Near Tal'yanki). ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The State University of New York at Buffalo, 2012
- ↑ Nataliia Burdo: Late Neolithic cultural elements from the Danube and Carpathian regions of Precucuteni - A Trypillia culture. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Documenta Praehistorica XXXVIII, 2011, pp. 357–371, here p. 359
- ↑ Demographic, national, language and cultural characteristics. (Excel table in Section 7) National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldoca
- ↑ Cristal-Flor insolvency manager accuses economic court of power abuse . Information day, October 6, 2010
- ↑ Floreşti. In: Jewish Heritage Sites and Monuments in Moldova . ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. United States Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad, Washington 2010, p. 42
