François Xavier de Montesquiou-Fézensac
François-Xavier-Marc-Antoine de Montesquiou-Fézensac (born August 13, 1756 in Marsan Castle , Gascogne province ; † February 6, 1832 in Cirey-sur-Blaise Castle , Haute-Marne department ) was a French clergyman and politician . He was twice President of the Constituent Assembly in 1790 and Minister of the Interior under Louis XVIII during the Restoration in 1814 . .
Life
He came from the old noble family Montesquiou , entered the clergy and became abbot of the Beaulieu-en-Bassigny monastery and later received another abbey at Le Mans . In 1785 he was general agent of the clergy. In 1789 he was appointed as deputy of the clergy of the city of Paris to the Estates-General selected. He remained true to the principles of the ancien régimes . On July 16, however, he declared in the name of the first estate that the clergy would join the Constituent Assembly.
He subsequently spoke out against the conversion of church properties into national goods, but made himself available as commissioner for the implementation after the corresponding resolution. In 1790 he was twice President of the Constituent Assembly. He turned against the abolition of religious orders in the Constituent Assembly. He also criticized the civil constitution of the clergy . He was not elected to the National Legislative Assembly and retired into private life.
After the storming of the Tuileries in August 1792, he emigrated. In absentia he was sentenced to death. He lived first in England and then in the United States. At the time of the Directory he returned to France. He worked for the royalist cause and was a member of the royalist committee of Paris. He appealed to Napoleon Bonaparte as the first consul to bring the Bourbons back to the throne. As a result, he had to withdraw from Paris to Menton .
After the first restoration, he was in May 1814 under Louis XVIII. Minister of the Interior in the Provisional Government and participated in the drafting of the Charte constitutionnelle . With the reign of the hundred days he lost his office and went to England. After the second restoration he briefly became Minister of State and Peer of France. He became a member of the Chamber of Pairs. In 1817 he was made a count and in 1821 a duke. Since 1816 he was a member of the Académie française without attending the meetings. He was also a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres .
literature
- Brockhaus Conversations Lexicon. Volume 10, Leipzig 1867, p. 363.
Web links
- Literature by and about François Xavier de Montesquiou-Fézensac in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
- Short biography and list of works of the Académie française (French)
- Entry on archontology.org
- Entry on assemblee-nationale.fr
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Montesquiou-Fézensac, François Xavier de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Montesquiou-Fézensac, François-Xavier-Marc-Antoine de (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French clergyman and politician, member of the National Assembly |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 13, 1756 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Marsan Castle , Gers department |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 6, 1832 |
| Place of death | Cirey-sur-Blaise castle |