Francisco Lopes da Cruz

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Francisco Xavier Lopes da Cruz (born December 2, 1941 in Maubara , Portuguese Timor ) is a former politician from East Timor and a member of the UDT . Later he was the ambassador of Indonesia .

Life

Lopes da Cruz's mother is part of the Oliveira family who collaborated with the Japanese in Ossu during the Japanese occupation . His uncles were directly involved.

In Soibada Lopes da Cruz studied with the Jesuits in the Nossa Senhora da Fatima seminary , but did not finish it. He then studied philosophy at the University of Macau and served in the Portuguese army as a non-commissioned officer in Mozambique in the fight against the FRELIMO . Lopes da Cruz was a member of the Acção Nacional Popular , the Portuguese unity party. He later became a customs officer and director of A Voz de Timor , the colony's first newspaper.

After the Carnation Revolution in Portugal, Portuguese Timor was to be given independence. Political parties emerged in the colony, including the União Democrática Timorense (UDT) of which Lopes da Cruz was one of the founders. At that time he was a customs officer. The founding president, Mário Carrascalão , was said to have had too close ties to the old Portuguese dictatorship, which is why he had to resign. Lopes da Cruz became the new President of the UDT. He called for Portuguese Timor to be gradually brought closer to independence. Within ten to fifteen years, Portugal was to develop the former colony to such an extent that it could survive as a sovereign state. However, Portugal showed little interest in this idea.

In August 1975 the UDT attempted to take power in the Portuguese Timor colony with a coup. They wanted to use Indonesia as an excuse to intervene, which threatened to drive the “communist” FRETILIN out of the country. Lopes da Cruz himself was arrested by UDT leaders João Viegas Carrascalão and Domingos de Oliveira on suspicion of collaborating with Indonesia. The FRETILIN was able to prevail in the short civil war and take control. Due to the Indonesian threat, FRETILIN unilaterally proclaimed independence from Portugal on November 28, 1975. Many UDT supporters had fled to the Indonesian West Timor and, together with supporters of APODETI, now served as legitimation for the annexation of East Timor.

On December 7, 1975, Indonesia began a large-scale invasion of East Timor and occupied the country. On May 31, 1976, a popular assembly selected by the Indonesian secret service passed a petition with all 37 votes to join the neighboring country without a referendum. Lopes da Cruz was part of the delegation that brought the petition to Indonesian President Suharto . On July 17, 1976, East Timor was officially incorporated into Indonesia as the 27th Timor Timur Province . On August 4th Lopes da Cruz was appointed Vice-Governor of Timor Timur. He held the office until 1982 and was then replaced by the Indonesian Brigadier General AB Saridjo . Lopes da Cruz was Suharto's special advisor for East Timor. During the independence referendum in East Timor in 1999 , Lopes da Cruz, as Secretary General of the East Timor Popular Front ( Indonesian Barisan Rakyat Timor Timur BRTT) continued to campaign for the country to remain with Indonesia. He was also the owner of Suara Timor Timur , the only private newspaper in East Timor.

From 2000 to 2003, Lopes da Cruz was Indonesia's ambassador to Greece . Later he was Indonesia's ambassador to Portugal.

Lopes da Cruz holds the last flag of Portugal to fly over the colony of Timor. He keeps it as a relic. In a 2019 interview, he continued to defend the then Indonesian occupation of East Timor. Most Timorese were killed in fighting with other Timorese. Before Indonesia had to apologize, Portugal should apologize for leaving Timor .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kisho Tsuchiya: Indigenization of the Pacific War in Timor Island: A Multi-language Study of its Contexts and Impact , pp. 14-17, Journal War & Society, Vol. 38, no. February 1, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b José Ramos-Horta: Funu - East Timor's struggle for freedom is not over! Ahriman, Freiburg 1997. ISBN 3-89484-556-2
  3. ↑ Michael Leach: Nation-Building and National Identity in Timor-Leste , p. 59, limited preview in the Google book search
  4. ^ University of Coimbra : Formation of East-Timorese political associations , accessed on October 10, 2018.
  5. ^ Bill Nicol: Timor: A Nation Reborn , 2002, ISBN 979-95898-6-X
  6. ↑ Rodney Stafford Nixon: The Case of Justice and Conflict Resolution in East Timor , p. 106, accessed October 10, 2018.
  7. ↑ Jolliffe, Jill: East Timor: Nationalism and Colonialism, Queensland: University of Queensland Press, 1978. OCLC 4833990
  8. ↑ Eur: The Far East and Australasia 2003 (=  Far East & Australasia ). Psychology Press, 2002, ISBN 1-85743-133-2 , pp. 423 (English, 1538 pp., Limited preview in Google book search).
  9. ↑ "Part 3: The History of the Conflict" ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 1.33 MB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cavr-timorleste.org
  10. ↑ Chapter 4 Regime of Occupation ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 550 kB) of the CAVR investigation commission from 2006 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cavr-timorleste.org
  11. ↑ James J. Fox, Dionisio Babo-Soares: Out of the Ashes: Destruction and Reconstruction of East Timor , 2003. Limited preview in the Google Book search.
  12. ↑ Embaixadas em Portugal  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Embassies in Portugal), website of the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.mne.gov.pt  
  13. ↑ Expresso: Última bandeira portuguesa de Timor está em Jacarta , June 27, 2015 , accessed on July 23, 2015.
  14. ↑ Timor Agora: Ex-embaixador Lopes da Cruz continua a defender integração de Timor-Leste na Indonésia , May 18, 2019 , accessed on May 18, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Lopes da Cruz, Francisco
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lopes da Cruz, Francisco Xavier (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION East Timorese politician
DATE OF BIRTH December 2, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Maubara , Portuguese Timor