Timor Timur
| Timor Timur | |
|---|---|
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| Basic data | |
| Area : | 15,007 km² |
| Residents : | 800,000 |
| Population density : | 53 inhabitants / km² |
| Capital : | Dili |
| governor | - |
| Location in Indonesia | |
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Timor Timur ( short form: Tim-Tim ) was the official Indonesian name of the now independent East Timor ( Timor-Leste ) during the Indonesian occupation between 1975 and 1999 . The international community had never recognized the annexation . During this time, East Timor was considered to be a “dependent territory under Portuguese administration” under international law .
history
The name Timor Timur was given to the area on May 31, 1976 when Indonesia annexed the former Portuguese colony of Portuguese Timor as the 27th province. Translated, the name means nothing else than "East Timor", as the Indonesian word timur means "East". If you take into account that the name of the island of Timor is also derived from it, the literal meaning “east from the east” or “east of the east island” results.
East Timor declared itself unilaterally independent from Portugal on November 28, 1975 . Nine days later, Indonesia began invading the heartland after occupying areas near the border. The occupation and the guerrilla war between the Timorese FALINTIL and the Indonesian army killed up to 183,000 people. From 1970 to 1980 alone, the population fell by 9% from 610,000 to 555,000.
In the 1999 independence referendum , which was accompanied by bloody unrest, the majority of the population finally voted for independence from Indonesia. The international reaction force INTERFET ensured peace and order and on October 25, East Timor officially came under the United Nations Interim Administration (UNTAET). In 2002 East Timor was released into independence under the new official name "Timor-Leste" ( Portuguese for "East Timor").
politics
 Governors of the Timor Province Timur 
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| Arnaldo dos Reis Araújo (APODETI) | August 4, 1976–1978 |
| Guilherme Maria Gonçalves (APODETI) | 1978-1982 |
| Mário Viegas Carrascalão (UDT) | September 18, 1982 - June 1992 |
| José Abílio Osório Soares (APODETI) | September 11, 1992 - October 1999 |
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Distribution of seats in the DPRD
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| year | PPP | Golkar | PDI | ABRI | total |
| 1980 | 0 | 25th | 0 | 0 | 25th |
| 1981 | 0 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
| 1982 | 0 | 32 | 0 | 4th | 36 |
| 1987 | 0 | 34 | 2 | 9 | 45 |
| 1988 | 0 | 34 | 2 | 9 | 45 |
| 1989 | 0 | 33 | 2 | 9 | 44 |
| 1990 | 0 | 34 | 2 | 9 | 45 |
| 1991 | 0 | 34 | 2 | 9 | 45 |
| 1992 | 2 | 29 | 5 | 9 | 45 |
| 1997 | 1 | 30th | 5 | 9 | 45 |
With APODETI member Arnaldo dos Reis Araújo as president, the Provisional Government of East Timor ( PGET , Indonesian: Pemerintah Sementara Timor Timur , PSTT ) was set up as a puppet government of Indonesia on December 17, 1975 , consisting of APODETI and UDT leaders.
On May 31, 1976, a popular assembly selected by the Indonesian secret service passed a petition with all 37 votes to join the neighboring country without a referendum. The petition was signed by PGET President Araújo and the Chairman of the People's Assembly, Guilherme Gonçalves . The Balibo Declaration was invoked . With the Indonesian Law No. VII / 1976 on July 17th, Timor Timur officially became the 27th province of the Republic of Indonesia and Araújo on August 4th. Francisco Lopes da Cruz became Vice Governor . Araújo lost his post in 1978 after publicly criticizing Indonesia. His successor was Guilherme Gonçalves, who also had to resign prematurely after a dispute with Colonel Paul Kalangi , the secretary of the regional administration ( Secretary Wilayah Daerah, Sekwilda ), over the share of the coffee tax for the local government. From September 18, 1982 to June 1992, Mário Carrascalão was governor. During his tenure, the civil administration normalized. José Abílio Osório Soares took over the post in 1992 as the last governor for two terms. Francisco Lopes da Cruz remained Vice Governor until 1982. He was followed by the Indonesian officers Brigadier General AB Saridjo (until 1993) and Lieutenant Colonel J Haribowo (until the end of the occupation in 1999). Both were previously secretaries of the regional administration, officially second to the governor, but in control of the provincial budget. They were appointed by the Indonesian interior minister. All but one of the secretaries in East Timor were military officers.
On August 4, 1976, the Council of People's Representatives of the Province ( DPRD ) was installed with Guilherme Gonçalves as chairman. It had 25 to 45 members, but they were not elected. 80% of the seats were reserved for parties controlled by the Indonesian state, with the remaining 20% for the Indonesian Armed Forces ( ABRI ). The representatives in the district parliaments were also appointed.
Others
In East Timor, a play on words is still widespread today, based on the similarity of the short name Tim-Tim with the internationally known French name of the main character Tintin (German Tim ) from the comic series Tim and Struppi . There are T-shirts to buy with motifs that show Tim in East Timor and are labeled “Tin-Tin in Tim-Tim”.
In the Taman Mini Indonesia Indah theme park near Jakarta, there is a house for each province of Indonesia in which the respective culture was presented. After the loss of Timor Timur, the associated pavilion was converted into the East Timor Museum.
See also
Web links
- Chega! The final report of the CAVR (English)
- East Timor Action Network
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Chapter 7.3 Forced Displacement and Famine" (PDF; 1.3 MB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English)
- ↑ a b c "Part 4: Regime of Occupation" (PDF; 563 kB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English)
- ^ Schwarz, A. (1994): A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s . Westview Press. ISBN 1-86373-635-2 .
- ↑ Jolliffe, Jill: East Timor: Nationalism and Colonialism , Queensland: University of Queensland Press, 1978. OCLC 4833990
- ↑ Routledge Chapman & Hall: Far East and Australasia 2003 (Far East & Australasia) , 2003 , ISBN 1-85743-133-2
- ↑ "Part 3: The History of the Conflict" (PDF; 1.4 MB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English)