Mário Viegas Carrascalão

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Mário Carrascalão (2017)

Mário Viegas Carrascalão (born May 12, 1937 in Uai-Tali-Bu'u , Venilale / Portuguese Timor ; † May 19, 2017 in Motael , Dili , East Timor ) was an East Timorese politician . In the colonial times he campaigned for greater autonomy from Portugal . During the Indonesian occupation, Carrascalão was governor of the province from September 18, 1983 to June 1992 and political advisor to Indonesian President Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie in 1999. From 2000 to 2008, when East Timor became independent, Carrascalão was chairman of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) . From January 22, 2009 to September 6, 2010, he was the second Vice Prime Minister.

Career

He was born the fifth of 14 children to the Portuguese exile Manuel Viegas Carrascalão and a local. Due to the Japanese occupation of Timor during World War II, Mário did not start school until he was 14. He attended the Liceu Dr. Francisco Machado in the colonial capital Dili, completed grades 1 to 4 of elementary school in just one year and went to the Liceu Camões in Lisbon to complete secondary school . He was then allowed to move to the Instituto Superior de Agronomia , where he studied forestry, without further examination . He was the first to study the Portuguese pine .

After his return to Portuguese Timor , Carrascalão became head of the agricultural service and was chairman of the Acção Nacional Popular (ANP) in Portuguese Timor, the Portuguese Unity Party , until the Carnation Revolution . At Sport Dili e Benfica he was a football player. The 1974 Carnation Revolution heralded independence for East Timor. With his brothers Manuel and João , Mário Carrascalão founded the União Democrática Timorense (UDT, Democratic Union of Timor), the first political party in East Timor. Mário was the founding president, but under pressure from Portuguese officers had to give up his post to Francisco Lopes da Cruz , as Mário was said to have close ties to the old dictatorship.

The UDT advocated close ties to the former colonial power Portugal or, as they said in Tetum: "mate bandera hum" - in the shadow of the Portuguese flag . Finally, the UDT supported a gradual approach to independence. On August 11, 1975, the UDT tried to come to power with a coup , but FRETILIN was able to prevail in the street fighting in Dili. Carrascalão fled to Atambua in Indonesia and there now supported the connection between East Timor and the neighboring state. Just days after the declaration of independence by FRETILIN occupied the end of Indonesia the country. Carrascalão was one of the East Timorese politicians who, under the guidance of the Indonesians, subsequently applied for annexation. Between 1977 and 1981 Carrascalão worked as a diplomat for the Indonesian Foreign Ministry at the United Nations in New York . Mário Viegas Carrascalão became a member of the provincial assembly for the ruling Golkar party and eventually Indonesian governor of East Timor. As governor, he exposed various human rights violations by the Indonesian occupying power in East Timor and publicly denounced them. He provided information on human rights violations abroad and supported the work of the East Timorese in exile. The Santa Cruz massacre on November 12, 1991 also fell during his term of office . Carrascalão reported, among other things, of secret executions by Indonesian soldiers as a result of the massacre. As the first governor, he also tried direct negotiations with the armed resistance. He met the FALINTIL commandant Xanana Gusmão twice, in 1983 in Lariguto and in 1990 in Ariana .

From 1993 to 1997 Carrascalão was the Indonesian ambassador to Romania . In 1999 he became political advisor to Indonesian President Jusuf Habibie. In August of that year, the East Timorese were finally able to vote on their independence and voted in favor with a large majority. Carrascalão became Vice President of the Conselho Nacional de Resistência Timorense (CNRT), the umbrella organization of the East Timorese parties and organizations at the time.

Mário Viegas Carrascalão (2007)

In 2001, Carrascalão was elected to the Constituent Assembly, which became the National Parliament of East Timor with the independence of East Timor . Carrascalão gave up his seat during the legislative period. From 2005 to 2007 Carrascalão was a member of the State Council . With the parliamentary elections in East Timor in 2007 , he moved back as a member of parliament. Here he was a member of the Commission for Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry, Natural Resources and the Environment (Commission D). Carrascalão was chairman of the center-right Social Democratic Party (PSD) until December 7, 2008, but did not run for new elections. His successor was the Foreign Minister Zacarias da Costa . On January 22, 2009, Carrascalão was appointed by Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão as the second deputy prime minister alongside José Luís Guterres . He was supposed to take care of parts of the administration against which corruption allegations had been raised in the previous months. At the same time, Carrascalão gave up his seat in the national parliament again. As a result, there was always a dispute between Carrascalão and Gusmão. Finally, Carrascalão submitted his resignation on September 6, 2010 after Gusmão publicly described him as stupid and incompetent. Carrascalão returned to parliament until the new election in 2012 , in which he no longer ran.

Funeral service for Carrascalão in the Cathedral of Dili

Just a few days after his 80th birthday, Mário Viegas Carrascalão died in Dili in 2017. He suffered a heart attack at the wheel of his car in Dili's Farol district and hit a lamp post with the car. The doctors at the Hospital Nacional Guido Valadares could only determine that he was dead. The day before, President Taur Matan Ruak had awarded him the Colar da Ordem de Timor-Leste , East Timor's highest order , in a ceremony . According to a presidential decree, Carrascalão was to be buried in the Heroes' Cemetery in Metinaro , but his family decided on the family cemetery in Liquiçá as their last resting place.

Publications

  • Timor, Antes do Futuro. Livraria Mau Huran, Dili 2006.

See also

Web links

Commons : Mário Carrascalão  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b "Part 4: Regime of Occupation" (PDF; 563 kB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English)
  2. ↑ a b c d Morreu o ex-vice-primeiro-ministro timorense Mário Carrascalão. In: dn.pt. Diário de Notícias, May 19, 2017, accessed May 19, 2017 (Portuguese).
  3. ↑ a b José Ramos-Horta: Funu. East Timor's struggle for freedom is not over! Ahriman-Verlag, Freiburg 1997, ISBN 3-89484-556-2
  4. ^ Website of the association: História ( Memento from February 11, 2018 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 5, 2017.
  5. ^ STL: Biodata Badak Ir. Mario Viegas Carrascalao , May 19, 2017 , accessed September 11, 2018.
  6. ↑ Ruth Elizabeth Nuttall: The Origins and Onset of the 2006 Crisis in Timor-Leste , PhD Thesis, The Australian National University, February 2017 , accessed July 31, 2019.
  7. ↑ Profile on the Parliament's website, October 29, 2008 ( memento of October 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese)
  8. ^ East Timor Law and Justice Bulletin, Jan. 22, 2009, Social Democratic Party President Mario Carrascalao named Second Vice Prime Minister of East Timor
  9. ↑ Tempr Semanal, September 8, 2010 Breaking News - Political drama in Timor-Leste: Mario Resigns.
  10. ^ List of High State Officials & Senior Civil Servants of Timor-Leste, August 2011
  11. ↑ Sapo Notícias: Basílio do Nascimento: Timor-Leste perde "figura incontornável" , May 19, 2017 , accessed on May 20, 2017.
  12. ↑ Tatoli (ANTIL): Carrascalão hameno hela nia sei hakoi ho familia sira , May 21, 2017 , accessed on May 21, 2017.
personal data
SURNAME Viegas Carrascalão, Mário
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Carrascalão, Mário
BRIEF DESCRIPTION East Timorese politician
DATE OF BIRTH May 12, 1937
PLACE OF BIRTH Uai-Tali-Bu'u , Venilale , Portuguese Timor
DATE OF DEATH 19th May 2017
Place of death Motael , Dili , East Timor