Franz Redeker

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Franz Albert Redeker (born June 17, 1891 in Recklinghausen , † September 16, 1962 in Bad Godesberg ) was a German physician who dealt in particular with tuberculosis .

Life

The son of a senior postal secretary attended primary school and then the humanistic grammar school in Recklinghausen, which he graduated from high school in 1909. Franz Redeker completed his medical studies at the universities of Freiburg, Münster and Leipzig in 1914 with the state examination. Until the outbreak of the First World War he worked at the Leipzig Institute for the History of Medicine under Professor Karl Sudhoff . Redeker experienced the war first as a troop doctor and later as an assistant or senior physician in various hospitals in the reserve hospital district of Mülheim an der Ruhr. After his discharge from army service and a brief activity in Bremen, he returned to Mülheim, where he served as an assistant doctor in the city from 1919 to 1921 .

He then moved to the Thyssen company , which is also based in Mülheim, as a works doctor , where he dealt with pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis, especially in children. Around 1927 he advocated serial x-ray examinations to detect tuberculosis. In 1926 he became a district doctor and medical councilor in Mansfeld , where he dealt with the connections between black lung and additional tuberculosis (a term he coined) and showed the influences of the environment and individual constitution and disposition for allergies on the course of the disease in tuberculosis. He then headed the fight against tuberculosis in the Emsland as a government councilor and medical councilor in Osnabrück . From 1933 to 1945 he was head of the medical department in Berlin (which was located at the police headquarters). There he was also a medical assessor at the Berlin Higher Hereditary Health Court , dealing with questions of forced sterilization . After the Second World War he was head of the Berlin health department, but was dismissed by the Americans because of his Nazi past. He then became an advisor to the Hamburg health authority, where the British were responsible. In 1949 he became head of the health department in the Federal Ministry of the Interior and was President of the Federal Health Office from 1953 to 1956 .

In 1954, Redeker commissioned an application study in this official capacity, in which bone marrow was removed from infants in an orphanage by means of bone marrow aspiration, with the aim of observing side effects of various vaccination techniques with smallpox vaccine . The background was that in the Federal Republic of Germany there was a legal obligation to vaccinate and the relevant implementing provisions should be adapted, especially since the vaccination techniques tested here and used abroad for decades were considered to have fewer side effects.

In 1932 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina , in 1960 he received the Robert Koch Prize .

A prize awarded every three years by the German Central Committee for the Control of Tuberculosis was named after him. In October 2018 this award was replaced by the DZK tuberculosis award.

Fonts (selection)

  • The "Anatomia magistri Nicolai phisici" and its relationship to the Anatomia Chophonis and Richardi. Leipzig 1917 (Leipzig, University, medical dissertation, October 26, 1917).
  • with Georg Simon: Practical textbook on child tuberculosis. Curt Kabitzsch, Leipzig 1926, (In Spanish: Manual práctico de tuberculosis infantil. Traducido de la última edición alemana por Carlos Díez Fernández y Rafael Navarro Gutiérrez. Morata, Madrid 1932).
  • with Otto Walter: Origin and development of pulmonary consumption in adults (= Würzburg treatises from the entire field of medicine. NF Vol. 5, H. 1 = Vol. 25, 1, ZDB -ID 529306-6 ). Kabitzsch, Leipzig 1928 (published 1929).
  • with Hermann Braeuning: Studies on the development of the human pulmonary phthisis. 2 volumes. Barth, Leipzig 1931;
    • Volume 1: Hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis in adults. Its origin and regression, its early and late development to phthisis (= tuberculosis library. No. 38, ZDB -ID 514831-5 ). 1931;
    • Volume 2: Phthisical developments from the ranks of the early infiltrate and the early phthisical replenishment (= tuberculosis library. No. 39). 1931.

literature

  • Franz Ickert: Franz Redeker. On his 60th birthday on June 17, 1951. In: Contributions to the clinic of tuberculosis and specific tuberculosis research. Vol. 106, No. 2, 1951, pp. 91-92, doi: 10.1007 / BF02145628 .
  • Erich Schröder : In memoriam Franz Redeker. In: The public health service. Vol. 24, 1962, ZDB -ID 80209-8 , pp. 545-549.
  • Udo Schagen , Sabine Schleiermacher (Eds.): 100 Years of Social Medicine, Social Hygiene and Public Health in Germany (= reports and documents on the contemporary history of medicine. Vol. 8, ISSN  1432-3958 ) Institute for the History of Medicine - Research Focus Contemporary History, Berlin 2005 .
  • Johannes Vossen: health authorities under National Socialism. Racial hygiene and open health care in Westphalia 1900–1950 (= Düsseldorfer Schriften zur recent regional history and the history of North Rhine-Westphalia. Vol. 56). Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2001, ISBN 3-88474-984-6 (also: Bielefeld, University, dissertation, 1999).
  • Dorothea Redeker: The Physicist. When public health was still called public health. Bensheim, 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-051916-1 .

Other sources

  • City archive Mülheim an der Ruhr, inventory 1210 (personal file)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Susanne Doetz: Everyday life and practice of forced sterilization. The Berlin University Women's Clinic under Walter Stoeckel 1942-1944.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Dissertation, Charité Berlin, 2010, p. 36f, pdf.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.diss.fu-berlin.de  
  2. ↑ Member entry of Franz Redeker at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on May 24, 2016.


personal data
SURNAME Redeker, Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Redeker, Franz Albert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Recklinghausen
DATE OF DEATH September 16, 1962
Place of death bad Godesberg