Group and Circoscrizione (Italy)
A fraction ( Italian frazione ) is a place that belongs to a larger Italian municipality . A faction can also include other scattered houses and hamlets that are territorially part of the locality in question. In common parlance, the term frazione is often applied to localities that are not the main town of the municipality.
The faction often has its own infrastructure, such as a church, school, shops or branch offices of the municipal administration.
Many factions correspond to former parishes that have been incorporated over time; but they have no legal personality.
In Trentino-Alto Adige and other provinces / municipalities that belonged to Austria until 1918, the fractions occasionally correspond to the cadastral municipalities , which can also correspond to former municipalities. In San Marino the fractions are called Curazie .
Legal provisions
Since the municipal regulations in Italy are left to the regions and the establishment of parliamentary groups or local districts to the municipalities, there are no uniform regulations for the territorial delimitation or administration of these parliamentary groups.
Many municipalities define the parliamentary groups in their municipal statutes. Fractions can develop a certain degree of independence in relation to the community; they often have a local mayor , who is usually called Prosindaco (for example, 'pre- mayor '), in South Tyrol the parliamentary group leader; this is appointed from the ranks of the community committees ( giunta comunale ) or the community council.
Circoscrizioni and other delimitations
Cities with more than 30,000 inhabitants can and large cities must divide their urban area into districts / boroughs. These do not have to encompass the entire municipality if the suburbs are more rural.
In large cities, the municipal council ( consiglio di circoscrizione ) is elected together with the municipal council. The medium-sized cities can also choose a different form of municipality administration. In Rome and Genoa the city districts are called municipi , in Naples and Venice Municipalità and in Florence Quartieri .
If the parliamentary group is part of a municipality, its chairman assumes the function of parliamentary group leader.
Some cities such as B. Trento and Verona have both boroughs and suburbs run as a fraction. Others, like Bolzano, have divided the entire municipality into districts and completely dispensed with the designation of fractions.
Besides the Circoscrizioni there are also historical subdivisions, such as Terzi 'third' and Contrade in Siena , Quartieri / Rioni 'district / part of town' and Borgate (mostly [formerly] city centers surrounded by a city wall), which have more historical, folkloric significance and none Are administrative units in the modern sense.
Comunelli and property of the group
In some regions, factions can develop their own administration and have their own assets. This fortune often consists of forest or pasture. The proceeds from the management of these goods must be used in the parliamentary group. These factions are often called Comunelli . In L'Aquila there are such Comunelli that arose from places incorporated in 1927. These have their own statutes and their own elected bodies. There is also such self-administration in South Tyrol , in which a management committee is directly elected; in the other parliamentary groups, the parliamentary group leaders are appointed from the parliamentary group's (elected) municipal councils.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The implementing provisions of the law of December 24, 1954 n. 1228 assigns in Article 9 to the municipalities the task of defining the parliamentary groups in accordance with the guidelines of the National Institute for Statistics ( ISTAT ).
- ↑ a b c Ritten municipality , accessed on July 29, 2014.
- ^ Statute of the municipality of Bolzano (PDF; 388 kB), Article 33
- ^ Statute of self-administration of Tempera (municipality of L'Aquila )
- ↑ Self-administration in the portal of the South Tyrolean provincial administration
- ↑ List of South Tyrolean self-administrations in the South Tyrolean citizens' network