Friedenhain-Přešťovice

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Friedenhain-Přešťovice is an archaeological group of finds from the 5th century in Bohemia and Bavaria. It was named after two of her numerous cremation burial sites - Friedenhain near Straubing ( Bavaria ) and Přešťovice (German Prestowitz ) on the Otava (German Wottawa ) in the Czech Republic .

distribution

The Friedenhain-Prestovice culture is recognizable solely through its specific ceramics , which are assigned to the so-called Elbe - Germanic circle in terms of style and type of manufacture and appear along the Danube between Passau and Neuburg from around 400 AD . While the addition of these ceramics in the grave fields of Přešťovice and elsewhere in the Czech Republic ceased in the early 5th century, their presence expanded along the Danube to Linz ( Upper Austria ), up to the valley of the Altmühl ( warriors of Kemathen ), and to the Wertach in Swabia (former fort on Goldberg near Türkheim ).

Archaeologists' Elbe Germanic finds are often mixed up with things of Alemannic origin , especially in western Bavaria . Sometimes this is accompanied by place names that are derived from the name of the Thuringians ( Thürheim , Türkheim ). It is usually difficult to determine whether these Elbe Germanic finds were left behind by Friedenhainers or Thuringians.

Connection with the tribe of the Bavarians

The Friedenhainers initially only settled outside the Roman borders and on the other side of the Danube. In the following years they also took over Roman castles (e.g. Regensburg ) - presumably as federates . They immigrated at about the same time that the Vandals and Suebi left their settlement areas and, together with the Alans, began their great migration along the Danube to Gaul and Spain (406 crossing of the Rhine ).

There are no written reports about them. Eugippius , who in his biography of Severin von Noricum writes from his own experience about life on the Danube in the early days of the Great Migration , only names " barbarians " or Elbe-Germanic "Thuringians", which are solely related to the Friedenhainers in terms of both time and geography had brought.

For the formation of the Bavarian tribes, great importance has been attached to the Friedenhainers since they were discovered. When interpreting the etymology of the name of the Bavarians , this group of finds is interpreted as the part of the population giving the name - as "men from Bohemia ".

However, all of this is pure speculation without any concrete basis in sources or archaeological findings and is already being questioned again in the latest research.

literature

  • Karlheinz Fuchs: The Alemanni . Theiss, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8062-1302-X (catalog of the exhibition of the same name from June 14 to September 14, 1997 in the SüdwestLB-Forum Stuttgart).
  • Wilfried Menghin: Early history of Bavaria. Romans and Teutons, Bavarians and Swabians, Franks and Slavs . Theiss, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8062-0598-1 .
  • Th. Fischer, H. Geisler in: The Bajuwaren. From Severin to Tassilo , 488-788 . Rosenheim / Mattsee, 1988 (catalog of the Bavarian state exhibition of the same name from May 19 to November 6, 1988).