Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen

Baron Friedrich August Wilhelm Leopold Schütz von Holzhausen (born November 17, 1772 in Camberg ; † February 3, 1816 ibid) was Kurtrier bailiff in the Camberg office and President of the Accounts Chamber in the Duchy of Nassau from the Schütz von Holzhausen family .

family

Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen, who was a Catholic denomination, was the son of the chief bailiff Benedikt Schütz von Holzhausen (1729–1794) and his wife Anna Lioba, born Freiin von Hohenfeld (1739–1816). On July 4, 1803, he married Marianne nee Syberg (1782–1843). His son Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Freiherr Schütz von Holzhausen (1805–1866) was a member of the Nassauer Herrenbank 1831–1832 and 1832–1847 and the first chamber from 1855–1866. His brother Hugo Damian Ignaz Freiherr Schütz von Holzhausen (1780–1847) became a councilor and founder of the deaf-mute school in Camberg.

Life

Training and civil servant work

Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen joined the Electorate of Trier as domicellar on April 2, 1780 . He probably obtained a higher education in Trier. From 1786 to 1787 he studied philosophical sciences at the University of Mainz . From 1778 to 1790 he continued his studies at the University of Erfurt . He completed his studies with a doctorate. In a public disputation on July 1, 1790, he defended his dissertation “From the Rights of the Reichsverwesers”, which was dedicated to the Elector Clemens Wenzeslaus.

With an electoral patent dated September 8, 1792, he was appointed chamberlain and noble court and government councilor in Koblenz. On March 22, 1794, Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen succeeded his father as Kurtrierscher Oberamtmann for the offices of Limburg , Villmar , Camberg and Wehrheim .

As a senior bailiff he was responsible for all these offices, but his duties in the individual offices varied: in Limburg he was chairman of the official meetings and of the city council. He checked the city accounts and had the right to appoint mayors, city clerks, aldermen and councilors. In Wehrheim he was second instance in judicial matters, the actual administration was carried out by the local bailiff Johannes Jacobus Finger . In Hasselbach and Haintchen he carried out official business with his Nassau-Usingersche colleague. The main field of activity was the Camberg office. In Camberg he was responsible for all administrative, police and judicial matters.

In the first coalition war

From 1798 to 1801 he was head of the Oberlandeskommission in Limburg, which administered the rest of the Electorate of Trier. In the first coalition war , France occupied the left bank of the Rhine and later annexed it . Most of the electoral state including the capital Trier was lost. Limburg an der Lahn (also Montabaur and the Ehrenbreitstein fortress ) temporarily became the provisional main state of the rest of the state on the right bank of the Rhine.

In 1794, a regional governorship was initially formed in Montabaur. This acted completely independently, but should report every 14 days to the court in Augsburg or Ellwangen. Due to the military situation, on September 19, 1795, the elector issued instructions to the state governor to dissolve and bring valuables to a safe place. The removal of these valuables was also carried out by the administration of Baron Schütz von Holzhausen.

On September 5, 1795, Councilor Eschermann was commissioned to carry out the government business of the rump state. The work of this new government was hampered by the French. Conflicts also arose because the leadership of the Electorate of Trier troops was on Ehrenbreitstein and civil administration was not possible without the support of the military under war conditions.

On June 22, 1798, the elector ordered the formation of a provisional Higher Regional Commission based in Limburg under Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen. Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen was de jure head of government of Kurtrier, de facto his possibilities were few. Above all, cooperation with the French occupation forces was important. The point of conflict was often requisitions from the French military. Schütz von Holzhausen, who mastered the French language, had relatively good relations with the French and was able to partially reduce the burden. For example, French troops helped extinguish the fire in Camberg in 1798. After the Treaty of Lüneville on February 9, 1801, the provisional Higher Regional Commission was dissolved on September 7, 1801 and the Higher Regional Commission based in Ehrenbreitstein was formed.

Nassau diplomat

The areas on the right bank of the Rhine fell to Nassau-Weilburg in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 . When he officially took possession of it on December 21, 1802, he lost his bailiff in Wehrheim and Limburg, but retained the title of senior bailiff. Since 1806 he was senior bailiff in the amalgamated Office Kirberg , based in Camberg. He became a knight captain of the Burggrafschaft Friedberg .

Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen was a princely Nassau court and government councilor from 1802/03 and was involved as a Nassau diplomat in Regensburg in the negotiations of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss. On February 16, 1803 he traveled to Regensburg on behalf of the Princes of Nassau-Weilburg and Nassau-Usingen. The certificate of appointment as authorized representative dated February 10, 1803. The main agreements had already been negotiated by the heads of government Kruse and Gagern. A number of detailed questions still had to be clarified. This mainly concerned the question of sovereignty over the Villmar winery . After the dissolution of the Reich Deputation on May 10, 1803, he returned to Camberg in mid-June.

In 1805 he was again active in diplomacy and represented Nassau interests at the imperial court in Vienna. The instructions of the two sovereigns of August 29 and 30, 1805 describe the goals of his mission. He was in Vienna from September 15 to November 16, negotiating the desired elevation of the prince's rank. These negotiations were to come to an end with the increase of Nassau to the duchy as part of the accession to the Rhine Confederation .

Friedrich August Schütz von Holzhausen was not satisfied with his situation. On August 21, 1806, he wrote a letter of complaint to the Duke, complaining that the political events meant that he still had the title of senior bailiff and councilor but that he had no adequate job. The Duke complied with the wish for a new task and on September 27 appointed him Real Privy Councilor with the predicate Excellence and Nassau Chargé d'affaires at the Rheinbund in Frankfurt.

Orange official

With the state treaty of July 14, 1814, the former Orange places were returned to the re-established Nassau-Orange . This also affected his office in Kirberg. By decree of October 19, 1814, Schütz was appointed to the Nassau-Orange Real Secret Council with the predicate of excellence. From February 1, 1815, he became a member of the Privy Council College in Dillenburg with a salary of 3,400 guilders. With this new task his office in Camberg ended. On June 30, 1814, he became chief of police headquarters for Nassau-Orange. On May 31, 1815, the Oran hereditary lands were handed over to Prussia , which passed them on directly to the Duchy of Nassau. In the Duchy of Nassau, shortly before his death, he was promoted to President of the Nassau Chamber of Accounts.

literature

• Ulrich Lange: EC Pagenstecher - his family and the end of both offices, 1988, ISBN 3-87460-064-5 , pp. 5, 34, 25.
• H. Brunner: History of the Kurtrierischen Rump State 1794-1802, Diss. Phil., Giessen 1929.
• Otto Renkhoff : Nassau biography. Short biographies from 13 centuries. 2nd Edition. Wiesbaden 1992. ISBN 3-922244-90-4 , p. 731.
• Peter K. Schmidt, Civil Service in Times of Change. Friedrich August von Schütz zu Holzhausen (1772–1816) in the service of the Electorate of Trier and Nassau. In: Nassauische Annalen Vol. 121, 2010, pp. 167-200.

Web links

• Schütz von Holzhausen, Friedrich August Wilhelm Leopold Freiherr. Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).