Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg
Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg , full name Friedrich Johann Nepomuk Joseph August Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (born August 28, 1774 in Vienna , † November 18, 1795 in Weinheim ) was a German-Bohemian nobleman from the Schwarzenberg family who, in the First Coalition War , as an Austrian officer who died in the Electoral Palatinate and for whom an elaborate tomb was erected there.
biography
He was born the son of Prince Johann I zu Schwarzenberg (1742–1789) and his wife Marie Eleonore zu Oettingen-Wallerstein (1747–1797).
Friedrich zu Schwarzenberg received the knighthood of the Order of Malta at an early stage and from 1793 served as a lieutenant in the Kaiser-Franz-Chevauxlegern . The commander-in-chief, Prince Friedrich Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , reports honorably in his war memoirs about the young man and selected him as a courier to bring the news of the fall of the city of Le Quesnoy to the emperor . At the end of 1793 Schwarzenberg advanced to Rittmeister and then moved to the 8th Chevauxlegers Regiment "Lobkowitz" where he took part in its battles as squadron chief and distinguished himself several times for his bravery. Together with the Prince Brothers Moritz von Liechtenstein (1775–1819) and Franz Alois von Liechtenstein (1776–1794) he is described as “brave, active and skillful” in the undertakings of General Charles Joseph de Clerfayt in the Rhine region.
During the siege of Mannheim , General Dagobert von Wurmser had the fortified French camp near Neckarau (Neckarschanze) attacked on October 18, 1795 , which finally enabled the city to be conquered on November 22. During the attack on October 18, Rittmeister Schwarzenberg suffered a gunshot wound in the abdomen and was seriously wounded. He was brought to nearby Weinheim, where there was an aristocratic and administrative seat.
Prince Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg died here on November 18, 1795 after a difficult four-week sick bed and an unsuccessful operation. The house where he died, Obertorstrasse 1, has been preserved in Weinheim; the room in which the injured was lying is still called "the prince's room" and can be viewed. On his deathbed, the prince bequeathed his family heirloom to that of his relatives "who is a worthy son of his parents and grandparents, who devotes himself to the warrior class and promises to become a righteous man." He was buried in the old Laurentius Church near Weinheim Castle .
His brother, the later Field Marshal Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg (1771-1820), commander in chief of the allied armed forces against Emperor Napoleon , in the Battle of Leipzig , also stayed in the Palatinate war theater in 1795 and had a simple one for the dead in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Weinheim Have a monument set. The other brother, Prince Joseph II zu Schwarzenberg , replaced it in 1804/1805 with an elaborate and very high quality marble tomb, created by the Mannheim sculptor Maximilian Joseph Pozzi . It carries u. a. a bust of the dead, with a laurel wreath. The mortal remains of Friedrich zu Schwarzenberg were reburied in 1805 in the marble sarcophagus of the tomb. When the Catholic parish church of St. Laurentius was rebuilt at the beginning of the 20th century, Schwarzenberg's grave was transferred into it and a preferred location was dedicated to it.
Rittmeister Schwarzenberg's brother Ernst zu Schwarzenberg (1773–1821) served as Bishop of Raab in Hungary; Felix zu Schwarzenberg (1800-1852), Austrian Prime Minister and his brother Friedrich zu Schwarzenberg (1809-1885), Cardinal and Prince Archbishop of Prague, were among his nephews.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Schwarzenberg, Friedrich Johann Nepomuk Fürst (1775–1795) . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 33. Part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1877, p. 20 ( digitized version ).
- Kath. Pfarramt Weinheim: Church Guide St. Laurentius Weinheim , 2002, page 21
- Carl Caesar von Leonhard: Tourist book for Heidelberg and the surrounding area , part 2, page 211, Heidelberg, 1834, scan from the source
- Adolph Franz Berger: Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg, KK Prime Minister: a biographical monument , Leipzig, 1853, pages 143, 156 and 161; Scans from the source
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ The Fürstenhaus Schwarzenberg a memorial to the memory of Weiland His Highness Carl Fürsten zu Schwarzenberg, Governor of Transylvania , Hermanstadt, 1859, page 28; Scan from the source
- ↑ Streffleur's Military Journal , Volume 4, 1863, Volume 4, Page 19; Scan from the source
- ↑ Weinheim website, with a photo of the house where Prince Schwarzenberg died (4th photo)
- ^ Anton Prokesch von Osten: Memories from the Life of Field Marshal Prince Carl zu Schwarzenberg , Volume 1, Page 45, Vienna, 1861; Scan from the source
- ↑ Streffleur's Military Journal , Volume 4, 1863, Volume 4, Page 20; Scan from the source
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schwarzenberg, Friedrich Johann Nepomuk Joseph August Fürst too |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian nobleman and officer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 28, 1774 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 18, 1795 |
| Place of death | Weinheim |