St. Laurentius (Weinheim)

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St. Laurentius Church (behind the church tower, Weinheim Castle )
Front view
The patron saint St. Lawrence of Rome on the front facade
inner space
High altar
Tomb of the Prince of Schwarzenberg

The St. Laurentius Church is a Catholic church in Weinheim in the Rhein-Neckar district in northwest Baden-Württemberg . It was built between 1911 and 1913 according to plans by Ludwig Maier .

history

In 1232 the Lorsch monastery was subordinated to the Mainz bishops . Disputes between Mainz and the Count Palatine , who owned the Lorsch Bailiwick , arose over the Weinheim property . Around the middle of the 13th century, the Count Palatinate founded the new town directly to the south in competition with the old settlement. There Hedwig von Swende, wife of the knight Gudelmann von Weinheim, donated the first church in 1293 and handed it over to the Carmelites , who then built a monastery next to the church.

After the introduction of the Reformation , the Carmelites had to leave Weinheim in 1565. Thereafter, apart from a short Catholic phase in the Thirty Years' War , Reformed or Lutheran services were celebrated in the church. When Elector Philipp Wilhelm took office in 1685, a Catholic branch of the Wittelsbach family again took over the Palatinate. The Carmelites returned to the monastery and in 1693, protected by the French during the Palatine War of Succession , they took over the old religious order again.

The church was rebuilt in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The Carmelite monastery was abolished in 1802 by the Palatinate-Bavarian government. Around 1848 a church tower was built by Heinrich Hübsch, a citizen of Weinheim , because the church had only had one roof turret until then . A new church building was already taken into account when the tower was planned. The old St. Laurentius Church was east , so the choir was facing the market square. According to an initial plan by the archbishop's building authority in Heidelberg, the tower was to be built on the northeast corner of the choir and later incorporated into the facade of a new church. In the end, however, it was placed on the northwest corner of the nave.

In 1910 the demolition of the church began. Between 1911 and 1913 the new church was built, the orientation rotated. Of the old church, only the tower was retained, which now stood in the new choir flank. On May 13, 1914, the St. Laurentius Church was consecrated by the Archbishop of Freiburg, Thomas Nörber . In 1964/65 the church was renovated in the style of the time. By 1994, many changes were reversed and the church was restored to its original state. In 2006 the tower was renovated. The parish belongs together with the other parishes in Weinheim and in Hirschberg an der Bergstrasse to the pastoral care unit Weinheim-Hirschberg in the Dean's Office Heidelberg / Weinheim in the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

description

The St. Laurentius Church is in the center of Weinheim's old town on the market square. The three-aisled pillar basilica was the last construction carried out by the architect Ludwig Maier . Conceptually, it was based on designs by Heinrich Hübsch , who had planned a round-arched church together with the 55-meter-high church tower 60 years earlier .

The architecture follows the circumstances of the environment. The terrain is steeply sloping from the choir in the west to the front facade on the market square in the east. Therefore the choir is raised and the vestibule in the west can be reached via two outside stairs. Your arms also frame the war memorial erected in 1890. The vestibule leads to three portals in whose tympana paintings depict scenes from the New Testament. Statues of the apostles Peter and Paul are placed at the corners of the vestibule . Centrally above it is a golden figure of the church patron Laurentius .

Furnishing

Much of the interior of the old church was taken over in the new St. Laurentius Church.

Altars

The baroque high altar is mainly from around 1730. The figures on the altar extension were added later. The two side altars are just as old, on the left the Marian altar with the image of the Pieta and the holy grave under the altar hall (hidden behind a panel) and on the right the Joseph altar and the pulpit , which was moved from the main nave to the choir. On the east wall there are several frescoes from the 14th and 15th centuries.

Gravesites

44 tombstones, mainly from Weinheim aristocrats, are placed in the church and outside on the north wall. They range from Gothic to the 18th century.

The grave slab of the donor of the Carmelite Church Hedwig von Swende († 1293) is on the left side altar. Also noteworthy are the tomb of Philipp Forstmeister von Gelnhausen († 1512), the tomb of the Austrian Uhlan Rittmeister Prince Friedrich Johann Nepomuk zu Schwarzenberg († 1795) by the Mannheim sculptor Maximilian Joseph Pozzi , the grave slab of Ulrich Ulner von Dieburg († 1515) and his wife Dorothea Forstmeister von Gelnhausen († 1517), the epitaph of Maria Anna Babo († 1785) by the court sculptor Franz Conrad Linck from the Palatinate and the tomb of Baroness Maria Theresia Josepha Ulner von Dieburg nee. von Haxthausen (1692–1731), daughter of the Electoral Palatinate general or imperial field marshal lieutenant Johann Raab von Haxthausen († 1733 in Mainz, buried in Großwinternheim ) and wife of the Weinheim lord of the palace, Franz Pleickard Ulner von Dieburg .

The keystones of the Gothic vaults of the old church were decorated with coats of arms. They were attached to the south side entrance.

organ

Organ prospectus with Rückpositiv

The organ was built by Steinmeyer in 1950 and expanded in 1982. The instrument has 44 registers on three manuals and a pedal .

I Rückpositiv C–
Lovely Gedackt 8th'
Quintad 8th'
Praestant 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Night horn 2 ′
Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Sif flute 1'
Sesquialtera II
Cymbel IV 2 ⁄ 3 ′
Dulcian 16 ′
Cromorne 8th'
Tremulant
II main work C–
Covered pommer 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Covered 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
octave 4 ′
recorder 4 ′
Octav 2 ′
Mixture IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Cornett V 8th'
Trumpet 8th'
Cymbelstern
III Swell C–
Quintadena 16 ′
Reed flute 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Principal flute 4 ′
Coupling flute 4 ′
Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Wide principal 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Sharp IV 1'
Trumpet harm. 8th'
Clarine 4 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Principal bass 16 ′
Sub bass 16 ′
Subtle bass 16 ′
Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave bass 8th'
Dacked bass 8th'
Choral bass 4 ′
Back set IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Bombard 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Trumpet 4 ′

literature

  • Sabine Bruss: The work of the architect Ludwig Maier (1848–1915) . Kiel 1999, ISBN 3-933598-04-4 .
  • Rainer Laun: Rhein-Neckar-Kreis , in: Dagmar Zimdars u. a. (Ed.), Georg Dehio (Gre.): Handbook of German Art Monuments : Baden-Württemberg I. The administrative districts of Stuttgart and Karlsruhe . Munich 1993, ISBN 3-422-03024-7 .
  • Hans Huth: The art monuments of the Mannheim district: Without the city of Schwetzingen . Munich 1967.
  • State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and the districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description , Bd. 3: The city of Mannheim and the communities of the district of Mannheim . Karlsruhe 1970.
  • Martin Kares, Michael Kaufmann, Godehard Weithoff: Organ guide Rhein-Neckar-Kreis . Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-932102-07-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Andreas Saalwächter, Franz Weyell: The palatial grounds in Ingelheim am Rhein and its mills , Volume 14 by: contributions to Ingelheim History , Historical Society Ingelheim, 1963, p 46 u. 47; (Detail scan)
  2. ↑ Historical website on the grave of Field Marshal Lieutenant Johann Raban von Haxthausen in Großwinternheim
  3. ↑ More information on the organ of the Laurentius Church (PDF; 201 kB)

Web links

Commons : St. Laurentius (Weinheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 32 '46.6 "  N , 8 ° 40' 15.9"  E