Friedrich darling

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Friedrich Liebling, Zurich 1974

Friedrich Liebling (born October 25, 1893 in Augustowka, Galicia , Austria-Hungary , today Awhustiwka (Russian: Awgustowka), Kosova Rajon , Ternopil Oblast , Ukraine as Solomon Liebling ; † February 28, 1982 in Zurich , Switzerland ) was a non- Academically trained psychologist from the school of individual psychology Alfred Adler .

biography

Salomon Liebling was born in Galicia as the eldest son of an estate manager. When he was five years old, his father died. As soon as possible he had to take care of his younger siblings in his place. Reliable information about his youth is scarce. He is said to have come to Vienna in 1913 to start studying medicine. When the First World War broke out, however, he volunteered and fought on the Eastern Front for four years. The war experiences made him a pacifist, which he remained throughout his life. Towards the end of the war he changed his first name and returned to Vienna as Friedrich Liebling. Here he met the “peace warrior” and anarchist Pierre Ramus , who had a strong influence on his political thinking. Liebling became active in the " Kropotkin Group " initiated by Ramus and began to be interested in the depth psychological foundations of domination.

Address book of the City of Vienna «Lehmann» 1939

He became a student of Alfred Adler . It was the time of Red Vienna , in which Adler's individual psychology , along with Freud's psychoanalysis , found widespread use thanks to its success in the Vienna school reform . In 1924, Liebling founded his first practice at 19 Fröbelgasse in Vienna. The annexation of Austria to the German Reich made him flee to Switzerland in 1938. He and his family first found refuge in Schaffhausen, where he only lived in relative security, as he was not given a formal residence permit until 1950. In 1951 he moved to Zurich and with the young Josef Rattner , whom he had adopted as a foster son, began to set up the “Psychological Teaching and Counseling Center”, which later became known as the “Zurich School for Psychotherapy”. After his death, some of the former employees and students, including the later director Annemarie Buchholz-Kaiser , founded the Association for the Promotion of Psychological Knowledge of Human Being (VPM).

Practice and work

The theoretical foundations of his practice were based on the findings of depth psychological research that had been confirmed up to that point. In the individual psychology of Alfred Adler favorite saw the most fruitful approach to the development of psychological research. In order to be able to help the individual in his inner need, he tried to make all the insights and experiences of modern psychology about people (such as neo-psychoanalysis , cultural anthropology , etc.) usable for his daily practice, beyond any "school standpoint" . He combined psychological knowledge with knowledge of cultural influences, historical developments and intellectual currents.

The person who comes to us, the person who has difficulties in his life, with his wife, with his husband, his child, his neighbor, his boss or his subordinate, the person who has problems with learning, or otherwise Not getting along with his life is not a “case”, a “patient” or a “client” with us. He's not sick either. No, he was misinformed in his childhood. And what do we do? We inform him correctly. That means we explain the basics of modern psychology to him. He researches his life story, recognizes how he has become, what opinions he has about life, others and himself. By explaining the nature of man to him, he begins to experiment himself. (...) When you come to me, you have to start thinking for yourself. (...) The difficult thing about psychology is the change in feelings.

- Friedrich darling

In terms of an effective prophylaxis against mental distress, he promoted public education and the training of people in terms of mental hygiene . Together with Josef Rattner , he wrote innumerable articles in magazines and books, founded the publishing house Psychological Human Knowledge and organized weekly professional courses and seminars for psychologists, doctors, teachers and parents as well as interdisciplinary conferences and congresses several times a year. In the tradition of Alfred Adler , children, youth and family holidays were held in which they learned together. In the course of decades of development, a counseling center was created under the direction of Friedrich Liebling. At the same time, the Zurich School for Psychotherapy was a research and training facility. From the late 1960s to the 1980s, the Zurich School was the largest psychological movement in Switzerland, most recently with around 3,000 participants at home and abroad.

Works

  • Essays . Publishing Human Knowledge , Zurich 1992, ISBN 3-906989-24-0 .
  • The teachers and their worries. Psychological human knowledge publishing house, Zurich 1983, ISBN 3-85999-006-3 ( New ways in psychology. Vol. 3).
  • The parents and their worries. Psychological human knowledge publishing house, Zurich 1982, ISBN 3-85999-005-5 ( New ways in psychology. Vol. 2).
  • Life problems in the light of modern psychology. Publishing house Psychological Human Knowledge , Zurich 1980, ISBN 3-85999-001-2 ( New Paths in Psychology. Vol. 1).

literature

  • Marianne Schuler: The Zurich School. And the fight for Friedrich's favorite legacy . Zurich: rüffer & rub non-fiction book publisher. 2019. ISBN 978-3-907110-06-5
  • Peter Boller: Darling, Friedrich. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Friedrich Liebling 1893–1982 in memory. Psychological Human Knowledge Publishing House, Zurich 1983, ISBN 3-85999-016-0 .
  • Reinhard Müller: Friedrich Liebling 1893–1982, psychologist and psychotherapist. In: Archives for the History of Sociology in Austria. Newsletter No. 17, Graz 1997, pp. 17–19.
  • Gerda Fellay: La conception de l'éducation de Friedrich Liebling (1893–1982). Peter Lang, Bern / Berlin / Frankfurt am Main / New York / Paris / Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-906754-65-0 , 2 volumes.
  • Josef Rattner: Friedrich Liebling and group therapy. In: G. Mackenthun and A. Lévy (eds.): Gestalten um Alfred Adler - Pioneers of Individual Psychology Verlag Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2002, pp. 175–202, ISBN 3-8260-2156-8 .
  • Gerda Fellay: Friedrich Liebling. Psychologue libertaire. Lyon: Atelier de création libertaire 2004, ISBN 2-905691-93-X .
  • Moritz Grasenack (ed.): The libertarian psychotherapy by Friedrich Liebling. Edition AV , Lich 2005, ISBN 3-936049-51-3 .
  • Peter Boller: “Changing the world with psychology”: The “Zurich School” Friedrich Favorit and society 1952-1982. Chronos, Zurich 2007, ISBN 3-0340-0853-8 . (First under the title: Changing the world with psychology? Friedrich Favorit "Zürcher Schule" 1952-1982. A psychological school and social movement in biographical interviews as a dissertation Basel 2005).
  • Urs Hafner: Psychology as a panacea , review of Peter Boller, Changing the world with psychology , Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ), November 16, 2007
  • The Swiss Observer (ed.): The dispute over favorite money and spirit: a memorial is cut . Glattbrugg February 26, 1988, p. 10-13 .
  • Students and employees of Friedrich Liebling, What can happen to a person with us, contribution to the 24th Congress of the Zurich School of Psychotherapy from July 30th to August 13th 1983, editors: Marianne Truttmann, Jutta Gensch
  • Sebastian Borger, "This beatific grin", Der Spiegel, No. 43/1992, pp. 87-105
  • Frank Nordhausen, VPM - Warning of a Psychosect, Die Zeit, No. 43, October 22, 1993, pp. 85 f.
  • Frank Nordhausen, Liane v. Billerbeck, Psycho-Sekten Die Praktiken der Seelenfänger, updated and revised version 1999 for the Fischer TB edition, here: Der verdeckte Kampf, pp. 267–306

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bernhard Handlbauer, in: The history of the development of the individual psychology of Alfred Adlers . Geyer-Edition, Vienna 1984, quotation, page 266: From the twenties at the latest, however, a development emerged that was to become a characteristic of individual psychology, namely the dominance of practice over theory.
  2. ↑ Advice center for life questions: What is special about the Zurich school?
  3. ^ Publisher's text on Boller (see literature).
personal data
SURNAME Darling, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Darling, Solomon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Augustowka, Galicia, Austria-Hungary, now Awgustiwka , Rajon Kosowa , Oblast Ternopil , Ukraine
DATE OF DEATH February 28, 1982
Place of death Zurich