Friedrich Schwally

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Friedrich Zacharias Schwally (born August 10, 1863 in Butzbach ; † February 5, 1919 in Königsberg i. Pr. ) Was a German orientalist .

Friedrich Schwally

Life

After attending school in Butzbach and the early accidental death of his father, which he had to experience as a six-year-old, Schwally passed the final exam at the Ludwig-Georgs-Gymnasium in Darmstadt in 1883 , where he later acquired a teaching qualification for religion, Hebrew and German for a short time after 1889 worked as an assistant teacher. Schwally first studied theology and oriental studies in Gießen and received his doctorate there in 1888 after a study visit to Strasbourg with Theodor Nöldeke on an Old Testament topic on Dr. phil. He was influenced by Bernhard Stade , who was also his doctoral supervisor. 1892 followed the doctorate to Lic. Theol. also in casting. His Old Testament habilitation thesis was rejected in Halle / Saale in 1892 because his conclusions contradicted the zeitgeist of the time. He then turned more to oriental studies and completed his habilitation in Strasbourg in 1893 in the subject of "Semitic languages".

There he also began his university career as a private lecturer until he went back to Gießen in 1901 for a specialty for Semitic languages. After a call to India was rejected, his professorship was converted into a regular full professorial position in 1908. He stayed at this place of work until he accepted a position in Königsberg in 1914, where he died in 1919.

He undertook several research trips abroad, including Paris, London and Leiden. He lived in Cairo and Turkey for a long time to study customs and traditions. He maintained contact with his specialist colleagues at home and abroad. He was related by marriage to the orientalist Heinrich Zimmer . In character, he was an undemanding, straightforward, truthful person who enjoyed hiking in his free time and mingling with other people to study their lives and languages.

Schwally is best known for the complete revision of Theodor Nöldeke's History of the Qoran , which he undertook in 1909 and 1919 . The timeless significance of this work is made clear, among other things, by the fact that the sixth reprint was published in 2008.

His book The Holy War in Ancient Israel was the first major treatise devoted exclusively to this subject.

Honors

In 1913 Schwally received the Order of the Red Eagle, 4th class, from Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Publications (selection)

  • The speeches of the book of Jeremiah against the Gentiles. Wilhelm Keller, Giessen 1888.
  • The Afterlife According to the Concepts of Ancient Israel and Judaism, Including Popular Beliefs in the Age of Christ: A Biblical Examination. Ricker, Giessen 1892.
  • Idioticon of Christian Palestinian Aramaic. Ricker, Giessen 1893.
  • (Ed.) The culture of Islam in the Middle Ages. In: Friedrich von Hellwald : Cultural history in its natural development up to the present. Vol. 3: Cultural history of the Middle Ages. 4th edition. P. Friesenhahn, Leipzig 1897, pp. 235–352 ( digitized version ).
  • Ibraham ibn Muhammed el-Baihaqi Kitab el Mahdsin val Masdwi. Leipzig 1899–1902.
  • Semitic antiquities. The holy war in ancient Israel. Weicher, Leipzig 1901.
  • (Ed.) Kitab al-mahasin vai-masavi. Published with the support of the royal. Prussian Academy of Sciences. Ricker, Giessen 1902.
  • (Articles) Bernhard Stade : The books of Kings. Critical edition of the Hebrew text, Hinrichs, Leipzig 1904.
  • (Contributions) Biographies of Muhammad, his companions and the later bearers of Islam. Brill, Leiden 1905-1940.
  • The biblical accounts of creation. BG Teubner, Leipzig 1906.
  • (Editor) Theodor Nöldeke: History of the Qoran. 2nd Edition. Part 1: About the origin of the Qoran. Weicher, Leipzig 1909.
  • Contributions to the knowledge of the life of the Mohammedan townspeople, Fellahs and Bedouins in today's Egypt. Heidelberg 1912.
  • The holy war of Islam in the light of religious history and constitutional law. In: International monthly for science, art and technology. Vol. 10, 1916, pp. 688-713.
  • (Editor) Theodor Nöldeke: History of the Qoran. 2nd Edition. Part 2: The Gathering of the Qoran. Weicher, Leipzig 1919.

literature

  • Herrmann AL Degener : Who is it. Degener, Berlin 1914, pp. 1554–1555.
  • Johann Fück : The Arabic Studies in Europe until the beginning of the 20th century. Harrassowitz, Leipzig 1955.
  • Ignaz Goldziher : Diary. Edited by Alexander Scheiber , Brill, Leiden 1978, p. 232.
  • Paul Kahle : Friedrich Schwally In: Islam. Journal of the History and Culture of the Islamic Orient . Volume 10, 1920, pp. 238-242.
  • Rudi Paret : The Study of Arabic and Islam at German Universities: German Orientalists since Theodor Nöldeke. Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1968, pp. 13, 22, 24.
  • Rudolf Sellheim : Autobiographical notes and memories of Carl Brockelmann. In: Oriens. Vol Volume 27, 1982, pp. 1-65, here p. 27.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 6. Reprint of the history of the Qoran ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.olms.de
  2. ^ Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette . 1913, Appendix 20, p. 179.
personal data
SURNAME Schwally, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwally, Friedrich Zacharias (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German orientalist, theologian and Islam researcher
DATE OF BIRTH August 10, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Butzbach
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1919
Place of death Koenigsberg