Fritz Maskos

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Fritz Maskos (born July 8, 1896 in Dresden , † April 6, 1967 in Altschweier ) was a German sculptor and is controversial due to his involvement in National Socialism . After 1945 his work was only shown to the public occasionally.

Life

There are no reliable data on the artist's life. Maskos is said to have been a soldier in the First World War . After the end of the war he studied at the Dresden Art Academy from 1918 to 1920 with Georg Wrba and from 1921 to 1922 with Otto Hettner . He took part in exhibitions in Dresden and received a lot of attention. There are said to have been many images in Dresden exhibition catalogs from the 1920s, but no reference can be found in the holdings of the German National Library .

According to unconfirmed information, he lived in East Berlin after 1945 . Due to his involvement with the Nazi regime , he was banned from working by the Soviet occupying power and therefore fled to West Germany. From 1952 Maskos is said to have been assigned to the Altschweier refugee camp (near Bühl / Baden) and then to have taken up residence in the same place.

plant

Important works by the artist include, for example, the head of the Russian dancer Eugenie Tolmbojewa (Tairoff Theater, Moscow), the portrait mask of the poet Alfred Günther or a large nude of a girl (International Art Exhibition, 1926). In terms of motifs, Maskos seems to have concentrated exclusively on the figure and portrait. According to factory photos from those years, influences from antiquity (polychrome sculpture), Rodin's, Art Nouveau and Expressionism as well as modern art can be identified. In 1924 the Dresden City Gallery bought its artificial stone sculpture Sonambule . In 1927 Maskos donated the portrait of the poet A. Günther to the art collection of Marburg University ,

After the “ seizure of power ” in 1934, Maskos was prominently represented in the fronzispiz with a bronze sculpture Der Führer in the “ NS-Frauenbuch , published on behalf of the Supreme Management of the PO, NS-Frauenschaft ” . In the same year in the main Saxon State Archives in Dresden, a bust of Adolf Hitler created by Fritz Maskos was placed in the entrance hall. In 1937 his work Somnambule , created in the 1920s, was confiscated from the Dresden City Gallery and shown at the Berlin exhibition Degenerate Art in 1938 . At the Great Dresden Art Exhibition in 1943 he was represented with a pastel late summer still life. In 2012, an etching Sensitive Woman (1922) appeared at the Schwabing art find .

Sculptures by the artist are in the municipal collections of Freital and Dresden . In 2006 a sculpture by the artist was exhibited in the Dresden City Art Collection and in 2008 in the arched gallery of the Dresden Zwinger . Occasionally, works by the artist can be found at art auctions.

Exhibitions (selection)

literature

  • Martin Papenbrock, Gabriele Saure (Hrsg.): Art of the early 20th century in German exhibitions: Part 1. Exhibitions of German contemporary art in the Nazi era . Publishing house and database for the humanities, Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-89739-041-8 .
  • Martin Papenbrock, Gabriele Saure (Hrsg.): Art of the early 20th century in German exhibitions: Part 2. Antifascist artists in exhibitions of the Soviet Zone and the GDR . Publishing house and database for the humanities, Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-89739-040-X .
  • Ellen Semmelroth (arrangement): NS women's book . Verlag J. Lehmann, Munich 1934 (the frontispiece panel shows Maskos' sculpture Der Führer ).
  • Hansachim Wolf: The sculptor Fritz Maskos . In: Illustrirte Zeitung . No. 4321 , 1928, pp. 20 (Contains images of somnambulists , lament , portrait bust of a young woman , Venetian , lovers ).
  • Ernst Kállai: The sculptor Fritz Maskos . In: German art and decoration . tape 30 , no. 7 . Alexander Koch publishing house, Darmstadt 1927, p. 230–234 ( digitized version - contains images of “Portrait bust Eugenia Tolmbojewa”, Venetian , “Portrait bust”, “The poet Alfred Günther”).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Archive of the Dresden University of Fine Arts.
  2. ^ Maskos, Fritz . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 24 : Mandere – Möhl . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1930, p. 207 .
  3. ↑ Lost works of art from the Dresden City Art Collection (PDF)
  4. ↑ Ruth Heftig: Fanatiker der Sachlichkeit: Richard Hamann and the reception of modernity in German university art history 1930-1960. Walter de Gruyter, 2014, ISBN 978-3-05-009503-5 , p. 40.
  5. ↑ also : Adolf Hitler
  6. ↑ Jürgen Rainer Wolf: "... participate actively in the general rise of the nation": The new building of the Saxon Central State Archives in Dresden , p. 12. Website of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
  7. ^ Exhibition catalog (No. 158) Great Dresden Art Exhibition 1943. p. 21.
  8. ^ Lost Art Public Prosecutor Augsburg
  9. ↑ Freital Municipal Collections. Municipal art collection. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on December 26, 2017 .
  10. ↑ 200 years of art in Dresden / opening , press release for the exhibition July 2005 – January 2006 in the Dresden City Gallery.
  11. ↑ Facets of Modernity - The Changing Image of Man , press release for the 2008 exhibition of the Dresden State Art Collections.
  12. ↑ Art auction ( Memento from July 18, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  13. ↑ Martin Papenbrock, Gabriele Saure (ed.): Art of the early 20th century in German exhibitions: Part 2. Antifascist artists in exhibitions in the Soviet Zone and the GDR . Publishing house and database for the humanities, Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-89739-040-X .
personal data
SURNAME Maskos, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH July 8, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH April 6, 1967
Place of death Old Swiss