Fritz Ruppert

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Fritz Ruppert (born November 16, 1887 in Wiesbaden , † October 10, 1945 in Landsberg an der Warthe ) was a German lawyer and ministerial official in the Reich Ministry of the Interior during the Weimar Republic and at the time of National Socialism .

Life

Ruppert was the son of a tobacco wholesaler. After he had passed the school leaving examination in his hometown, he studied law at the universities of Marburg and Gießen from 1906 . He passed his first state examination in law in 1910 and then completed his legal clerkship in Berlin . During the First World War he did military service in the German Army from 1914 to 1918 , most recently in the rank of lieutenant of the reserve. After the end of the war, he passed the second state examination in law in 1919 and joined the Reich Ministry of the Interior (RMI) as an assessor in Berlin .

From 1920 he was Councilor and Speaker of 1923 promoted to the Division II RMI (public health, citizenship, tourist services) and became a senior civil servant. From 1924 to 1926 he was a full member of the Federal Office for the Homeland. Ruppert was promoted to ministerial councilor in 1927 and worked in the RMI for public health, welfare and Germanness. During the Weimar Republic he played a key role in shaping welfare legislation. He campaigned for a preservation law that was never enacted , which was supposed to regulate the legal basis for the compulsory placement of so-called welfare clients.

At the German Association for Public and Private Welfare , Ruppert was a member of the main committee until 1933. He was co-editor of the German magazine for welfare . From 1935 to 1939 Ruppert was in the local government department of the RMI for the area of public welfare . Within the RMI, he also worked in Department I (Civil Service Law) and VI (Budget and Accounting) from 1936.

After the welfare department was added to the RMI's health department under Leonardo Conti in September 1939 , he headed both the welfare and youth care departments there. In this function, Ruppert was ultimately the most important ministerial official contact person for cities and welfare authorities, also for questions about anti-Jewish welfare policy. In 1941 Hans Muthesius became his deputy . Together with his deputy Muthesius and the detective Friedrike Wieking, he helped set up the “ youth protection camps ”. In personal union he also worked from 1939 to 1942 in Department VII (training) in the Reich Ministry of Justice . In April 1943, Ruppert signed a letter addressed to the administration of the Hesse district association, thereby initiating the “institutional accommodation of Jewish mixed race minors”. In this context, Ernst Klee points out that “Jewish half- breeds” between the ages of six and seventeen were murdered at the Hadamar killing center in the early autumn of 1943 .

Ruppert was already general advisor to the German Red Cross (DRK) during the Weimar Republic . During the Nazi era, he was involved in the law on the German Red Cross of December 9, 1937 , the aim of which was to militarize this organization. In 1939 he became general leader of the DRK. From 1943 he was general chief at the DRK. He also volunteered for the Lebensborn e. V.

Ruppert's applications for membership in the NSDAP were rejected because he was inclined to left-wing parties during the Weimar Republic, had not been committed to National Socialism after the “ seizure of power ” and his wife's mother was considered a fully Jewish woman . However, he belonged u. a. the NS-Juristenbund and the NSV . On June 9, 1939, Adolf Hitler put Ruppert's sons on an equal footing with so-called "German bloods" . Nevertheless, his sons Fritz (* 1917), Hans (* 1920) and Gerd (* 1926) and their father - despite his petition for clemency - were refused admission to the NSDAP. Since his wife was considered half-Jewish under National Socialism , he was no longer promoted from 1933. At the end of 1944, with Heinrich Himmler's approval, he was arrested by the Gestapo for “alleged moral misconduct” and briefly imprisoned. After his release from prison he was drafted as a foundry worker at the Borsig works and drafted into the Volkssturm at the end of the war . He was interned by the Soviets and died on October 10, 1945 in the Landsberg / Warthe camp .

After the end of the war, the public prosecutor's office at the Frankfurt am Main regional court began investigations against him in 1946 because of potential responsibility for Nazi euthanasia in the Baden administrative region.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 515
  2. ↑ a b c Rainer Bookhagen: The Protestant child care and the inner mission in the time of National Socialism , Volume 2: Retreat in the area of ​​the church 1937 to 1945 , Göttingen 2002, p. 1058
  3. ↑ a b c Fritz Ruppert in the online version of the edition files of the Reich Chancellery. Weimar Republic
  4. ^ Matthias Willing: The Preservation Law (1918-1967). A legal historical study on the history of German welfare. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2003, p. 89
  5. ^ Matthias Willing: The Preservation Law (1918-1967). A legal historical study on the history of German welfare. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2003, p. 89
  6. ↑ Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Interaction between local and central politics in the Nazi state (1933–1942) , Munich 2002, p. 312
  7. ↑ Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Interaction between local and central politics in the Nazi state (1933–1942) , Munich 2002, pp. 28f.
  8. ↑ Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Interaction between local and central politics in the Nazi state (1933–1942) , Munich 2002, p. 329
  9. ^ Matthias Willing: The Preservation Law (1918-1967). A legal historical study on the history of German welfare , Tübingen 2003, p. 202
  10. ↑ Ernst Klee : 'Euthanasia' in the Third Reich , completely revised. New edition Frankfurt / M. 2010, ISBN 978-3-596-18674-7 , p. 412
  11. ↑ Markus Wicke: SS and DRK. The Presidium of the German Red Cross in the National Socialist system of rule 1937–1945. , Vicia, Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-8311-4125-8 , p. 78
  12. ↑ Winfried Süß: The "People's Body" in War: Health Policy, Health Conditions and Sick Murder in National Socialist Germany 1939-1945 , Munich 2003, p. 110
  13. ↑ Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Interaction between local and central politics in the Nazi state (1933–1942) , Munich 2002, p. 28
  14. ^ Matthias Willing: The Preservation Law (1918-1967). A legal historical study on the history of German welfare , Tübingen 2003, p. 181
  15. ^ Peter Sander: Administration of the Sick Murder - The District Association of Nassau in National Socialism , Gießen 2003, p. 739
personal data
SURNAME Ruppert, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German administrative lawyer and ministerial official
DATE OF BIRTH November 16, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Wiesbaden
DATE OF DEATH October 10, 1945
Place of death Landsberg on the Warta