Fronau (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those "Von Fraunau auß Bayrn" (from Fronau, Fronauer), after Scheibler (between 1450 and 1580)
Ruins of Schwärzenberg Castle near Strahlfeld (Roding) , district of the town of Roding , Cham district, Bavaria, once owned by the von Fronau (Fronauer)

Fronau ( Franau, Frenau, Fronauer ) is the name of a noble family from the Upper Palatinate in Bavaria , which later branched into Austria and belonged there with many possessions to the Lower Austrian rural nobility .

history

Origin and possessions

The noble family von Fronau has its origin in Bavaria near Roding in the eastern Bavarian district of Cham in the Upper Palatinate , but found a new home in Austria between approx. 1317 to 1608. The castle Schwärzenberg near Strahlfeld (Roding) , part of the town of Roding, district of Cham , Bavaria, was once owned by the von Fronau family. Andreas von Fronau as lord of the castle was mentioned in the first documentary mention of Schwärzenberg Castle in 1306. Peter Fronauer attacked merchants from Regensburg from 1390 . In 1400 he sold half of his castle to his close relative, Hans Zenger von Zangenfels.

During the fighting under Emperor Friedrich III. during his rule the Fronauer took part significantly. A certain Gervicus de Fronowe (around 1182) appeared early in the Middle Ages. Hartwig and Rudigier v. Fronau were mentioned as a witness (1271) in a deed of foundation for the Church of Our Lady in Munich. Friedrich Fronau was active as Bishop of Chiemsee in 1293. Rapoto von Fronau was mentioned as a witness (1317) in a deed of donation to the Frauenkloster Sankt Jakob zu Kirchberg, and thus for the first time among those of Fronau in Austria. Bernhard von Fronau , married to Elisabeth von Wurmbrand , refuted the marriage property with half a fiefdom in Krumpach, a farm in Längbach and two farms in Schönau.

Stefan von Fronau , descendant of the aforementioned Bernhard von Fronau, was the son of Bernhard II von Fronau and Elisabeth von Wiesenfried. He married Katharina von Klingen (noble family) and fathered Rudolf and Gerhard von Fronau with her before he died in 1405 and was buried with his wife, who died in 1411, in the parish church of Krumpach. Gerhard von Fronau was a knight and lord of Krumpach, Längsbach, Wolfsbach and Sebenbrunn , and married Margarethe von Görz (also Meinhardiner ), with whom he fathered four sons, including Conrad (also Gamaret ), Bernhard , Gerhard and Wilhem . Throughout his life he was given as a fief the village Uttendorf of Duke Leopold in 1408, later (1421) also of Duke Albert commissioned the castle Gars to manage and protect. Conrad / Gamaret, the elder, was married to Margarethe von Rohrbach for the second time and with her fathered Pangratz and Conrad / Gamaret, the younger . A knight Fronauer , probably Conrad / Gamaret, the elder, burned Zwentendorf, property of Eberhard von Capell , down in 1461 before the Streun von Schwarzenau family , also Strein (noble family) , became landlords there around 1524 . He came into the possession of Gaiselberg, Höflein on the Danube and Schrick as a fiefdom of Prince Emperor Friedrich in 1464. He had up to 20 possessions in his time and was considered one of the richest knights in Lower Austria.

When his son Pangratz von Fronau died, his wife Agnes was placed in the Augustinian order in St. Lorenz in Vienna , where she died in 1510. His other son Conrad / Gamaret (also Gamareth Fronauer ), the younger, zu Dürnkrut, Erdberg, Gaiselberg, Neusiedl ad Z., Schrick, was active as an ordinance of the knighthood and at the same time also the last offspring in the male line in Lower Austria. Married to Elisabeth von Stainpeiss from the Austrian noble family von Steinpeiss , he fathered only one daughter, whom he named Margarethe . While it ended in Austria, the main line of those from Fronau in Bavaria continued to branch for some time.

The Fronauer knights were rich and in Austria a. a. owned by Anger, Altlengbach, Dürnkrut, Erdberg, Gaiselberg, Göttelsbrunn, Kirchbach, Krumpach, Neusiedl a. Z., Ort, Pazmannsdorf, Schrick, Siebenbrunn, Uttendorf, Velbn, Vischa, Wolfsbach and Weyden . The possessions of Gars , Gänserndorf , Obersiebenbrunn Castle , Pottschach , Dürnkrut, Greifenstein Kirchstetten , Orth an der Donau , Pottenburg and Unterthurm were connected in a special way with the history of the Fronauer.

Velm

Velm is located in Lower Austria in the Vienna area and is close to and south of Himberg. It was owned by the Knights of Fronau around 1450 until it was designated as öd in 1499 and was taken over by Knight Lerch in 1504.

Gars

After the Maissauer were owners until 1430, under the sovereign owners mostly pawnbrokers appeared as owners, including the von Fronau family.

Gänserndorf

After the Zelking (1331) and Liechtenstein (1452) families, Gänserndorf was also owned by the Fronauer, who transferred it to Dr. Johannes Schnaidpeckh, later Baron von Schönkirchen, transferred.

Obersiebenbrunn Castle

Around 1406 the Wallseer were replaced by the Fronauer, who could now hold the possession of Obersiebenbrunn Castle for 100 years. Around 1515 the rule came to the Grabner family of Rosenburg and in 1579 to the barons of Herberstein.

Pottschach

Pottschach owned the moated castle Pottschach, probably built in 1395 by Hans von Pottschach, and in the 15th century it came to the Lords of Fronau, through whom ownership passed on to the noble families of Krottendorf and Hagen.

Dürnkrut

From 1361 Dürnkrut was administered by the Lords of Zelking. These were followers of the Schaunbergs, later the Habsburgs, until Gerhard Fronauer was enfeoffed with the castle in 1419 and his son Gamaret in 1464. The von Lembach family were the new owners of Dürnkrut Castle from 1503.

Greifenstein

The mercenary leader Gamareth Fronauer took Greifenstein Castle in 1461 and set it on fire; however, it was rebuilt in two years. But soon they occupied the Hungarians in 1477 under the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus , although some historians doubt the occupations.

Kirchstetten

The brothers Bernhard and Michael, the Reyffenberger, were enfeoffed with castle and tithe from Kirchstetten until in 1498 Kirchstetten was transferred to Gamaret Fronauer, who in turn transferred the fiefdom to Hanns and Georg Lamberger in 1506.

Orth on the Danube

As a carer, Gerhard Fronauer received the rule of Orth on the Danube from Friedrich III in a sham shop. But there was a dispute after Gerhard von Fronau fell in the fight against the Slovak mercenary leader Ledwenko von Ruchenau. Because his brother Gamareth did not want to give up the property until in 1460 the castle could be taken after a long siege and alleged bribery.

Pottenburg

Pottenburg, also known as Mädchenburg or Hasenburg, was acquired by Count Konrad von Schaunberg in 1343 and had to hand it over in 1351. The sovereign as the owner later had to drive Gamareth Fronauer from the castle in 1460. This was because he had established himself in the castle. The rulership, also known as Vestenthurn, was remnant of the old Veste Turn and briefly owned by the Fronauer. When Jörg Seebeck, owner of Turn in 1386 and caretaker at Neulengbach Castle in 1401, had competition from Stephan Fronauer as a fiefdom taker for the Wallseer in Altlengbach and Turn, he finally prevailed and drove the Fronauer out of the lordship as early as 1418.

Unterthurm

The rulership, also known as Vestenthurn, was remnant of the old Veste Turn and briefly owned by the Fronauer. When Jörg Seebeck, owner of Turn in 1386 and carer at Neulengbach Castle, faced competition from Stephan Fronauer as a fiefdom taker in Altlengbach and Turn der Wallseer in 1401, he finally prevailed and drove the Fronauer out of the lordship as early as 1418.

Name bearer

  • Gervicus de Fronowe , lived around 1182
  • Hartwig and Rudigier v. Fronau, lived around 1271
  • Friedrich von Fronau (* in the 13th century; † October 8, 1293), from 1292 to 1293 bishop of the Chiemsee diocese
  • Rapoto von Fronau , lived in Austria around 1317
  • Bernhard von Fronau , married to Elisabeth von Wurmbrand
  • Stefan (Stephan) von Fronau , descendant of Bernhard von Fronau, son of Bernhard II. Von Fronau and Elisabeth von Wiesenfried (died 1411), married to Katharina von Klingen and producer of Rudolf and Gerhard von Fronau, died 1405, buried around 1411 with Wife in the parish church in Krumpach
  • Gerhard von Fronau, knight and lord of Krumpach, Längsbach, Wolfsbach and Sebenbrunn , married to Margarethe von Görz, father of Conrad / Gamaret, Bernhard, Gerhard and Wilhelm, fiefdom taker from the village of Uttendorf (1408), lord of the castle (1421) from Burg Gars
  • Conrad / Gamaret, the elder , married in second marriage to Margarethe von Rohrbach, father of Pangratz and Conrad / Gamaret, the younger, owner of Gaiselberg, Höflein an der Donau and fiefdom of Schrick (1464), one of the richest knights in what was then Lower Austria
  • Pangratz von Fronau, died, so that his wife Agnes was placed in the Augustinian order in St. Lorenz in Vienna, where she died in 1510
  • Conrad / Gamaret, the younger, zu Dürnkrut, Erdberg, Gaiselberg, Neusiedl ad Z., Schrick , ordained a knight, the last member of the male line in Lower Austria, married to Elisabeth von Stainpeiss (Steinpeiss), father of Margarethe von Fronau

coat of arms

Blazon : The coat of arms is split, silver on the right, black on the left; in the middle of a round golden pole, on which a lily with alternating colors (black-silver); on the shield a crowned helmet, on it the prescribed double lily with a peacock tail; the helmet covers on both sides silver-black .

literature

  • Johann Evang. Kirnbauer von Erzstätt : The Lower Austrian rural nobility. Panels, A – R. In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 4. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1909, plate 50.
  • Johann Evang. Kirnbauer von Erzstätt: The Lower Austrian rural nobility. Text, A – R. In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 4. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1909, p. 103 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i A-R, Text - GDZ. Retrieved March 9, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  5. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  6. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  7. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  8. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  9. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  10. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  11. ↑ a b archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Archive. Retrieved March 11, 2019 .