Gänstorbrücke

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Coordinates: 48 ° 23 ′ 56 ″  N , 10 ° 0 ′ 13 ″  E

Gänstorbrücke
Gänstorbrücke
use Road bridge
Crossing of Danube
place Ulm - New Ulm
construction Prestressed concrete bridge
overall length 96 m
width 18 m
Number of openings a
Longest span 82.40 m
start of building 1950
completion 1950
planner Ulrich Finsterwalder
location
Gänstorbrücke (Baden-Württemberg)
Gänstorbrücke

The Gänstorbrücke is one of two road bridges, the center of the in Baden-Wuerttemberg located Ulm on the border forming Danube away with that in Bavaria located Neu-Ulm connect. It stands in the east of Ulm's old town in the course of Münchener Straße and Neu-Ulmer Brückenstraße and about 640 m downstream from Herdbrücke , the older of the two bridges.

It takes its name from the nearby goose gate through which the geese used to be driven onto the river meadows.

description

The Gänstorbrücke is one of the first prestressed concrete bridges built in Germany after the Second World War ; it was designed by Ulrich Finsterwalder . The total of 18 m wide bridge has four lanes and 3 m wide walkways on both sides. With a large arch, it crosses the river bank path that existed before it was built. Between the bank walls it has a clear width of 81.30 m, its span , which cannot be seen from the outside, is 82.40 m. The view from the riverside path under the bridge shows that there are two mirror-symmetrical structures standing next to each other, only separated by a joint . The joint is closed from above by a 60 cm wide hanging plate.

construction

A number of requirements had to be complied with during planning: the access roads were only allowed to have a slight gradient, on the other hand a certain height had to be kept free for shipping, which resulted in the bridge being only allowed to have a height of 1.20 m at the top. The riverside path was to be preserved for the time after the damming of the Böfinger Halde power plant, which was under construction , and at the same time a flow width of 81.30 m had to be ensured during floods. If the fighter joints were not in the water, the fighter only had a height of 4.28 m.

This developed Finsterwalder a total of 96.10 m long single span - girder bridge with a jointless frame construction made of prestressed concrete , he for the first time in his perception of limited post-tensioning realized. Your boldness number as the ratio of the square of the span for vertex height of 81,30² m / 3.67 m = 1830 is significantly higher than the audacity number of 1410 by Franz Dischinger planned and completed in 1934 Europe bridge in Koblenz on the Mosel . The carriageway slab and its side members were designed as a uniform supporting structure.

The deck is stretched lengthways and crossways and 20 to 22 cm thick. It has a radius of 2.25 m outside under the sidewalks and 1.65 m in the middle of the bridge.

Each half of the bridge has two haunched main girders, the height of which increases from 1.20 m at the apex to 4.28 m at the transoms, which gives the bridge its arched appearance. Its width also increases from 0.70 m to 1.40 m, with its outer surfaces being straight and parallel to the bridge axis and only the inner surfaces being curved.

The frame posts are divided into bar triangles, which consist of the extended frame beam or roadway girder, a vertical pressure support and a prestressed inclined tension support. The center of the axis of the two columns lies in the middle of their foundations. The pressure supports are 1.40 m wide and 1.10 m thick; they are connected by a 60 cm thick wall, which is visible from the outside as a bank wall. The prestressed tension supports with a cross-section of 0.80 mx 1.00 m have no mutual connection. The foundations of each half of the bridge have a floor plan of 5.10 m in the bridge axis and 8.70 m in width.

The height of the bridge from the lower edge of the foundations to the upper edge of the carriageway is 15 m.

history

For a long time, there was only one ferry at the site of today's bridge, apart from temporary crossings that were built when the Herd Bridge was destroyed or not passable for other reasons.

Negotiations between Ulm and Neu-Ulm or between Bavarian and Württemberg authorities about a permanent bridge had been going on since 1876, initially about an iron pedestrian bridge, from 1894 also about a road bridge. In 1907 they agreed on a project, which, however, threatened to fail because of the royal Bavarian roughage magazine on the planned route, which Neu-Ulm could not dispose of. In August 1907 the magazine fell victim to the flames caused by boys playing Indians.

So could 1910 with the construction of a new bridge over the Danube by Dyckerhoff & Widmann be started, a concrete bridge with three arches that was as was customary, clad in limestone rocks. The total construction costs, including the construction of the access roads, amounted to 780,000 marks.

It was inaugurated in a grand ceremony on July 1, 1912.

On April 24, 1945, shortly before the end of World War II and immediately before the occupation by the US Army, the bridge was blown up by German pioneers. Only the abutments and pillars remained.

American pioneers built a wooden bridge to replace it.

In November 1949, an invitation to tender for a new road bridge , now known as the Gänstorbrücke , was held, in which 13 companies participated with 38 designs. In February 1950, the municipal councils of both riverside towns decided to award it to a working group consisting of Dyckerhoff & Widmann, Baresel and Wolfer & Goebel. Construction began on February 20, 1950. After the foundation work, the upstream half of the bridge was completed. The falsework was then lowered and moved so that it could also be used for the second half of the bridge. The bridge was built in the abutments of the previous bridge. The bridge was completed on December 10, 1950. The cost was around 810,000 German marks. This time the traffic handover was simple: three construction workers disguised as goose herders drove a flock of geese over the bridge.

On June 28, 2018, the cities of Ulm and Neu-Ulm imposed a partial closure of the Gänstor Bridge due to severe corrosion damage until further notice. As part of a detailed structural inspection ordered in 2017 and carried out in mid-June 2018, rust damage to the prestressing steel was found. The subsequent static calculations made it clear that the bridge no longer complies with the statutory safety standards. Although there is no risk of collapse, there is a risk of the steel giving way and thus sinking of the bridge body. With the closure of the two middle lanes, the load on the bridge is now to be reduced to such an extent that there is no complete closure. The cities now want to check whether a short-term reinforcement of the bridge is possible in order to lift the partial closure for the time being. On the basis of empirical values, however, prestressed concrete bridges are difficult to renovate, so that the demolition and rebuilding of the Gänstorbrücke are not unlikely. This would cost the two cities 15 to 20 million euros, which they would have to bear in equal parts. In October 2018 it was announced that the bridge was beyond repair and definitely had to be replaced. Both cities estimate a time of four to six years for the planning, planning approval and construction. Sensors were also installed for permanent monitoring of the bridge's condition in order to guarantee the safety of the old bridge until the new construction. On May 17, 2019, a heavy load with 77 tonnes crossed the bridge despite a ban and thereby additionally damaged the structure. On July 16, 2019, it became known that the Baden-Württemberg State Office for Monument Preservation rated the bridge as protected, meaning that the bridge must not be demolished on the Baden-Württemberg side. An attempt is being made to obtain an exemption. At the beginning of September 2019, the State Monuments Office approved the demolition of the bridge.

literature

  • Ulrich Finsterwalder, Hermann König: The Danube Bridge at Gänstor. In: Der Bauingenieur, Issue 10, October 1951, pp. 289–293
  • Günter Günschel: Great Constructors 1 . Ullstein Bauwelt Fundamente, Berlin 1966; therein:
    Ulrich Finsterwalder: About the design of prestressed concrete bridges. Pp. 228-233;
    Ulrich Finsterwalder, Hermann König: The Danube Bridge at Gänstor. (Extract from the previous article; p. 234 f)
  • Jörg Schlaich, Matthias Schüller: Civil Engineering Leader Baden Württemberg. Bauwerk-Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-934369-01-4
  • Péter Gyukis: Danube bridges from the Black Forest to the Black Sea. (Original: A Duna hídjai. A Fekele-erdöttöl a Fekele-tengeerig , translated by Dr. Herbert Träger), Yuki Studio, Budapest 2010, ISBN 978-963-87472-3-5 , No. 123 Gänstorbrücke

Web links

Commons : Gänstorbrücke  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Gänsturm on Tourismus.ulm.de
  2. a b Unless otherwise stated, the information comes from the article by: Ulrich Finsterwalder, Hermann König: The Danube Bridge at Gänstor . In: Der Bauingenieur, Issue 10, October 1951, pp. 289–293
  3. a b c Photos: Gänsturm with old ferry, around 1905; Construction of the new Danube bridge (Gänstorbrücke), 1912; New Danube Bridge (Gänstorbrücke), 1912; and history of bridge construction ( Memento of the original from September 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on School and Archive Ulm - History of Ulm online (PDF, 295 KB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ulm.de
  4. Gerrit-R. Ranft: A fire made the second bridge to Ulm possible . In: Augsburger Allgemeine . ( augsburger-allgemeine.de [accessed on October 28, 2018]).
  5. Report on the inauguration ( memento of the original from August 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on School and Archive Ulm - History of Ulm online (PDF, 1.3 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ulm.de
  6. ^ Report by Dr. Adalbert Wieland on the demolition of the Ulm bridges in April 1945. ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On the Ulm School and Archive - Ulm History on the Net (PDF; 18.6 KB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ulm.de
  7. Gerrit-R. Ranft: A fire made the second bridge to Ulm possible . In: Augsburger Allgemeine . ( augsburger-allgemeine.de [accessed on October 28, 2018]).
  8. a b Photos: Provisional Gänstorbrücke approx. 1946; Reconstruction of the Gänstorbrücke, approx. 1950; Gänstorbrücke after reconstruction; and history ( memento of the original from September 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on School and Archive Ulm - History of Ulm online (PDF, 348 KB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ulm.de
  9. ^ Jörg Schlaich, Matthias Schüller: Civil Engineering Guide Baden Württemberg. Bauwerk-Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-934369-01-4 , p. 206
  10. Gerrit-R. Ranft: A fire made the second bridge to Ulm possible . In: Augsburger Allgemeine . ( augsburger-allgemeine.de [accessed on October 28, 2018]).
  11. Ulm Gänstorbrücke can only be used in one lane. In: Südwest Presse . June 28, 2018, accessed on July 3, 2018 (German).
  12. Partial closure: Gänstorbrücke completely dilapidated. In: Südwest Presse . June 29, 2018, accessed on July 3, 2018 (German).
  13. Irreparable! Gänstorbrücke between Ulm and Neu-Ulm will be demolished. In: Südwest Presse . October 4, 2018, accessed on October 13, 2018 (German).
  14. Gänstorbrücke ready to be demolished: Councilors are accelerating. In: Südwest Presse . October 5, 2018, accessed on October 13, 2018 (German).
  15. ↑ Heavy transporter drives over bridges despite the ban - damage now even greater. In: Südwest Presse . May 23, 2019, accessed on May 26, 2019 (German).
  16. ^ Ailing Gänstorbrücke Ulm: Half of the structure planned for demolition is under monument protection. In: Südwest Presse. July 16, 2019, accessed on July 16, 2019 (German).
  17. Ailing bridge is now being demolished. In: Südwest Presse. September 9, 2019, accessed on September 9, 2019 (German).