Gokova

Gokova
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Basic data
Province (il) :	Muğla
Coordinates :	37 ° 3 '  N , 28 ° 22'  E Coordinates: 37 ° 3 '17 "  N , 28 ° 22' 0"  E
Height :	25  m
Residents :	1,951 (2011)
Telephone code :	(+90) 252
Postal code :	48640
License plate :	48
Structure and administration (as of 2020)
Mayor :	Ulaş Bavut

Gökova has been a district ( Mahalle ) of Ula in southwestern Turkey since 2013 . It is located at the eastern end of the Gulf of Gökova, named after him, in the province of Muğla .

Surname

The name Gökova is composed of the Turkish words for heaven (= gök ) in the sense of sky blue and level (= ova ) and refers to the level on which the place Gökova is located. Until 1922 the village had the Greek name Idyma (Greek: Ίδυμα). Between 200 and 300 BC The name Idyma Rhodeian (Ίδυμα ροδειαν) was also used, which means opposite of Rhodes .

geography

Gökova is now about two km inland from the Gulf of Gökova . In ancient times, the place was still by the sea, but gradually the rivers that flow into the gulf (especially the Kadın Azmak) filled up the port and it silted up.

The national road from Izmir (D 500) to Antalya (D 400) runs through the town . In the village itself the road to Marmaris branches off. The district town of Ula is only 14 km away and the provincial capital of Muğla is 30 km away.

history

Idiyma was part of the historical Caria region . For the first time the place is mentioned as Idyma (ancient Greek: Ἴδυμα), also Idymus or Idymos (Ἴδυμος), 453 or 452 before Christ in the tax lists of the Attic League , of which the city became a member. The contribution (Greek: Phoros ) amounted to 1 talent and 890 drachmas. Idyma minted its own silver coins with a representation of the god Pan and the inscription Idymion (ΙΔΥΜΙΟΝ) . The city was initially strategically located at the end of the gulf, but its silting up reduced its importance in the course of history. After the dissolution of the Attic League in 404 BC. The area was under the rule of Rhodes until 43 BC , after which it was part of the Roman Empire . However, several earthquakes in the 3rd century AD accelerated the city's decline.

Idyma then belonged to the Byzantine Empire until it was conquered by the Rum Seljuks in the 13th century . After the collapse of the Seljuk Empire, the area around Gökova was part of the Mentesche principality (Turkish: Menteşe-Beylik ). In 1390 the Ottomans defeated the Mentesche and ruled until 1402, when the Ottomans lost a battle against the Mongols and the principality of Mentesche was restored. In 1421 the area finally came under Ottoman rule. In 1923 the majority of the Greek population was expelled under the Lausanne Treaty (" Convention on the Exchange of Population between Greece and Turkey "). From 1930 to 1940, the draining of the marshy bay began, which also averted the risk of malaria. In 1937 the Acropolis of Idyma was scientifically examined by the French archaeologist Louis Robert . In 1999 Gökova was elevated to a city, until the district and the city of Ula were merged in 2013 during a regional reform. Since then, Gökova is only one district (Turkish: Mahalle ) of Ula.

Attractions

• the ancient ruins of Idyma are in the Kozlukuya district
• Carian rock tombs from the 5th century BC At Kaya Mezarları

Individual evidence

1. ^ Turkish Institute for Statistics ( Memento of November 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed November 4, 2012
2. ↑ Akyaka Belediyesi Tanıtım Kitabı; 2000
3. ↑ Wesley E. Thompson: The Karian Tribute ( The tribute Caria ): S. 95: Anatolian Studies, British Institute of Ankara, 1981
4. ^ Alain Bresson: Recueil des inscriptions de la Pérée Rhodienne ( French ). University of Franche-Comté , 1991, ISBN 978-2-251-60445-9 , pp. 181-182.