Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz

Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz (born April 2, 1810 in Landshut ; † January 30, 1869 in Berlin ) was a German educator and writer for young people, who u.nbsp; & a. also wrote textbooks. He studied classical philology and history , made a career from teacher to school inspector and was a member of the Prussian National Assembly . In addition to his textbooks, his works, v. a. which were published in magazines such as the Berliner Kinderwochenblatt ( 1832 ), the children's literature of the 19th century .

Live and act

School and professional career

Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz, son of Karl Dielitz, was born in Landshut ( Bavaria ) in 1810 , spent the first four years of his life in Paris and moved with his parents to Berlin in 1815 , where he attended the Berlin Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster and from 1828 classical philology and Studied history . In 1831 he was employed as a teacher at the royal secondary school under the director Spilleke , in 1842 he refused an offer to go abroad, which had come to him as a result of his treatise "About the educational power of schools", and in 1844 he was appointed royal professor . In 1846 he was elected city school inspector by the Berlin magistrate , was a member of the Prussian National Assembly in 1848 and was appointed director of the then Königstädtische higher city ​​school in 1849 , which was elevated to a secondary school in 1850 . He died in Berlin in 1869 .

During his work as director he performed extensive literary activities and thus became a pioneer of adventurous youth literature . He prepared adult adventure literature for children, collected exciting scenes and sections, lined them up in his pictures of land and sea, life, travel and landscape, and also wrote complete titles of classic adventure literature for young people. He was co-editor of the youth album , wrote textbooks for history, geography and literature classes, wrote a songbook for German youth (1844) and wrote (also in episode form) historical abstracts about antiquity , the Middle Ages , Germany , Spain , Britain and the New World . He began his children's literary work in the Berliner Wochenblatt . His texts contained no moralizing and didactic intentions and were pure entertainment.

Works

Theodor Dielitz's works consist of different types of text, such as school books and magazine articles. He was particularly interested in history and geography. However, he was mainly active in the field of children's and youth literature and has specialized in the adventure novel .

His textbooks for school lessons mostly relate to the subjects of history, geography and German. Together with two professors he published a “School Dictionary of Latin, French, English and German Languages”, a “German Reading Book for Higher Educational Institutions” in 1871 and a “Outline of Geography” in 1873. With the same people he worked on a “ Handbook of German literature ”, which appeared in 1872 and represents both a collection of significant poetic and prosaic samples as well as an introduction to verse theory or metrics, poetics , rhetoric and the history of literature . In 1843, Dielitz completely reworked Hörschelmann's "Overview of the entire geography for the first lesson" from 1828. He also wrote a "Outline of World History ", which was translated into several European languages, a "Geographical-synchronistic overview of world history" and a "History calendar".

Dielitz was also active in the literary field. Historical, regional and ethnographic stories can be found in his works. He was also involved in the Berliner Wochenblatt , a magazine for girls and boys that appeared from 1832 to 1836, and wrote regularly. This can be seen as the beginning of his children's literary work. Later he produced more than twenty youth publications with geographical and historical content. In 1844 he published his " Songbook for German Youth".

Theodor Dielitz's book series “Land and Seebilder” (from 1841) is a compilation , ie a literary text collection compiled with the help of other works. The individual volumes have different focuses and are devoted to different areas, such as sea adventures and ship accidents. For this purpose, Dielitz used the texts of German and foreign authors and edited them with varying degrees of intensity. His approach initially consisted of selecting individual scenes from the existing adventure literature, which was developed for an adult audience, and shortening and simplifying them accordingly for children's literary purposes. He then incorporated these into his book series . Since later complete works of adventure literature were also processed with the help of this process and, towards the end of the 19th century, adventure novels were increasingly published especially for young people, Dielitz can be regarded as a pioneer of this small literary genre .

“Land und Seebilder” focuses on adventurousness and therefore only receives little factual information. Dielitz's goal was to enable more mature young people to read in an exciting, entertaining and instructive way. By 1862 he designed thirteen serial volumes with a focus on travel and adventure stories, with the first eight volumes being published from 1841–1850: "Lebensbilder", "Land- und Seebilder", "The sketchbook", "Naturbilder und Reiseskizzen", "Völkergemälte und Landscapes ”,“ Cosmoramas ”and“ Panoramas ”. These volumes are all aimed at a young readership and each have eight illuminated images. And were published in Berlin from publishing Winckelmann & Sons. Although Dielitz initially pursued a panoramic narrative technique , the later parts show a development towards an action-oriented narrative style, which is also related to the fact that Dielitz increasingly used the adventure novel as a starting point.

literature

• Becker, Susanne: On the way to adventure. The land and sea pictures by Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz (1810–1869). In: Lexicon of travel and adventure literature. Part 2.- Meitingen: Corian-Verlag 24. Erg.-Lfg. September 1994.
• Otto Brunken, Bettina Hurrelmann, Klaus-Ullrich Pech (eds.): Handbook on children's and youth literature from 1800 to 1850 . Springer-Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 978-3-476-01687-4 .
• The Berliner Kinderwochenblatt. (Red .: George Gropius.) Vol. I, (No. I-53). Berlin: Gropius 1832.
• Dielitz, Theodor: Land and sea pictures. (1-8.) Different. Berlin: Winckelmann [1841-50].
• Johann Ernst Heinrichs:  Dielitz, Gabriel Maria Theodor . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 127 f.
• Heinrichs, "Dielitz, Gabriel Maria Theodor" in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 5 (1877), pp. 127-128 online version
• Merget, Adalbert: History of German youth literature. Berlin 1882, Reprint Leipzig 1967. Online version, last accessed on July 6, 2020

Web links

Wikisource: Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz  - Sources and full texts

• Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz on abenteuerroman.info

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Brunken, Otto / Hurrelmann, Bettina / Pech, Klaus-Ulrich: Handbook for children's and youth literature. From 1800 to 1850. Springer Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, p. 1228 .
2. ^ German biography: Dielitz, Gabriel Maria Theodor - German biography. Retrieved July 21, 2020 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Authors: Gabriel Maria Theodor Dielitz. Retrieved July 21, 2020 . 
4. ↑ ^{a b} Dielitz, Gabriel Maria Theodor , General German Bibliography. Accessed July 20, 2020.
5. ↑ Otto Brunken, Bettina Hurrelmann, Klaus-Ullrich Pech (eds.): Handbook on children's and youth literature from 1800 to 1850 . 1998, ISBN 978-3-476-01687-4 , pp. 1141-1142 .
6. ↑ Otto Brunken, Bettina Hurrelmann, Klaus-Ullrich Pech (eds.): Handbook on children's and youth literature from 1800 to 1850 . 1998, ISBN 978-3-476-01687-4 , pp. 1229 .
7. ↑ Otto Brunken, Bettina Hurrelmann, Klaus-Ullrich Pech (eds.): Handbook on children's and youth literature from 1800 to 1850 . 1998, ISBN 978-3-476-01687-4 , pp. 1228-1231 .