Gardes des princes

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The Gardes des princes or domestic troops of the princes - Maison militaire des princes was a small group of guard formations established by King Louis XV. for the younger brothers of the later King Louis XVI. , Louis Stanislas Xavier (1755–1824), Count of Provence, later King Louis XVIII. with the title "Monsieur" and Charles Philippe (1757–1836), Count of Artois, later King Charles X.

Due to its size, the troops had no particular military value, even if the two Garde du Corps formations were uniformed like dragoons . There were six units in total.

Garde du corps

Two cavalry corps , each consisting of two companies , armed with sabers and carbines . Formed on April 1, 1771. Both corps were equally strong.

Garde du corps de Monsieur

1 Capitaine (1774 - Alexandre-Charles-Emmanuel de Crussol )
1 lieutenant
1 lieutenant 2 e class
2 sous-lieutenants
1 Maréchal-des-logis
2 brigadiers
2 sous-brigadiers
1 trumpet
40 guardsmen

The uniform was completely red, the badge color of 1st Company bright orange, that of 2nd Company purple.

  • Garde du corps de Monsieur, 1st company

  • Garde du corps de Monsieur, 2nd company

Garde du corps du comte d'Artois

A cavalry corps consisting of two companies, approved on November 17, 1773, but not set up until March 1774. Each of the two companies had:

1 capitaine
1 lieutenant
1 lieutenant 2 e class
4 sous-lieutenants
1 Maréchal des logis
2 brigadiers
2 sous-brigadiers
1 trumpet
50 guardsmen

  • Garde du corps du comte d'Artois - 1st company

  • Each of the two corps had a staff consisting of:
1 chef d'escadron
2 porte-étendards
1 Commissaire de guerre (War Commissioner)
1 surgery (medical officer)
1 Quartier-maître trésorier in the rank of Sous-lieutenant
1 Maître-aumônier (clergyman)
1 maître-author (clerk)
1 timbalist (kettle drum)

Gardes suisses

The Swiss Guard were a pure palace guard, armed with an ornamental sword and a pike .

Gardes suisses de Monsieur

Palace Guard, created in 1771, consisting of:

1 colonel
1 Medecien (assistant doctor)
2 Lieutenant
1 Quartier-maître trésorier in the rank of Sous-lieutenant
2 porte-drapeaux
4 adjutants (as officers' deputy)
2 fourriers
1 maître-aumônier
1 Commissaire de guerre (War Commissioner)
1 maître-author (clerk)
4 Caporals (NCOs)
1 drum (drummer)
28 guardsmen

Gardes suisses du comte d'Artois

Guard on foot, created 1773, consisting of:

Swiss Guard of the Comte d'Artois in court service uniform
1 captain as commander
1 Medecien (assistant doctor)
2 Lieutenant
1 Quartier-maître trésorier in the rank of Sous-lieutenant
2 porte-drapeaux
4 adjutants (as officers' deputy)
2 fourriers
1 maître-aumônier
1 Commissaire de guerre (War Commissioner)
1 maître-author (clerk)
4 Caporals (NCOs)
1 drum (drummer)
28 guardsmen

Gardes de porte

The "Türgarde" was a pure Palstgarde with the most splendid uniform of all. Nonetheless, they were armed with a rifle.

Gardes de porte de Monsieur

1 colonel
2 lieutenants
1 Medecien
25 guardsmen

Gardes de porte du comte d'Artois

1 colonel
2 lieutenants
1 Medecien
25 guardsmen

The Gardes de porte were dissolved for financial reasons in 1788, all others in the course of the French Revolution in 1791/1792.

See also

literature

  • Henri Bouchot: L'Épopée du costume militaire français. Aquarelles et dessins originaux de JOB. Société Française d'Éditions d'Art, Paris 1898.
  • Hervé Drévillon: L'Impôt you sang. Le métier des armes sous Louis XIV. Tallandier, Paris 2005, ISBN 2-8473-4247-8 .
  • Liliane Funcken , Fred Funcken : Le costume et les armes des soldats de tous les temps. Volume 1: The pharaoh à Louis XV. Casterman, Tournai 1966.
  • Liliane Funcken, Fred Funcken: L'uniforme et les armes des soldats de la Guerre en dentelles. Volume 1: France, maison du roi et infanterie sous Louis XV et Louis XVI, Grande-Bretagne et Prusse, infanterie, 1700 à 1800. Casterman, Paris 1975, ISBN 2-203-14315-0 .
  • Rigo [di: Albert Rigondaud]: Le Plumet. L'uniformes et les drapeaux de l'armée de l'Ancien régime et du 1er Empire. Paris 1971.

Web links

Commons : Uniforms of the Royal French Guard  - collection of images, videos and audio files