Liliane and Fred Funcken

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Liliane Funcken (born July 17, 1927 in Soignies as Liliane Schorils ; † September 26, 2015 in Brussels ) and Fred Funcken (born October 5, 1921 in Verviers ; † May 16, 2013 in Brussels) were a Belgian artist couple. In addition to comics , her works also include military publications. They created and published most of their works together.

Life

Fred Funcken left secondary school in Verviers at an early age to study cello and bassoon at the conservatory . From an early age he drew comics, which he published in a local journal from the age of 12. After some odd jobs in printing works, he began his professional career in 1939 at Spirou and initially worked under the pseudonyms Fred Gu, Fred Dye, Dick John's, Ranch, Mac Bones, Léo Lyon and Hector Hugo. From 1941 he drew for Aventures illustrées , but had to do forced labor for the German occupiers in 1943 and 1944 and then found a job with its successor magazine Bimbo . His first album was only released after the end of the war at Campéador in 1947. He now also drew illustrations and published some works in magazines such as L'Explorateur , Annette and Héroïc-Albums .

He met his future wife Liliane Schorils while on a design assignment for a Belgian department store.

After a first application to the World's Press by Georges Troisfontaines in 1947 failed due to Jijé's displeasure at Funcken's test site, he reapplied a few years later on the advice of his wife and was hired by Jean-Michel Charlier . Funcken now worked for the L'Histoire vivante section of the women's magazine Bonne soirées . Ten short stories from the Uncle Paul series , on which he had participated, appeared in Spirou in 1953/54 . The quality of his work drew the attention of the publishing house Le Lombard to him and he switched to Tintin , where he first drew a few comics based on literary classics. From 1956 onwards, Fred and Liliane worked almost exclusively together. During the 50s and 60s they drew series such as Harald le Viking , Capitan and Doc Silver . In 1987 they revived the Chevalier Blanc series , which Fred had been working on in the 1940s. In 1993 they created La Chute de l'Ailge about the Battle of Waterloo .

Careful research was always characteristic of her historical comics. In the course of the decades they acquired extensive detailed knowledge of costume, uniform and weapon studies, which they published in a total of 18 books on army history. Their illustrations, in turn, benefit greatly from the lively painting style of the two comic artists. Eight of these books were published in German, so that the couple is known almost exclusively as military scientists in the German-speaking world. The volumes are largely based on the well-known costume-related panels of the 19th and early 20th centuries, which, however, were only accessible in specialist libraries and whose content was made accessible to a wide audience through the Funckens.

Works

Army Studies

Six volumes were published in German, reprinted several times and reissued in a slightly abbreviated anthology. Robert Spiering, the long-time military expert at Der Spiegel , translated and corrected some inaccuracies in the original editions:

  • Historical uniforms (1). 18th century. French guards and infantry. British and Prussian infantry. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-570-04361-4 .
  • Historical uniforms (2). 18th century. French, British and Prussian cavalry and artillery. Infantry, cavalry and artillery from other European countries. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-570-01865-2 .
  • Historical uniforms (3). Napoleonic period. French regiments of the line, British, Prussian and Spanish troops from the time of the First Empire. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-570-06389-5 .
  • Historical uniforms (4). Napoleonic period. French Imperial Guards, Allied troops, the Swedish, Austrian and Russian armies at the time of the First Empire. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-570-05449-7 .
  • Historical uniforms (5). 19th century. 1814–1850: France, Great Britain, Prussia. Infantry, cavalry, technical troops and artillery. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-570-04961-2 .
  • Historical uniforms (6). 19th century. 1850–1900: France, Great Britain, Germany, Austria, Russia. Infantry, cavalry, technical troops, artillery. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-570-01461-4 .

Another two volumes were also reprinted repeatedly and combined in an anthology. Hedwig Sander did the translation:

  • Armor and military equipment in the Middle Ages. Knights in tournament and battle. Campaigns and sieges. Storming castles and fortifications. 8-15 Century. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-570-16432-2
  • Armor and equipment of the knights and mercenaries. 15.-16. Century. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-570-02167-X

Eighteen books were published in the French original. The volumes on the world wars were also published in English. Only the issues from the years 1968–1969, 1975–1978 and 1981–1982 are available in German translation:

  • Le costume et les armes des soldats de tous les temps (1). Of the pharaoh of Louis XV. Casterman, Tournai 1966.
  • Le costume et les armes des soldats de tous les temps (2). De Frédéric II à nos jours. Casterman, Tournai 1967.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers du Premier Empire (1). Of the regiment de ligne français aux troupes britanniques, prussiennes et espagoles. Casterman, Tournai 1968.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers du Premier Empire (2). De la garde impériale aux troupes alliées, suédoises, autrichiennes et russes. Casterman, Tournai 1969.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre 1914–1918 (1). Infantry. Blindés. Aviation. Casterman, Tournai 1970.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre 1914–1918 (2). Cavalry. Artillery. Genius. Marine. Casterman, Tournai 1971.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre 1939–1945 (1). France, Allemagne, Autriche, URSS, Tchécoslovaquie, Pologne, Belgique, 1933-1941. Infantry, cavalry, blind, aviation. Casterman, Tournai 1972.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre 1939–1945 (2). Grande-Bretagne, Allemagne, France, Italie, Finlande, Norvège, Croatie, Slovaquie, Bohème-Moravie, légions russes, 1939–1943. Infantry, cavalry, blind, aviation, navy. Casterman, Tournai 1973.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre 1939–1945 (3). États-Unis, Japon, Chine. Evolution des grandes armées, 1943–1945. France libre, Milice, volontaires en Grande-Bretagne, Pays-Bas, États balkaniques et danubiens. Parachutistes, commandos, artillery, engins balistiques, sous-marins. Casterman, Tournai 1974.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre en dentelle (1). France: maison du roi et infanterie sous Louis XV et Louis XVI. Grande-Bretagne et Prusse: infantry (1700 à 1800). Casterman, Tournai 1975.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldiers de la guerre en dentelle (2). 1700-1800. France, Grande-Bretagne et Prusse: cavalerie et artillerie. Autres pays: infantry, cavalry, artillery. Casterman, Tournai 1976.
  • Le costume, l'armure et les armes au temps de la chevalerie (1). You huitième au quinzième siècle. Casterman, Tournai 1977.
  • Le costume, l'armure et les armes au temps de la chevalerie (2). Le siècle de la Renaissance. Casterman, Tournai 1978.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldats des États-Unis. Les guerres d'indépendance, de Sécession, du Mexique. L'épopée du Far-West (1). L'infanterie et la marine. Casterman, Tournai 1979.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des soldats des États-Unis. Les guerres d'indépendance, de Sécession, du Mexique. L'épopée du Far-West (2). La cavalerie et l'artillerie. Casterman, Tournai 1980.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des Soldats du XIXe siècle (1). 1814–1850: France, Grande-Bretagne, Allemagne. L'infanterie, la cavalerie, le génie et l'artillerie. Casterman, Tournai 1981.
  • L'uniforme et les armes des Soldats du XIXe siècle (2). 1850–1900: France, Grande-Bretagne, Allemagne, Autriche, Russie. L'infanterie, la cavalerie, le génie et l'artillerie. Casterman, Tournai 1982.
  • Les soldiers de la Révolution française. Casterman, Tournai 1988.

Comic series

  • Capitan
  • Doc Silver
  • Harald le Viking
  • Le Chevalier blanc
  • Les Belles Histoires de l'oncle Paul
    • Le pirate magicien (1953)
    • Le vaisseau fantôme (1953)
    • Spartacus (1953)
    • Horatius l'intrépide (1953)
    • Grandeur et decadence (1953)
    • Le dernier voyage (1954)
    • La prouesse du Syracusain (1954)
    • Fontenoy (1954)
    • Vercingétorix (1954)
    • Un brave parmi les braves (1954)
  • Napoleon

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Obituary for Liliane Funcken on lesoir.be (French), accessed on October 30, 2015
  2. ^ Obituary for Fred Funcken in: Le Soir ( Memento of the original from November 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / mobile.lesoir.be
  3. Le Cimetière des Baleines on bedetheque.com (French)
  4. Lambiek Comiclopedia (accessed March 3, 2010)
  5. Eckart Kleßmann : Review in Die Zeit, August 17, 1979 No. 34 (accessed on March 3, 2010)