Gaspard Gustave de Coriolis
Gaspard Gustave de Coriolis (born May 21, 1792 in Paris , † September 19, 1843 there ) was a French mathematician and physicist .
Life
Coriolis was born the son of an officer and later industrialist. He attended the École polytechnique . After his father's death in 1816, the family needed money, and Coriolis took a job as a tutor in analysis and mechanics at the École polytechnique. During this time, he conducted research at different twist movements (eg. As Effet of billiard balls ) and provided the first precise definition of the kinetic energy and mechanical work . In extensive studies of the movements of bodies on rotating surfaces, he dealt extensively with the Coriolis force , later named after him , which is observed from a point of view within the system and the cause of which is the inertia of a body moving in a rotating system. Coriolis also published various papers on business mathematics . In 1836 he was accepted into the Académie des Sciences .
Coriolis was immortalized by name as one of 72 scientists and engineers on the Eiffel Tower .
In 1970 the lunar crater Coriolis was named after him. In addition, on November 9, 2006, the asteroid (16564) Coriolis was named after him.
Fonts
- You calcul de l'effet des machines. Carilian-Goeury, Paris 1829.
- Traité de la mécanique des corps solides. 1844 (new edition of Calcul de l'effet des machines ).
- Theory mathématique des effets du jeu de billard. 1835.
- Sur les equations du mouvement relatif des systèmes de corps. 1835 (in this work the inertial force , later referred to as the Coriolis force, is discussed in detail under the name "composite centrifugal force", but without reference to the earlier discovery by Laplace in 1775).
literature
- Alexandre Moatti: Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis (1792–1843): un mathématicien, théoricien de la mécanique appliquée. Dissertation at the University of Paris, 2011 (PDF; 6.4 MB; French).
Web links
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Gaspard Gustave de Coriolis. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive . .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Coriolis, Gaspard Gustave de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French mathematician and physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 21, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 19, 1843 |
| Place of death | Paris |