Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook GCSI PC DL JP (birth name: Gathorne Hardy ; born October 1, 1814 in Bradford , Yorkshire , † October 30, 1906 in Hemsted Park , Kent ) was a British politician of the Conservative Party who Was a Member of the House of Commons , Home Secretary , Minister of War , Minister for India , Lord President of the Council and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster for 22 years . In 1878 he was ennobled and was a member of the House of Lords until his death .

Life

Origin, lawyer and member of the House of Commons

Hardy was the son of attorney John Hardy , who had represented Bradford constituency as an MP in the House of Commons for several years . His older brother John Hardy was also a member of the House of Commons for several years, where he represented the constituencies of Midhurst , Dartmouth and finally Warwickshire Southern between 1859 and 1874 .

He started after visiting the Shrewsbury School on 22 November 1832 studies at Oriel College of the University of Oxford , which he in 1836 with a Bachelor of Arts graduated (BA). He then studied law and began working as a barrister in 1840 after being admitted to the bar ( Inns of Court ) of Inner Temple .

Hardy began his political career when he was elected member of the House of Commons as a candidate for the Conservative Party on February 19, 1856, where he initially represented the constituency of Leominster until July 11, 1865 . During this time he was between 1858 and 1859 Undersecretary in the Ministry of the Interior and then completed a further course of study at Oriel College, which he finished in 1861 with a Master of Arts (MA). He was then between July 11, 1865 to May 4, 1878 Member of the House of Commons for the constituency of Oxford University .

minister

The Earl of Derby's Cabinet (1867)

During the tenure of Prime Minister Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby acted Hardy 1866-1867 as President of the Welfare Department ( Poor Law Board ) . On June 13, 1866 he was awarded an honorary doctorate as Doctor of Civil Laws (DCL) from Oriel College and he was also appointed Privy Counselor (PC) on July 6, 1866 .

In May 1867 he took over the office of Home Secretary in the Cabinet of the Earl of Derby and held this ministerial office under his successor Benjamin Disraeli until December 1868. In 1868 he was appointed to one of the so-called Bencher of the Inner Temple Bar Association because of his legal services .

Prime Minister Disraeli appointed him in February 1874 to the Secretary of War (Secretary for War ) in the second Cabinet. As part of a cabinet reshuffle, he took over on April 2, 1878 from Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, the office of Secretary for India , while Frederick Arthur Stanley was his successor as Minister of War. He held the office of Minister for India until the end of Disreali's term of office on April 23, 1880.

House of Lords

Gathorne Hardy (Caricature in Vanity Fair magazine , April 20, 1872)

By Letters patent from May 4, 1878 Hardy was raised as Viscount Cranbrook , of Hemsted in the County of Kent, to the hereditary peer and thereby became a member of the House of Lords. One week he changed his family name from Hardy to Gathorne-Hardy under a Royal License . He held temporarily the functions as a magistrate (justice of the peace) of Kent and West Riding of Yorkshire , and as Deputy Lieutenant .

Viscount Cranbrook, who was made Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India (GCSI) on April 20, 1880 , was made Lord President of the Council by Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, in June 1885 , and held this office until the end of his term of office in February 1886. At the same time he was again Minister of War from January 21 to February 6, 1886.

After the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury became Prime Minister again on August 3, 1886, Viscount Cranbrook took over again the office of Lord President of the Council until August 15, 1892. At the same time he also acted as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between August 3 and 16, 1886.

After leaving the government, he was granted the hereditary titles of Earl of Cranbrook and Baron Medway , of Hemsted Park in the County of Kent, by Letters Patents of August 22, 1892 .

Family and offspring

From his marriage on March 29, 1838 with Jane Orr from Ireland , two daughters and three sons were born.

His eldest daughter Margaret Evelyn Gathorne-Hardy was married to George Goschen, 2nd Viscount Goschen , who was from 1895 to 1906 Member of the House of Commons for the constituency of East Grinstead , Governor of Madras between 1924 and 1929 and as such briefly acting viceroy of 1929 India was.

His eldest son John Gathorne-Hardy was also a member of the House of Commons for the constituencies of Rye and Mid Kent for several years and inherited the title of nobility and the associated membership in the House of Lords when his father died on October 30, 1906.

His second eldest son, Charles Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, served as a Colonel in the Grenadier Guards , while his youngest son, Alfred Gathorne-Hardy, was also a member of the House of Commons for several years, representing the Canterbury constituencies and later East Grinstead .

Web links

• Gathorne Hardy at Hansard (English)
• Cranbrook, Earl of (UK, 1892) at Cracroft's Peerage
• Peerage: Cranbrook at Leigh Rayment's Peerage
• Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook on thepeerage.com , accessed August 17, 2015.

predecessor	Office	successor
New title created	Viscount Cranbrook 1878-1906	John Gathorne-Hardy
New title created	Earl of Cranbrook 1892-1906	John Gathorne-Hardy
Spencer Horatio Walpole	Home Secretary 1867–1868	Henry Bruce
Edward Cardwell	Secretary of State for War 1874-1878	Frederick Stanley
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil	Secretary of State for India 1878-1880	Spencer Cavendish
Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue	Lord President of the Council 1885-1886	John Spencer
William Henry Smith	Secretary of State for War 1886	Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth	Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1886	John Manners
John Spencer	Lord President of the Council 1886-1892	John Wodehouse