Inner Temple

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Coats of arms of the four bar associations ( Inns of Court ). Inner Temple is shown on the lower left ( heraldic lower right).
Temple Church
Exterior view of Temple Church , with long building (Chancel)
Tombs of the crusaders

Inner Temple and the Honorable Society of the Inner Temple is one of the four English Bar Associations ( Inns of Court ) for Barrister in England . The term Inner Temple also refers to the complex of buildings in which this chamber has been located since the 14th century. In 1882 the main building of the Royal Courts of Justice was built in its immediate vicinity .

history

Since the Norman Conquest it was in England at first only priests reserved to deal with legal matters, or right to speak.

After the separation of ecclesiastical and secular law towards the end of the 13th century, the Inns of Court , a complex of buildings in the heart of London, were set up as living, dining and teaching rooms for the growing class of secular legal scholars. B. other courses at the Oxford and Cambridge campuses .

It is believed that the Inner Temple, like the three other building areas that belong to the Inns of Court , was taken over in the mid-14th century and new buildings were added as needed. The name Inner Temple comes from the Knights Templar who owned this area as the western part of their temple district in London for more than 150 years until it was dissolved in 1312 and the whole district fell to the king. The secular legal scholars at this place divided into two law schools and chambers, the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple . Both chambers were first mentioned in a manuscript from 1388.

To the Templars, the well-preserved reminds Round Church ( Temple Church ) located centrally next to the hall of the interior temple is (Inner Temple Hall) (there is a Außentempel- ( Outer Temple ) area on the edge of the area, but which no separate Houses bar associations).

This round church (Temple Church) was consecrated as early as 1185 in the time of Henry II , by Heraclius , the Patriarch of Jerusalem himself. The Templars often built their churches in a round (actually octagonal) shape, as they were supposed to be reminiscent of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. In the church are the graves of English crusaders , whose cross-legged depiction is meant to commemorate their participation in the crusades (seen for example in the film The Da Vinci Code ). The sculpture from that time can be seen in front of the church, two Knights Templar on a single horse, which symbolically indicates the strong fellowship of the knights with one another.

In the times of the Templars, the Inner Temple and Middle Temple were the political and economic centers of royal activities, as the order guaranteed religious and military protection.

The master ( master ) of the Templars in this place was at the same time supreme of all branches in England and subordinated only to the grand master abroad.

Even today the tradition lives on, the priest of the temple church is called master , more precisely priest and nobleman ( The Reverend and Valiant ). The Middle Temple called today still occasionally as the house (domus) and the two associated bar associations (Inns, i. E. Inner Temple and Middle Temple) are sometimes known as communities of this house ( Societies of this House called).

The Great Fire of London in 1666 destroyed many of the Inner Temple's buildings, as did subsequent fires and bombings during World War II. The Inner Temple Hall , a Tudor-style banquet hall famous for its wooden ceiling and paneling , the treasury, lawyers' rooms and library were all rebuilt after World War II. But the best-preserved buildings date from the 17th century and can be found in the east of the area known as Royal riverside path (King's Bench Walk) and named after the royal administration area on the banks of the Thames (the King's Bench Office), which until the 19th Century was settled there.

Today, Temple Church, which is still used as a church, hosts both services and other activities such as religious concerts or weddings. The whole district is often used as a film set because of its flair (e.g. Da Vinci Code).

Famous Members of the Honorable Society of the Inner Temple (selection)

location

Reach are leading to the Inns of Court belonging chambers Middle Temple and Inner Temple, between Thames and Fleet Street are, fastest way to the subway station Temple . They are located in the City of London but have their own legal status.

Web links

Commons : Inner Temple  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 49 ″  N , 0 ° 6 ′ 40 ″  W.