Grained timber bark beetle
| Grained timber bark beetle | ||||||||||||
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Grained timber bark beetle |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Xyleborus dryographus | ||||||||||||
| ( Ratzeburg , 1837) |
The grained timber bark beetle ( Xyleborus dryographus ) is a weevil from the subfamily of the bark beetle (Scolytinae). Since it creates its breeding systems in the wood of the host trees, it is assigned to the wood breeders. He's an ambrosia beetle .
features
The beetles are 1.9 to 2.7 millimeters long and have a red-brown cylindrical body. The pronotum is strongly flattened, hunched and arched, longer than wide, rounded in front, cylindrical, with a conical arch in front of the middle and conceals the head when viewed from above. The front edge is smooth and without a crown of cusps. It is only grained behind the front edge. The wing-coverts are far down, the hind wings are only rudimentary , so the beetle is unable to fly. The front hips are wide apart. The abdomen remains straight from the second sternite towards the end. The third tarsal link is cylindrical in shape. The antenna lobes are broad, the antenna whip is five-membered.
Male and female animals differ in appearance ( sexual dimorphism ). In the males, the pronotum is hollowed out in front, the front edge bent up in the middle and ending in a blunt, long hump. They reach a body length of 1.9 to 2.0 millimeters. In the females, the wing covers have regular, dark rows of dots and are narrower at the back. The fall is steep and shiny, the spaces between the rows of dots are equipped with rows of grains on the fall. The wing top seam is deepened. Their body length is 2.0 to 2.7 millimeters.
distribution
The species is common in Europe .
Way of life
Xyleborus dryographus occurs on oaks ( Quercus ), occasionally on beeches ( Fagus ), hornbeams ( Carpinus ), maples ( Acer ), elms ( Ulmus ), linden trees ( Tilia ), chestnuts ( Castanea ) and the genus Prunus . It colonizes the wood of the trees. The feeding picture has an entrance tube from which branched or square-shaped brood tubes branch off into the wood. The animals are polyphagous wood breeders. There are two generations a year. The beetles do not look after their brood, but indirectly their food. They drill a system of ducts into the wood in which they lay the eggs and grow an ambrosia mushroom in it, the spores of which they carry around in their stomach. The larvae feed on these fungi. The parents ensure the correct humidity by plugging or opening the entrance tube with drilling dust and also sort out bacterial foci and other molds. The drilling activity causes technical damage in the wood, which is only of importance if the wood is stored unprocessed for a long time. Dried out and treated wood is not colonized.
Systematics
Synonyms
The following synonyms are known from the literature for Xyleborus dryographus :
- Bostrichus dryographus Ratzeburg 1837
- Bostrichus angustatus Storm 1826
- Tomicus flavus Stephens 1830
- Xyleborus sampsoni Donisthorpe 1940
- Xyleborus linearis Schedl 1948
- Xyleborus donisthorpi Schedl 1961
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Xyleborus dryographus (Ratzeburg 1837). Fauna Europaea, Version 1.3, April 19, 2007 , accessed on September 23, 2008 .
literature
- Sabine Grüne : Handbook for the determination of the European bark beetles . M. & H. Schaper Verlag, Hannover 1979, ISBN 3-7944-0103-4
- Karl Wilhelm Harde, Frantisek Severa and Edwin Möhn: The Kosmos Käferführer: The Central European Beetles. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co KG, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-06959-1 .
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica - The beetles of the German Empire . Volume 5 p. 294, KG Lutz, Stuttgart 1916
- Edmund Reitter: Fauna Germanica - The beetles of the German Empire . 5 volumes, Stuttgart KG Lutz 1908–1916, digital library volume 134, Directmedia Publishing GmbH, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89853-534-7
