Geoffrey Lloyd

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Sir Geoffrey Ernest Richard Lloyd , often also GER Lloyd (born January 25, 1933 in Swansea , South Wales ), is a British classical philologist and science historian.

He is senior scholar-in-residence at the University of Cambridge's Needham Research Institute and was a Masters at Darwin College, Cambridge between 1989 and 2000 . His main research interests lie in the history of science , philosophy and medicine in antiquity , particularly in the comparative analysis of ancient Greek and Chinese history of science.

Life

Geoffrey Lloyd was born in Swansea in 1933. His father was a doctor and went to London as a specialist in tuberculosis .

education

Due to several changes of location due to the war, Geoffrey Lloyd attended six different schools up to the age of 12. He then followed his brother, who was head boy there, to the elite Charterhouse School in Surrey . He was extremely disappointed by the private school and its ancient philological orientation with its emphasis on athletic abilities - in the novels by Frederic Raphael and Simon Raven (1927–2001) he did not find the school as he had experienced it later. Lloyd defied what he said was an anti-intellectual attitude at the school, joined a poetry group and studied mathematics intensively . At seventeen he tried in vain to get to Oxford . He stayed at the Charterhouse School and learned Italian in his last year of school with Wilfrid Noyce (1917–1962), 1953 member of the first ascent team of Mount Everest. He voted out of classical philology last year and studied history instead.

His subsequent change to the King's College of the University of Cambridge was for Lloyd, as he said in a 2005 interview, compared to Charterhouse an absolute exemption ( "absolute liberation") . Here he became a member of the former intellectual secret society Cambridge Apostles , founded in 1820 . Under the influence of John Raven , he developed a particular interest in the philosophy of the pre-Socratics at King's College . He spent the years 1954/55 in Athens , where, in addition to modern Greek , he learned to play the bouzouki . Later he turned to Greek medical history.

Scientific career

Lloyd's dissertation with Geoffrey Kirk reflects his great interest in ancient Greek philosophy and anthropology . In 1966 he published a revised version of the study of the structures of polarity and analogy in Greek thought under the title Polarity and Analogy: Two Types of Argumentation in Early Greek Thought .

In 1958 Lloyd was drafted into the National Service and was stationed during the EOKA uprising in what was then British-occupied Cyprus . After his return to Cambridge in 1960, conversations with the ethnosociologist Edmund Leach inspired him to deal intensively with Claude Lévi-Strauss' new theory of ethnological structuralism .

In 1965 he became an assistant lecturer in Cambridge with the support of ancient historian Moses I. Finley . In 1983 he was given a chair in ancient philosophy and science.

A recurring element of his scientific approach was the question of what influence the political discourse had on the scientific discourse in ancient Greece.

Darwin College at the University of Cambridge, where Geoffrey Lloyd 1989-2000 as Master worked

Lloyd held lecture tours in various European countries. In 1981 he was a Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science in Tokyo . After a visiting professor (visiting professor) at the Peking University in 1987, Lloyd worked increasingly with the classical Chinese . From this he gained a perspective for his more recent works, which, building on Joseph Needham's pioneering studies on the history of Chinese science, examine the influence of the respective political cultures on the scientific discourse in ancient China and Greece. He also compared the development of medicine in the two cultures ( The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and Greece , 2002).

In 1989 the Cambridge Darwin College appointed him a master’s degree and after his retirement in 2000 made him an Honorary Fellow. His students included the Israeli classical philologist, science philosopher, science and mathematics historian Reviel Netz , who received his doctorate at Lloyd as a British Council Fellow in 1995. In 1991 Lloyd traveled to Sendai , Japan for a visiting professorship at Tōhoku University . In 2001 he was the first “Zhu Kezhen Visiting Professor” for the history of science at the Beijing Institute for the History of Natural Science. From 1992 to 2002 Lloyd was also chairman of the East Asian History of Science trust at the University of Cambridge, which was absorbed into the Needham Research Institute. He has been Senior Scholar-in-residence at the institute since 2002. Lloyd now spends a large part of the year in Spain, where he continues to work in science. In 2007, he published studies on the unity and diversity of the human mind under the title Cognitive Variations: Reflections on the Unity and Diversity of the Human Mind . In 2009 his comparative cultural studies on the formation of elites , education and innovation followed in Oxford University Press : Disciplines in the making: cross-cultural perspectives on Elites, Learning and Innovation .

honors and awards

In 1983 the British Academy elected Geoffrey Lloyd as a Fellow . In 1987 the History of Science Society (HSS), founded by George Sarton and Lawrence Joseph Henderson , awarded him the George Sarton Medal , a highly prestigious prize for the history of science . In 1989 he was elected a member of the Academia Europaea . In 1995 the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and 1997 the International Academy for the History of Science accepted him as an honorary member. Also in 1997 he was made a Knight Bachelor , so that since then the nobility predicate "Sir" has been placed in front of his name . In 2001 he received the British Academy's Kenyon Medal for Classical Studies . In 2013 Lloyd was awarded the Dan David Prize .

Publications

Geoffrey Lloyd is the Advisory Board of ten scientific journals, including History and Philosophy of Science, Journal for the History of Astronomy, physique, History of the Human Sciences, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, endoxa and Antiquorum Philosophia. He has published over 140 professional articles and as many book reviews. He edited four books and published 19 of his own, including:

author

  • 1966. Polarity and Analogy: Two Types of Argumentation in Early Greek Thought . Cambridge Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., ISBN 0-521-05578-4 ; reprint Bristol Classical Press, 1922. ISBN 0-87220-140-6 .
  • 1968. Aristotle: The Growth and Structure of his Thought . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., ISBN 0-521-09456-9 .
  • 1970. Early Greek Science: Thales to Aristotle . New York: WW Norton & Co. ISBN 0-393-00583-6 .
  • 1973. Greek Science after Aristotle . New York: WW Norton & Co., 1973. ISBN 0-393-00780-4 .
  • 1979. Magic Reason and Experience: Studies in the Origin and Development of Greek Science . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-29641-2 .
  • 1983. Science, Folklore and Ideology . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-27307-2 .
  • 1987. The Revolutions of Wisdom: Studies in the Claims and Practice of Ancient Greek Science (Sather Classical Lectures, 52). Berkeley: Univ. of California Pr., ISBN 0-520-06742-8 .
  • 1990. Demystifying Mentalities . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-36680-1 .
  • 1991. Methods and Problems in Greek Science . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-39762-6 .
  • 1996. Adversaries and Authorities: Investigations into ancient Greek and Chinese Science . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-55695-3 .
  • 1996. Aristotelian Explorations . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-55619-8 .
  • 2002. The Ambitions of Curiosity: Understanding the World in Ancient Greece and China . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-521-81542-8 .
  • 2002. with Nathan Sivin. The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and Greece . New Haven: Yale Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-300-10160-0 .
  • 2003. In the Grip of Disease: Studies in the Greek Imagination . New York: Oxford Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-19-927587-4 .
  • 2004. Ancient Worlds, Modern Reflections: Philosophical Perspectives on Greek and Chinese Science and Culture . New York: Oxford Univ. Pr. ISBN 0-19-928870-4 .
  • 2005. The Delusions of Invulnerability: Wisdom and Morality in Ancient Greece, China and Today . London: Duckworth. ISBN 0-7156-3386-4 .
  • 2006. Principles and Practices in Ancient Greek And Chinese Science (Variorum Collected Studies Series). Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 0-86078-993-4 .
  • 2007. Cognitive Variations: Reflections on the Unity and Diversity of the Human Mind . New York: Oxford Univ, Pr. ISBN 0-19921-461-1 .
  • 2009. Disciplines in the making: cross-cultural perspectives on elites, learning and innovation . New York: Oxford Univ, Pr. ISBN 0-19956-787-5 .

editor

  • 1978 (with John Chadwick ). Hippocratic Writings (Penguin Classics). Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-044451-3 .
  • 1978 (with Gwilym Ellis Lane Owen (GELOwen)). Aristotle on Mind and the Senses (Cambridge Classical Studies). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. Reprint 2007. ISBN 0-521-21669-9 .
  • 1996 (with Jacques Brunschwig ). Le Savoir Grec , Paris Flammarion (pp 1095). English: The knowledge of the Greeks: a modern encyclopedia. Among employees by Pierre Pellegrin; German translation: Volker Breidecker… et al., NZZ-Verlag, Zurich 2000, ISBN 978-3-85823-866-5 .
  • 2001 (with Giuseppe Cambiano and Mario Vegetti ). Storia della scienza , vol 1 sez 4, La Scienza greco-romana , Rome, Enciclopedia Italiana (pp. 537-1044)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Interview by Geoffrey Lloyd with Alan Macfarlane, June 7, 2005 ( Memento of June 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) ( MP4 and Word document )
  2. ↑ a b c d Lloyd's biography on the website of the Needham Research Institute, Cambridge
  3. ^ Membership directory: Geoffrey Lloyd. Academia Europaea, accessed January 3, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Lloyd, Geoffrey
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lloyd, Geoffrey Ernest Richard; Lloyd, GER
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English historian of science and medicine
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1933
PLACE OF BIRTH Swansea , Wales