Georg Hirschland

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Georg Simon Hirschland (born July 16, 1885 in Essen , † March 14, 1942 in Scarsdale , New York ) was a German banker, chairman of the Jewish community in Essen, art patron and member of the supervisory board of several entrepreneurs.

Live and act

Born as the son of the banker, councilor and city councilor Isaac Hirschland and his wife Henriette Simon (1851–1935), Georg Hirschland began studying law in Bonn after attending the Burggymnasium in Essen and completed his doctorate in Münster in 1907 . He then completed extensive training in banking at Barmer Bankverein as well as in London and New York.

Georg Hirschland married Elsbeth Panofsky (1893–1973) from Berlin , the director of a Jewish kindergarten in Essen.

In 1909, he joined the Simon Hirschland Bank in Essen, founded by his grandfather Simon Hirschland , as an authorized signatory . Three years later he and his brother Kurt Hirschland became the owner of the bank. He was also a member of the supervisory board of various companies, smelters, collieries and banks. In the 1920s he founded a branch of the Hirschlandbank in Hamburg .

As chairman of the Jewish community in Essen, he contributed to the creation of the Jewish youth home, which was destroyed in the night of the pogrom in 1938 and which has been replaced by the New Synagogue since 1959 . Together with the Essen rabbi Hugo Hahn and others, Hirschland founded the Reich Representation for German Jews on September 17, 1933 .

The art collector Georg Hirschland belonged to the circle of art patrons and was a member of the Essen Museum Association (from 1924 Kunstverein Folkwang) as well as a founding member of the Folkwang Museum Association in 1922 . With this he campaigned for the purchase of the collection from Karl Ernst Osthaus , in which the Simon Hirschland bank contributed a substantial sum. In 1938, when the company was forced into liquidation and the business had to be taken over by the bank Burkhardt & Co (today HSBC Trinkaus & Burkhardt ), Georg Hirschland felt compelled to emigrate to the USA via Amsterdam due to persecution by the National Socialists . There were disputes over the export of his art collection. The museum association bought the pictures that were on the blacklist as a valuable cultural asset. However, the pictures had to be sold far below their value because the requirements of the Nazi regime prevented the emigration of Jewish assets abroad. After the Second World War , the Hirschland family received part of their property back.

literature

Web links

  • Hermann Schröter: History and Fate of the Essen Jews. ( online , in English translation, PDF; 3.6 MB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Data on the person and family in the Euregio family book
  2. ↑ Erwin Dickhoff: Essen heads . Ed .: City of Essen - Historical Association for City and Monastery of Essen. Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8375-1231-1 .
personal data
SURNAME Hirschland, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hirschland, Georg Simon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German banker, patron
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH eat
DATE OF DEATH March 14, 1942
Place of death Scarsdale , New York