Georg Poelchau
Georg Johann Daniel Poelchau (born June 23 . Jul / 4. July 1773 greg. In Kremon (Latvian: Krimulda ) in Riga ; † 12. August 1836 in Berlin ) was a Baltic German musicians, independent scholar and music collector .
biography
Georg Poelchau was a student of Georg Michael Telemann and studied from 1792 to 1796 at Jena University . Mainly because of his passion as a music collector, he achieved fame and entered music history. He put together a collection of musicians' manuscripts comprising more than 2,600 titles. His Bach collection was the largest and most important that was ever in private hands.
Between 1798 and 1813 Poelchau lived in Hamburg, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's last place of work . He worked there as a solo tenor, concert organizer and singing teacher. After his marriage in 1811 to Amalie Henriette Manecke (1789–1817), the daughter of a wealthy Hamburg aristocrat, he devoted himself only to his music collection. Poelchau had already started collecting manuscripts in his youth, but later concentrated on music and divided his collection into 4 parts:
- Books on music from the 15th to the 17th centuries
- Music from the 16th to the 17th century
- Music from the 18th to the 19th century
- Music manuscripts, letters and portraits of musicians.
After Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's death, he acquired a large part of his estate, including the Altbach Archive .
In 1813 Poelchau moved to Berlin. He joined the Sing-Akademie zu Berlin in 1814 under Carl Friedrich Zelter's direction, worked there as a tenor soloist between 1815 and 1826 , and began to look after the institution's library at Zelter's side , which Zelter used in particular during this time of the choir. Many of the music found its way into the music library through Poelchau. Poelchau undertook considerable trips to expand his collection and exchanged letters with other collectors, especially Aloys Fuchs and Raphael Georg Kiesewetter .
He also brought Georg Philipp Telemann's manuscripts to Berlin, which he was able to acquire as a pupil of Georg Philipp Telemann's grandson, Georg Michael Telemann, and made copies of works by various composers himself.
After Zelter's death, Poelchau, together with Adolf Bernhard Marx in the Sing-Akademie, further developed the maintenance of Johann Sebastian Bach's music , which in 1850 also led to the establishment of the (old) Bach Society and its main task of presenting a complete edition of Bach's works . As the owner of many Bach manuscripts, he played an important role in the emerging Bach renaissance .
The music department of the Berlin State Library owes its substantial substance to Poelchau. After Poelchau's death, after lengthy negotiations with his son Hermann , his collection came into the possession of the “Musical Archives” at the “Royal Library”, today's music department of the Berlin State Library, through sale on February 25, 1841. The volumes of the collection Poelchau were engraved with the specially for this collection Poster stamp provided BIBLIOTHECA POELCHAVIANA. In 1832 Poelchau himself created a handwritten catalog of his library (SBB, signature Mus.ms.theor. Cat. 41 ). In the Poelchau collection were among many Bach - Beethoven - and Haydn - autographs and the first eight Mozart -Autographe and Telemanniana. In the wake of this major purchase, the musical department was established.
When Poelchau came to Berlin, he also brought the manuscript of Johann Sebastian Bach's St. Matthew Passion from the estate of his son Carl Philipp with him to the city, where the work was resurrected 16 years later with the Sing-Akademie under the direction of twenty-year-old Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy celebrated. The manuscript served as a template for the copy that Bella Salomon (née Itzig) had given her grandson Felix on his 15th birthday on February 3, 1824, and from which he conducted the re-performance on March 11, 1829. Since the Passion was first printed in 1830, this manuscript of the score (signature: Mus. Ms. autogr. JS Bach P 25), along with the mostly autograph set of parts (St 110), has served as a template for all critical and revised editions.
swell
- ↑ Entry in the baptismal register of the municipality of Kremon (Latvian: Krimulda)
- ↑ a b Press release from the Berlin State Library: The St. Matthew Passion by Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) , published on December 16, 2003.
- ↑ christoph-graupner-gesellschaft.de: Communications from the Christoph-Graupner-Gesellschaft ( memento of the original from October 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Volume 2007, pp. 8–9 (PDF; 404 kB).
- ^ Karen Lehmann: The beginnings of a Bach complete edition 1801–1865 , p. 385.
- ↑ Barbara Schneider-Kempf: Introduction to “… a lot of notes, dear Mozart!” , Press release of the Berlin State Library, October 25, 2006.
- ↑ Todd. R. Larry: "The St. Matthew Passion. Echo and effect in Mendelsohn's music," in: Too large, too unreachable. Bach Reception in the Age of Mendelssohn and Schumann, ed. by Anselm Hartinger, Christoph Wolff and Peter Wollny, Wiesbaden [u. a.] 2007, p. 79f.
literature
- Till Reininghaus: Between Vienna and Berlin: The music collection of Aloys Fuchs and Georg Poelchau in the mirror of their correspondence , In: Collective work = watermarks - writers - provenances. New methods of researching and developing cultural assets in the digital age: Between Scientific Special Discipline and Catalog Enrichment (= Journal for Libraries and Bibliography, special volumes, special volume 118), ed. by Wolfgang Eckardt u. a., Frankfurt a. M. 2016, pp. 27-45, ISBN 978-3-465-04257-0 .
- Karen Lehmann: The beginnings of a Bach complete edition 1801–1865 (= Leipzig contributions to Bach research, vol. 6), ed. from the Leipzig Bach Archive. Georg Olms Verlag, Leipzig and Hildesheim 2004, ISBN 3-487-12577-3 .
- Klaus Engler: Georg Poelchau in Göttingen . In: Society for Musicology - Congress Report (GfMKB). Society for Musicology, Berlin 1974, pp. 376–379.
- Klaus Engler: Georg Poelchau and his musical collection. A contribution to the tradition of Bach's music in the first half of the 19th century . Diss. Phil., University of Tübingen 1970 (printed 1984).
- Paul Kast: The Bach manuscripts of the Berlin State Library . Hohner, Trossingen 1958.
- Wilhelm Altmann : The music department of the Prussian State Library in Berlin . In: Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft , Vol. 3 (1920–1921), pp. 426–437.
- Karl-Heinz Köhler: The music department . In: German State Library 1661–1961 , Part 1: Past and Present . VEB Verlag für Buch- und Bibliothekwesen, Leipzig 1961, pp. 241–274.
Documents
Letters from Georg Poelchau are in the holdings of the Leipzig music publisher CF Peters in the Leipzig State Archives .
Web links
- Literature by and about Georg Poelchau in the catalog of the German National Library
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Pölchau, Georg. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Poelchau, Georg |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Poelchau, Georg Johann Daniel |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Baltic musician, private scholar and music collector |
DATE OF BIRTH | 4th July 1773 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Kremon near Riga |
DATE OF DEATH | August 12, 1836 |
Place of death | Berlin |