Tannery
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The tree bark or leaves used for tanning in the past almost exclusively - today only rarely in Central Europe - are referred to as Gerberlohe or Lohe . The Middle High German and Old High German word lō (h) / loch means, on the one hand, "low wood, bushes, overgrown clearing", on the other hand the Gerberlohe goes back to Middle High German and Old High German lō , which comes from Germanic lawa , "detached tree bark", from Indo-European leṷ " solve "(probably also in the sense of tearing off , peeling or punching ) can be derived. As a rule, it was the bark, leaves or wood of oak ( oak tree ) and spruce , which are very rich in tannin and used in shredded form. The forests used for extraction were also referred to as loh forests ; so-called taw mills were often operated for comminution .
Many street names are derived from this Lohe (e.g. Am Lohgraben in Siegen and Hanover , Lohgrabenstraße in Regensburg , Lohhain in Siegen, or Lohgrube in Ahaus ) and place names, see Lohe and professions along with house names such as Lohgerber .
Special forms of extraction of tan
A special form of wage extraction took place within the framework of the Haubergswirtschaft and the Gehöferschaftswaldes .
"Louschläissen" is a special form of forest use in Luxembourg ; in Kiischpelt the "Lohfest" is celebrated in memory of this tradition.
Tool for wage extraction
The spoon is used to loosen the tannin-containing oak bark in one piece . For this purpose, the bark is cut open with a cut along the still standing trunk and removed from this cut to the side with the spoon.
Secondary use of tan
Used, leached tan was pressed into cake (so-called tan cheese ) and used as fuel. The Swabian saying “Schwätz au koin Lohkäs” (don't tell nonsense) is derived from this. The specialist literature indicates a relatively high water content, which only increases to z. B. 50% had to be reduced, so that a large part of the energy was still used to evaporate the water during the burn-off, while the actual calorific value remained rather low. In the case of air drying, for example, the water content can be reduced significantly more, but at the same time many volatile, flammable components are lost, so that a tan cheese treated in this way also has only a low calorific value in the end.
The outdated word Lohe continued to refer to a bright, aspiring, blazing flame and can be found as part of the word lichterloh, which is still used today.
See also
- Lohe (seafaring) for the use of Lohe in the preservation of sails and fishing nets .
literature
- The unknown trades in Paris . In: The Gazebo . Issue 48, 1853, pp. 523-524 and 526-527 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Loh , Lohe² . In: Friedrich Kluge , Alfred Götze : Etymological dictionary of the German language . 20th edition, ed. by Walther Mitzka , De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1967; Reprint (“21st unchanged edition”) ibid 1975, ISBN 3-11-005709-3 , p. 445.
- ↑ Ginette Clees: Preserving the tradition of peeling peas. ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Luxemburger Wort , May 10, 2010.
- ^ Wagner, Paeßler: Lohkuchen, Lohkäs, Lohkäse . In: Handbuch der Lederindustrie , 1925
