Gertrudenherberge

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Gertrudenherberge from the west, February 2008
Gertrudenherberge 2008, from the east

The Gertrudenherberge is a medieval pilgrim hostel in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck . The facility, named after Saint Gertrude von Nivelles , the patron saint of pilgrims , originally belonged to the Holy Spirit Hospital . It is one of the recently rediscovered and therefore very late under protection monuments of the medieval world heritage on Lübeck's old town island .

history

middle Ages

The Gertrud hostel is situated east below the St. James Church and the Holy Spirit Hospital in Great Gröpelgrube and lodged in the Middle Ages pilgrims on the basis of the Baltic Sea port here from North and North-Eastern Europe over the Rhineland and Bruges in Flanders running Pilgrim's Way to Santiago de Compostela in Northern Spain .

It was created around 1360 in the course of the main plague waves of 1350 and 1367 in Lübeck, in which 25% and 15% of the city's residents died. This made the construction of a large plague cemetery, the St. Gertruden cemetery on the castle field, necessary in 1350 . A chapel belonging to the hostel, the St. Gertruden Chapel from 1373, was not built in close spatial connection with it, but at the new plague cemetery on Burgfeld. In the pilgrims' hostel in the Große Gröpelgrube there were 70 beds with double occupancy for pilgrims. 140 beds make the accommodation a large hostel. The pilgrims had to leave the hostel after three days.

Wall painting of John the Baptist on the west wall - clearly visible remains of the post-Reformation overpainting

Rediscovery

As part of a renovation model, the building was already divided into individual apartments to be built in accordance with the Condominium Act , when the building's monumental value and the special need for protection of the Gothic hall on the ground floor were recognized by the responsible experts, and enforced by UNESCO and ICOMOS against the local authorities could be. The buyers of the residential units planned in this area then sold their residential property rights to the Heiligen-Geist-Hospital Foundation , which in turn secures the room with its medieval frescos for the public together with the Association for Women and Culture and the Possehl Foundation in Lübeck. The renovation work was largely completed in early 2008. During the renovation of the building, large-format images of saints from the 14th century were uncovered in the pilgrim hall on the ground floor. The depictions include St. Christopher opposite the entrance door, John the Baptist with a lamb , the apostles Peter and Paul, a monk (according to the written sources, probably an Antonite) and a crucifixion scene . After the Reformation was introduced , the saints were painted over with tendrils.

This late discovery of an important individual monument in the course of the renovation of Lübeck's old town, which has been ongoing since the 1970s, clearly shows the extent and the difficulties of recording the area monument of Lübeck's world cultural heritage.

Modern symbol of the scallop shell as a sign of the Camino de Santiago

In northern Germany , the Way of St. James has been marked as modern long-distance hiking trails with the pilgrimage sign of the North Region of the German St. James Society since 2008 .

literature

  • Manfred Eickhölter: The St. Gertrud-Gasthaus of the Holy Spirit Hospital. In: Lübeckische Blätter 2007, pp. 222–224.
  • Wolfgang Erdmann : On the planned “renovation” of the Lübeck Gertrudenspital (inn of the Holy Spirit Hospital), Groepelgrube 8. ZVLGA 70 (1990), pp. 61–69.
  • Rafael Ehrhardt: Family and memoria in the city. A case study on Lübeck in the late Middle Ages. Dissertation Göttingen 2001.
  • Wilhelm Mantels : The relics of the council chapel at St. Gertrud. In: Contributions to the Lübisch-Hansischen history. Selected historical works No. 8, Jena 1881, p. 332.
  • Citizens' initiative Rettet Lübeck : Gertrudenherberge in: bürgernachrichten No. 98 (2007) p. 1 ff.
  • Heiligen-Geist-Hospital Foundation (ed.): The medieval pilgrim host of the Heiligen-Geist-Hospital in Lübeck Große Gröpelgrube 8. An overview in words and pictures. Lübeck 2011

Web links

Commons : Gertrudenherberge Lübeck  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Date of confirmation of the chapel by Bishop Burkhard von Serkem, quoted from Rafael Ehrhardt: Family and memoria in the city. A case study on Lübeck in the late Middle Ages. Diss. Göttingen 2001, p. 53.
  2. ^ Wall and ceiling painting in Lübeck houses 1300-1800, Gr. Gröpelgrube 8
  3. ↑ Sabine Risch: Pilgrim Hostel: Historical treasures under tiles and plaster In: Lübecker Nachrichten , May 15, 2008, p. 15;
    Eileen Wulff: The medieval wall paintings in the former pilgrims' hostel St. Gertrud - an interim report. In: Lübeckische Blätter 2008, pp. 184–185.

Coordinates: 53 ° 52 ′ 16 ″  N , 10 ° 41 ′ 32 ″  E