Gertrudenkapelle (Wolgast)
The Gertrudenkapelle is a chapel built around 1420 in the city of Wolgast in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The late Gothic building is an outstanding example of brick Gothic . The chapel is located south of Bundesstraße 111 (Chausseestraße) in the old cemetery and is one of the oldest preserved buildings in the city. The chapel belonged to a non-preserved hospital outside the city walls. It received the patronage of Saint Gertrude of Nivelles , the patron saint of pilgrims and travelers.
The Wolgaster Gertrudenkapelle belongs to a series with three more than central- built hospital chapels in Pomerania , the Gertraud chapel in Koszalin (today Polish: Koszalin), the St. Gertrud Church in Rügenwalde (Darlowo) and the St. George's Chapel in Stolp (Slupsk). All four were located near important residences of the Pomeranian dukes . In contrast, Gertruden chapels, laid out by Pomeranian cities, were not built as central buildings.
According to historical records, the chapel was donated by a Pomeranian duke on his return from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land . Although a pilgrimage of Duke Wartislaw IX. (1400–1457) not proven, but assumed to be in the years 1418/1419, the subsequent establishment of a Gertruden hospital in his residence town of Wolgast is obvious.
After the Reformation was introduced in the Duchy of Pomerania in 1534, the building served as a cemetery chapel. The wealthier Wolgast citizens were also buried in the surrounding Gertrudenfriedhof. In the early 18th century, two externally accessible tombs were built under the chapel. When the city was burned down on the orders of Tsar Peter I during the Great Northern War in 1713 , the chapel remained undamaged and served as a place of worship for the parish of St. Petri until 1718.
The twelve-sided central building made of brick is a replica of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem . The chapel has a tent roof with a slim central tower. It has eleven buttresses and a stair tower instead of the twelfth on the southwest side . There is a strong central column in the center of the chapel. The late Gothic star vault that extends from it is alternately taken up on the outer wall by three and seven-beam belt girders.
The church stalls, which were probably built around 1700, with the pulpit included in them, and the galleries originally ran along the walls. An earlier inscription on the central pillar gave information that the interior was renovated in 1740. The chapel was restored from 1863 onwards, and the entire baroque interior was removed and replaced with neo-Gothic pieces, in line with contemporary tastes.
The Wolgaster Dance of Death was probably created around 1660 on behalf of Governor General Carl Gustav Wrangel for the Wolgast Castle and reached the Gertrudenkapelle around 1700. It is believed that it was originally painted by Adrian Bentschneider, damaged in the castle fire in 1675 and repainted by Caspar Sigmund Köppe in 1700. In the course of the restoration of the chapel in the years after 1863, during which the window openings, some of which were shortened around 1700, were brought back to their original shape, the dance of death first found its way to the St. Jürgen Chapel , then around 1900 to the Wolgast St. Peter's Church and is currently open to the public there.
In 1995 the outside area was renovated. The Association for the Promotion of the Gertruden Chapel has been trying to renovate and then use the chapel for cultural purposes since 2003. The building can be visited on request.
literature
- Barbara Roggow: The Chapel of St. Gertruden Wolgast. Thomas Helms Verlag Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-940207-83-8
- Norbert Buske , Sabine Bock : Wolgast. Ducal residence and castle. Churches and chapels. Port and city. Thomas Helms Verlag Schwerin 1995, ISBN 3-931185-05-2 , pp. 57-61.
- Sabine Bock : History and architecture of the St. Gertrud Chapel in Wolgast , in: Wolgast book 1986. Rostock 1986, pp. 36–40.
- State Office for Monument Preservation Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): The architectural and art monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Western Pomerania coastal region. Henschel Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-89487-222-5 , page 362
Web links
- Literature about Gertrudenkapelle (Wolgast) in the Landesbibliographie MV
- 3D-models of the Wolgast Gertrudenkapelle
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dendrochronological dating by Jens Christian Holst and Tilo Schöfbeck, 2005, more information from Barbara Roggow: Die Kapelle St. Gertruden Wolgast. Schwerin 2015
- ↑ Barbara Roggow: The Chapel of St. Gertruden Wolgast. Schwerin 2015, pp. 54–56.
- ^ A b Barbara Roggow: The Chapel of St. Gertruden Wolgast. Schwerin 2015, pp. 134–144.
- ↑ Barbara Roggow: The Chapel of St. Gertruden Wolgast. Schwerin 2015, pp. 117-133.
Coordinates: 54 ° 3 ′ 6.4 ″ N , 13 ° 46 ′ 18.3 ″ E